1. South African Apartheid from 1948 to 1994
Apartheid (Racism)
South African Apartheid from 1948 to 1994

3. Essential Questions What are civil rights?
Is equality worth dying for?
How can laws keep the power in the hands of the rich?
Why is not voting such a bad thing?

4. Vocabulary
Racism- the idea that one's own race is superior and has the right to rule others.
Apartheid- a system of racial segregation enforced through legislation by the government, who were the ruling party from 1948 to 1994 in South Africa
Civil Rights- the personal rights of the individual citizen, that all people are equal
Oppression- the exercise of authority or power in a burdensome, cruel, or unjust manner towards its Citizens.
Integrate- to bring together or incorporate (parts) into a whole
Segregate- to separate or set apart from others or from the main body or group

5. Vocabulary Continued Boycott- to abstain from buying or using
Minority- a group differing, especially in race, religion, or ethnic background, from the majority of a population: legislation aimed at providing equal rights for minorities.
Interrogate- to examine by questions; question formally: The police captain interrogated the suspect
Martyr- a person who is put to death or endures great suffering on behalf of any belief, principle, or cause
Amnesty- an act of forgiveness for past offenses, especially to a class of persons as a whole.
Equality- the state or quality of being equal; equality among human beings is usually in the form of law, justice, and fairness.

6. South Africa

7. How did the British Imperialists (bullies) control South Africa?
White British men were the minority in South Africa in 1948.
However the British controlled the government and immediately came up with a plan to keep the power in the hands of White men.

10. The Plan to keep power in the hands of Whites South Africans.
The all-white government started a law called APARTHEID.
Apartheid - Separation of Races by law…
Three Social Classes:
1. White
2. Bantu (South African Blacks)
3. Mixed

11. Apartheid laws against Bantus
Bantus (Blacks) were forced to live in “townships”
Worst farmlands, little water, limited electricity
Most “townships” were slums where poverty was just a fact of life.
Not allowed to enter the city without special permission from the government.
‘White Only’ stores, restaurants, bathrooms, etc… became the norm.
Required to carry “passbooks” to be checked by police at any time.
The police had latitude to search, question, interrogate, and at times physically abuse the South African Bantu (Blacks)

15. South African Township

17. More Apartheid laws ONLY WHITE MEN COULD VOTE Critical Thinking:
How did this law keep whites in power?
(answer the question on your guided notes)

18. Bantus fight for equality
Bantus believe that they should have basic civil rights.
Bantus believe that since they are the majority population they should have a spot in the government.
Many Bantus protest but are shot by the police. This is all legal under South African Law!

23. Nelson Mandela

24. Nelson Mandela
From the 1950’s on to 1990’s, Mandela organized the Bantus and protested for Bantu rights.
He wanted Bantus to be a part of the South African government.
The white South African government arrested him for being a “terrorist“ and put him in jail for 28 years!!

25. Nelson Mandela
a South African anti-apartheid revolutionary and politician who served as President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999.
He was the first black South African to hold the office, and the first elected in a fully representative, multiracial election.
His government focused on dismantling the legacy of apartheid through tackling institutionalized racism, poverty and inequality, and fostering racial reconciliation.

26. Nelson Mandela was jailed (sent to prison as a political dissident and a potential terrorist threat to the White South African Nation) in Political Dissident: Political dissidents are people severely persecuted by governments or other organizations for political reasons. Dissidents: a person who actively challenges an established doctrine, policy, or institution such as a government.

28. Nelson Mandela was released from prison in 1991 after serving nearly 28 years of his life!

29. Nelson Mandela was elected the first Black President of South Africa in 1994

30. Steven Biko - an anti-apartheid activist in South Africa in the 1960s and 1970s
READING

31. Steven Biko
A student leader, he later founded the Black Consciousness Movement which would empower and mobilize much of the urban black population.
He was arrested in August 18th 1977 at a police checkpoint. He was interrogated, severely beaten, and tortured by the police and would later die in police custody (9/11/77). Biko has been called a martyr of the anti-apartheid movement.
While living, his writings and activism attempted to empower black people, and he was famous for his slogan "black is beautiful", which he described as meaning: "man, you are okay as you are, begin to look upon yourself as a human being".

32. Black African Women during Apartheid
Apartheid had a major impact on women since they suffered both racial and gender discrimination.
Oppression against African women was different from discrimination against men. They had very few or no legal rights, no access to education and no right to own property

33. Sports during South African Apartheid from 1930’s to the 1990’s
South African Apartheid had an impact of the two major sporting events in Africa, Soccer (Football) and Rugby.
In S.A. Soccer (Football) the (White) South African Football Association was THE PREMEIR league while the four other South African Indian, African, Bantu and Colored Football Associations were barely funded and for the most part forgotten about.
While S.A. soccer/football was plagued by racism, it also played a role in protesting apartheid and its policies. International bans from International Soccer organizations and events placed considerable pressure on the S.A. government and it’s racist polices.
While football was plagued by racism, it also played a role in protesting apartheid and its policies. With the international bans from FIFA and other major sporting events

34. Sports during South African Apartheid from 1930’s to the 1990’s
Sport has long been an important part of life in South Africa, and the boycotting of games by international teams had a profound effect on the white population, perhaps more so than the trade embargoes did.
After the re-acceptance of South Africa's sports teams by the international community, Sport played a major unifying role between the country's races.
Nelson Mandela's open support of the previously white-dominated rugby fraternity when South Africa hosted and won the 1995 Rugby World Cup went a long way to repairing broken race relations.

36. America and Great Britain cut-off South Africa because of evil Apartheid
People all around the world boycott South Africa until Blacks are give equal rights!
South Africa is scared all the important countries in the world will hate them and not do business with them.
1990 South Africa gives Bantus equal rights