1. Communication Transportation Urbanization
9.1 Market Revolution
Communication
Transportation
Urbanization

2. Whig Political Banner (1840s)

3. This large Whig campaign banner was probably carried in parades or at political gatherings during the 1840s. It carries a potent political message by juxtaposing a screaming eagle-symbol of an aggressive, vital America-and the tricolor shield of the Great Seal of the United States with images of commerce and industry. In this painting, the Erie Canal is of great importance: not only does it dominate the right side of the banner, but this picture was likely based on a scene painted to celebrate the opening of the Canal in The banner expresses the Whig belief that the development of coastal and internal transportation and the protection of home industries are vital interests to the growing Republic. Kennedy apprenticed as an ornamental coach painter and received training from a local artist in Troy, New York and was an active participant in the Civil War.

5. Samuel Morse and the Telegraph

7. The Telegraph “WHAT HATH GOD WROUGHT”
Morse sends first telegraph on May 24, 1844 from Washington D.C. to Baltimore
Morse's early system produced a paper copy with raised dots and dashes, which were translated later by an operator
23,000 miles of telegraph wire by 1854 (p: 277)

10. Railroad Steam powered locomotives originated in England (1820s)
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (1828)
Contribute to urbanization (can better supply a large population)
American government contributes 45% of early railroad capital (subsidies)
Poor safety records
Four times faster than canal boats

12. Agricultural Revolution
Midwest farming production growth
Cyrus McCormick and the horse drawn grain reaper
John Deere and the steel plow; farmers now had a surplus of goods to sell
Connection to Eastern markets
Canals, turnpikes, rail
As agricultural output grows, manufacturing grows, infrastructure expands and the population increases

14. Cumberland Road Linked Cumberland, MD to Vandalia, Ill
Under construction from

15. Canals

16. The Market Revolution:
1793 Eli Whitney invents the cotton gin
1797 Whitney invents interchangeable parts for firearms
1807 Robert Fulton invents the steamboat
1823 Lowell Mills opens in Massachusetts
1825 Erie Canal is completed
1828 First U.S. railroad appears
1834 Cyrus McCormick invents the mechanical mower-reaper
1835* Samuel F. B. Morse invents the telegraph
1837 Cumberland road (National Road) is completed
1838 John Deere invents the steel plow

17. Effect of the Market Revolution
Political consequences: reinforced east-west ties at the expense of north-south relationships
The canal systems (ex: Erie) and railroads encouraged Midwesterners to do business with the northeast as opposed to the south
Exacerbates sectional tensions building to the Civil War; the sectional gap grows