1. Dr. Branislav Svoren Specialist Physician in Rehabilitation Medicine
HIV - ENCEPHALOPATHY
Dr. Branislav Svoren
Specialist Physician
in Rehabilitation Medicine

2. HIV - Encephalopathy 2 VIRUS HIV DEMAGE BASAL GANGLIA AND
FRONT PART OF THE BRAIN.
LONG TIME INFECTED PEOPLE DEVELOP
DEMENTIA

3. HIV - Encephalopathy 3
BEFORE WE WERE THINKING THAT RETROVIRAL DRUGS SPEED BRAIN DEMAGE. THAT ARE BASIC FOR OUR DISCUSSION TODAY

4. HIV - Encephalopathy 4
HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (HIV) ENTERS THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CNS) CONDITIONS OVER THE COURSE OF THE DISEASE, SUCH AS HIV ENCEPHALOPATHY AND AIDS DEMENTIA COMPLEX

5. HIV - Encephalopathy 5
AS PART OF THE ACUTE HIV SYNDROME DURING SEROCONVERSION (is the time period which is specific antibody develops and becomes detectable in the blood) PATIENT MAY EXPERIENCE HIV ENCEPHALOPATHY

6. HIV - Encephalopathy 6 PRIOR TO THE ADVENT OF HIGHLY ACTIVE
ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY (HAART),
DEMENTIA WAS COMMON SOURCE OF
MORTALITY IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS

7. HIV - Encephalopathy 7
IT WAS USUALLY OBSERVED IN THE LATE STAGES OF ACQUIRED AIDS WHEN CD4 LYMPHOCYTE COUNTS FALL BELOW 200 CELLS/ML AS WAS SEEN IN UP TO 50 % OF PATIENTS PRIOR TO THEIR DEATHS

8. HIV - Encephalopathy 8
IN 1986 THE TERM AIDS DEMENTIA COMPLEX WAS INTRUDUCED TO DESCRIBE A UNIQUE CONSTELLATION OF NEUROBEHAVIORAL FINDINGS

9. HIV - Encephalopathy 9 THE OVERALL PSYCHOSOCIAL AND
EMOTIONAL BURDEN ON THE FAMILY
AND FRIENDS OF PATIENTS WITH
HIV DEMENTIA IS TREMENDOUS

10. HIV - Encephalopathy 10
HIV INFECTION REDUCE IMMUNITY SYSTEM BUT NO ONE DIED OF HIV PRIMARY INFECTION

11. HIV - Encephalopathy 11
PEOPLE WITH HIV - ENCEPHALOPATHY HAVE PROBLEM S WITH THEIR MEMORY FOR EXAMPLE THY MAY FORGET WHERE THEY HAVE PUT THINGS OR THE NAMES OF PEOPLE THEY KNOW WELL

12. HIV - Encephalopathy 12
THEY MAY GET LOST IN FAMILIAR SURROUNDINGS OR HAVE DIFFICULTY RECOGNISING FACES

13. HIV - Encephalopathy 13
SOMETIMES IT MAY SEEM AS IF THEIR PRSONALITY HAS CHANGED OR THAT THEY HAVE BECOME DEPRESSED

14. HIV - Encephalopathy 14
HIV - Encephalopathy CAN ALSO CAUSE PHYSICAL MOVEMENT TO SLOW DOWN THINGS THAT ARE USUALLY QUICK TO DO SUCH AS PUTTING ON SHOES OR BRUSHING TEETH, MAY START TO TAKE A LONG TIME

15. IS THERE ANY TREATMENT FOR HIV – encephalopathy ? (15)
ARV TRIPLE DRUGS ARE VERY EFFECTIVE AGAINST HIV AND CAN SLOW DOWN THE PROGRESSION OF THE DISEASE

16. HIV - Encephalopathy 16
APART FROM ARV DRUGS THERE IS CYRRENTLY NO OTHER SPECIFIC TREATMENT FOR HIV - Encephalopathy

17. CAN HIV - Encephalopathy BE PREVENTED ? (17)
HIV – Encephalopathy OCCURS WHEN HIV INFECTION HAS BECOME ADVANCED AND IS A FEATURE OF AIDS

18. HIV - Encephalopathy 18
IF HIV IS DIAGNOSED EARLY ENOUGH ARV DRUGS CAN PREVENT PROGRESSION TO AIDS SO MOST OF THOSE WITH HIV DO NOT GO TO DEVELOP HIV - Encephalopathy

19. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY HIV - Encephalopathy (19)
HIV IS THOUGHT TO ENTER THE BRAIN VIA INFECTED MACROPHAGES AND LYMPHOCYTES. THE VIRUS REPLICATES IN CELLS. HIV INFECTION CAN BE DETECTED IN CEREBROSPINAL FLUID

20. HIV - Encephalopathy 20
STAGING OF AIDS DEMENTIA COMPLEX STAGE 0 MENTAL AND MOTOR FUNCTIONS ARE NORMAL STAGE 1 ADL IMPAIRMENT. PATIENT CAN WALK WITHOUT ASSISTANCE

21. HIV - Encephalopathy 21 STAGE 2 THE PATIENT IS ABLE TO PERFORM BASIC
ACTIVITIES OF SELF-CARE
STAGE 3
THE PATIENT HAS MAJOR INTELLECTUAL
ACTIVITIES, MOTOR DISABILITY PRECLUDES

22. HIV - Encephalopathy 22
STAGE 4 THE PATIENT IS IN A NEARLY VEGETATIVE STAGE, INTELLECTUAL AND SOCIAL ARE AT A RUDIMENTAL LEVEL, NEARLY OR APSOLUTELY MUTE, URINARY AND FECAL INCONTINENCE.