1. Mr. White’s World History Class
England and the Tudors
Mr. White’s World History Class

2. English Limited Monarchy
A monarchy is a structure of government in which one person rules as the head of the state
England’s monarchy was a limited monarchy – the king or queen’s power was limited and they did not rule by the Divine Right of Kings
In 1215, King John of England signed the Magna Charta, which limited the monarch’s powers and guaranteed certain rights to nobles
English Limited Monarchy

3. The Tudor monarchs (rulers of England) were considered hard-working, able, and popular
They brought unity to England after previous turmoil and unrest
The Tudors were not absolute monarchs – they did not rule with as much power as others
England and the Tudors

4. Henry VII – The First Tudor
Became king in after the Wars of the Roses
Expanded England’s trade with foreign nations
Improved collection of taxes and promoted better government spending
Avoided getting England into wars with other countries
Henry VII – The First Tudor

5. Henry increased the power of England by fighting wars and expanding the navy
In pursuit of getting a male heir, Henry married six times and split with the Catholic church
Henry VIII

6. Henry VIII Catherine of Aragon – marriage annulled
Anne Boleyn – marriage annulled, beheaded
Jane Seymour – gave Henry a son and heir, but died two weeks later
Anne of Cleves – marriage annulled
Catherine Howard – marriage annulled, beheaded
Catherine Parr – Henry died while married to her (so she wins)
Henry VIII

8. Elizabeth Became queen at 25
Used her power for the good of her people, mostly
Won loyalty and confidence of her subjects
Poets and writers of her time praised her
William Shakespeare

9. Elizabeth – Social and Economic
Avoided marrying at all costs, as it would mean losing power
Used a council of nobles to help her rule
Believed in social rank
Gentry – nobles with land
Yeomen – poorer farmers
Worked to help England pay off its debt
Elizabeth – Social and Economic

10. The English relied on the English channel for their protection – Elizabeth thus built up the English navy
This resulted in the naval victory against Spain at Gravelines, after which the English gradually became a global sea power
This was considered one of Elizabeth’s most important successes
Foreign Policy

11. The English also relied on diplomacy
Balance of power – England worked to keep any country from upsetting the balance of power – if one was becoming too powerful, England would step in to rebalance it
Scotland was gradually taken over by England in the 1560s
1590s – English carried out military campaigns to conquer Ireland