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Urban Geography AP HuG.

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Presentation on theme: "Urban Geography AP HuG."— Presentation transcript:

1 Urban Geography AP HuG

2 Mental map of your city Draw a mental map of the neighborhood/city you live in. Include places you go frequently, landmarks you use to navigate, etc.

3 Relating to characteristic of a city or town
Urban Relating to characteristic of a city or town

4 Studying the geographic spaces of cities
Urban Geography Studying the geographic spaces of cities

5 What is a city

6 Dense Concentration of People
6 Characteristics Dense Concentration of People Functional Complexity – support sizeable # of people Centers of institutional power – government, business, culture

7 6 Characteristics 4. Dynamic, human created environment with complex patterns of land use Cities are linked via trade, transport, communication to other places Full of contradictions – opportunity and hope but also poverty & despair

8 Influences on Urban Growth
Location Industrialization & globalization Demographic trends Economic growth promoting policies Improved services

9 US Census Bureau definition of an urban area
Must have a population of at least 2,500 and a population density of at least 1,000 per square mile

10 Metropolitan area Other City Terms At least 50,000+ people
Includes a population center and adjacent zones connected to the city

11 Megalopolis/Conurbation
Massive urban complex Merging of several metropolitan areas Best Example – Boston-Washington DC

12 Emerging Megalopolises in US

13 Megacity City of 10 million or more

14 More than twice the size of the next largest city
Primate City Island of growth Uneven development Attracts people Often the capital More than twice the size of the next largest city

15 examples London (7 million) 2nd largest – Birmingham 992,000
Mexico City (8.6 million ) 2nd Guadalajara 1.6 million Bangkok (7.5 million) next largest is Samut Prakan – 388,920

16 Principal center of global economic &/or cultural power Divided into
World City Principal center of global economic &/or cultural power Divided into Alpha – most dominance Beta Gamma

17 Key Indicators of World Cities
See handout for indicators

18 New York Milan Chicago Frankfurt Los Angeles Singapore London
Alpha cities New York Milan Chicago Frankfurt Los Angeles Singapore London Hong Kong Paris Tokyo

19 Toronto Brussels San Francisco Zurich Mexico City Moscow Sao Paulo
Beta Toronto Brussels San Francisco Zurich Mexico City Moscow Sao Paulo Seoul Madrid Sydney

20 Washington DC Amsterdam Beijing Dallas Taipei Caracas Manila Rome
Gamma – only some Washington DC Amsterdam Beijing Dallas Taipei Caracas Manila Rome Istanbul Johannesburg

21 Primate Cities & World cities
Compare and contrast

22 City Land Use

23 3 basic zones Residential Commercial Industrial

24 CBD – Central Business District
Focal point of a city Commercial, office, retail and cultural center of the city Center point for transportation networks Most expensive land Loop in chicago

25 Bid Rent Curve

26 Bid Rent Curve

27 City Models

28 Eras of Transportation that change urban morphology
#1 – Walking / Horse cart ( ) Compact centralized cities 30-45 minute walk to work Elite lived on the edges of city

29 Eras of Transportation that change urban morphology
#2 – Electric Street Car Era Cities grew along the rail lines Middle class starts to move to edges of city

30 Eras of Transportation that change urban morphology
#3 – Recreational Auto Era ( ) Moving to suburbs

31 Eras of Transportation that change urban morphology
#4 – Freeway Era 1945-now Radial roads around city – decrease travel time Development near exits

32 Burgess Concentric Zone Model

33 Concentric zone cont Based on Chicago Sorts social groups

34 Center – CBD Factory Working class homes Middle class homes High class

35 Hoyt Sector Model

36 Based on Rail & River Transportation

37

38 Multiple Nuclei Model – Harris & Ullman

39 Cities have multiple core (nuclei) – harbor, university area, government area – not just a CBD

40

41 Vance – Urban Realms Model

42 Vance – Urban Realms Model
Based on San Francisco area Suburbs became self-sufficient centers Recognizes the importance of the automobile Suburbs are edge cities

43

44 European Cities

45 European Cities Medieval characteristics City wall Historic core
Irregular street patterns

46 Medieval characteristics
European Cities Medieval characteristics Low skyline Pedestrian/bicycle friendly Private/personal transportation is expensive

47 Latin America City Structure

48 Latin America Influenced by conquistadors Modern issues
Economic status

49 Latin America

50 Market center Long avenue from center Richest usually live along that avenue Edge of cities squatter settlements

51 Favela in Brazil

52 Mexico city

53 Subsaharan Africa City Model

54 Subsaharan City Model

55 Sub-Saharan City Model
Mix of traditional city and European colonial city 2 CBDs with adjoining market

56 SE Asian City MOdel

57

58 Mix of colonial and local style
Built off a port No one CBD – those activities happen in several areas

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