1. Mir Abolfazl Mostafavi
Intelligent Transportation System for Evacuation Routing After an Earthquake
Elham Pourrahmani
MSc. Student in GIS Division, Dept. of Surveying and Geomatic Eng., College of Eng., University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Mahmoud Reza Delavar
Center of Excellence in Geomatic Eng. and Disaster Management, Dept. of Surveying and Geomatic Eng., College of Eng., University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Mir Abolfazl Mostafavi
Geomatics Department, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.

2. Initial Emergency Relief
Intelligent Transportation System for Evacuation Routing After an Earthquake
Earthquake
Damages to Buildings and Properties
Initial Emergency Relief
Avoidance of Secondary disasters
Emergency evacuation 2

3. Emergency sheltering for initial phase
Intelligent Transportation System for Evacuation Routing After an Earthquake
Local shelters
Emergency sheltering for initial phase
Minimum life requirements for 72 hours settlement
Local open areas
Religious centers
Educational centers … 3

4. Long-term safe settlement
Intelligent Transportation System for Evacuation Routing After an Earthquake
Regional shelters
Long-term safe settlement
Minimum requirements for long-term settlement
Emergency lifelines and telecommunication
Accessibility to evacuation roads
Large open areas 4

5. 5 Damages to the private properties Mental condition of evacuees
Intelligent Transportation System for Evacuation Routing After an Earthquake
Public vehicles
Damages to the private properties
Mental condition of evacuees
High capacity vehicle benefits 5

6. Transportation network Time-dependent and unpredicted changes
Intelligent Transportation System for Evacuation Routing After an Earthquake
Transportation network
Time-dependent and unpredicted changes
Travel demand increase
Network blockages 6

7. Intelligent Transportation System for Evacuation Routing After an Earthquake
Research objective
Modeling the post-earthquake evacuation process from local shelters to the regional one via public vehicles for a long-term safe settlement
Real-time time-dependent routing procedure for evacuation vehicles that minimizes total travel times, covering:
Network accessibility
Traffic congestion 7

8. Control center of evacuation routing
Intelligent Transportation System for Evacuation Routing After an Earthquake
ITS subsystem
Research Scenario
Control center of evacuation routing
Internet
GIS subsystem
-Network analysis
-Spatial location of components
Update the problem input data
O-D matrix for time interval of 15 minutes
GPS subsystem
Real-time position
of vehicles
GPRS subsystem
Routing
vehicles
Predicted travel times for the next time interval 8

9. Vehicle routing problem
Intelligent Transportation System for Evacuation Routing After an Earthquake
Vehicle routing problem
NP-Hard optimization problem
Vehicles with limited capacity
Origin Points
Demand Points
Destination points
Public vehicles
Depot
Local shelters
Regional shelter 9

10. Ant Colony Optimization
Intelligent Transportation System for Evacuation Routing After an Earthquake
Ant Colony Optimization 10

11. 11 No Yes Yes Yes No No No Yes No Yes End Initialization
Locating ants at depot
All the local shelters
visited?
Number of ants = 45
Pheromone impact factor 𝜶= 1
Heuristic impact factor 𝜷= 2
Evaporation rate 𝝆= 0.1
Initial pheromone 𝝉 𝟎 = 1
For each ant in the colony
Yes
Local update of pheromone
Generating two number with uniform distribution in (0,1)
Yes
Any remaining ant?
Yes
If ? No No
Global update of pheromone
Next node selection regarding:
Next node selection regarding: No
Termination
condition?
Capacity
exceeded?
Yes No
Yes
End
Add the chosen node to the ant’s route and tabu list
Vehicle departs to the
regional shelter and
alternates with a new one 11

12. Intelligent Transportation System for Evacuation Routing After an Earthquake
Shahid Lajevardi Highway
Yedegar Imam Highway
Shahid Chamran Highway
Shahid Hakim Highway 12

13. Real-time travel times
Intelligent Transportation System for Evacuation Routing After an Earthquake
Initial travel times
Historical travel times, acquired from Tehran Transportation and Traffic Comprehensive Studies Organization
Real-time travel times
Generation of a random number with normal distribution within [0 1] for each link of network and division of link travel time to it.
Random number 0, attributes the link as no-function
Random number 1, attributes the link as full-function
Random number between 0 and 1, attributes a link as partially function
Capacity of each vehicle is equal to 60
Number of evacuees in each local shelter is a random number with normal distribution within [30 60]
No capacity constraint for regional shelter 13

14. Intelligent Transportation System for Evacuation Routing After an Earthquake
Number of evacuated local shelters Vs. Blockages
The Achieved Results of the Proposed Real-Time Routing Evaluation
Total Evacuation Time Vs. Scenario
Evacuated shelters
(dynamic)
(static)
Total travel time(dynamic) (minute)
Total travel time(static) (minute)
Total evacuation time(dynamic) (minute)
Total evacuation time(static) (minute)
Amount of blockage
(%)
Scenario 92 52
810
435
104.5
25.5 10 1 87 18
620
347 27 14 25 2 56 16
723
572
108 40 3 29
501
216
110.5 55 4
119 89
___ 70 5
838
854 32 33 6
1012
1048
37.5 44 7
1181
1291 58 77 8
1122
1143 47 9
1560
1763 65 78 14

15. Intelligent Transportation System for Evacuation Routing After an Earthquake
In the cases where there were blockages in the transportation network, the real-time routing of evacuation vehicles led to the increase of evacuated emergency shelters by the average of 42 compared to the static routing.
As the amount of blockages increased, the number of evacuated shelters decreased, until the blockage of 70% where evacuation was impossible.
In the case of sudden changes in traffic congestion, applying the real-time routing compared to the static one, led to the decrease in total evacuation time and total travel time by the average of 110 and 51 minutes, respectively. 15

16. THANKS!