1. Multi-Purpose Particle and Heavy Ion Transport code System
PHITS
Multi-Purpose Particle and Heavy Ion Transport code System
Useful Functions
PHITS講習会　入門実習
Feb revised
Title 1

2. Table of Contents [transform] [magnetic field] [counter]
PHITS講習会　入門実習
Table of Contents 2

3. [transform] section
You can translate and/or rotate the geometries defined in [source], [surface], [cell], [magnetic field] sections as well as r-z and xyz meshes defined in any tally. Z Y
Rotation X
XYZ coordinate system
Translation
[transform] 3

4. How to use In the case of M=1, 𝐵 1 = cos 𝑥 ′ ,𝑥 𝐵 2 = cos 𝑥 ′ ,𝑦
After making [transform] section, you can use this function by setting trcl=n in [cell], [source], and so on.
[ T r a n s f o r m ]
Trn O1 O2 O3 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 M
In the case of M=1,
𝐵 1 = cos 𝑥 ′ ,𝑥
𝐵 2 = cos 𝑥 ′ ,𝑦
𝐵 3 = cos 𝑥 ′ ,𝑧
𝐵 4 = cos 𝑦 ′ ,𝑥
𝐵 5 = cos 𝑦 ′ ,𝑦
𝐵 6 = cos 𝑦 ′ ,𝑧
𝐵 7 = cos 𝑧 ′ ,𝑥
𝐵 8 = cos 𝑧 ′ ,𝑦
𝐵 9 = cos 𝑧 ′ ,𝑧
𝑥′ 𝑦′ 𝑧′ = 𝐵 1 𝐵 2 𝐵 3 𝐵 4 𝐵 5 𝐵 6 𝐵 7 𝐵 8 𝐵 𝑥 𝑦 𝑧 𝑂 1 𝑂 2 𝑂 3
n: ID of transformation
O1,O2,O3: Displacement vector
B1～B9: Elements of rotation matrix
M: Parameter to change the equation of the transformation（The case of M=1 is shown here.)
[transform] 4

5. Convenient Way to Use
You can use the following sample to easily transform the coordinate.
[ T r a n s f o r m ]
set: c10[0] $ angle of around Z (degree)
set: c20[0] $ angle of around Y (degree)
set: c30[0] $ angle of around X (degree) tr
cos(c10/180*pi)*cos(c20/180*pi)
sin(c10/180*pi)*cos(c30/180*pi)+cos(c10/180*pi)*sin(c20/180*pi)*sin(c30/180*pi)
sin(c10/180*pi)*sin(c30/180*pi)-cos(c10/180*pi)*sin(c20/180*pi)*cos(c30/180*pi)
-sin(c10/180*pi)*cos(c20/180*pi)
cos(c10/180*pi)*cos(c30/180*pi)-sin(c10/180*pi)*sin(c20/180*pi)*sin(c30/180*pi)
cos(c10/180*pi)*sin(c30/180*pi)+sin(c10/180*pi)*sin(c20/180*pi)*cos(c30/180*pi)
sin(c20/180*pi)
-cos(c20/180*pi)*sin(c30/180*pi)
cos(c20/180*pi)*cos(c30/180*pi) 1
Rotation angles around X-, Y-, and Z-axes.
X-, Y-, and Z components for translation
[transform] 5

6. Example transform.inp [transform] 6 Execute to see the geometry.
[ M a t e r i a l ]
mat[1] H 2 O 1
[ S u r f a c e ]
10 so
11 cz
12 pz
13 pz
[ C e l l ]
#101
Let’s rotate the cylinder around Y-axis by 30 degrees.
track_xy.eps
Cylinder with radius of 5cm and height of 10cm
track_xz.eps
[transform] 6

7. Example (Rotation) transform.inp [transform] 7
[ S u r f a c e ]
10 so
11 cz
12 pz
13 pz
[ C e l l ]
trcl=1
#101
[ T r a n s f o r m ]
set: c10[0] $ angle of around Z (degree)
set: c20[30] $ angle of around Y (degree)
set: c30[0] $ angle of around X (degree) tr
・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・
[ T r a n s f o r m ]
set: c10[0] $ angle of around Z (degree)
set: c20[0] $ angle of around Y (degree)
set: c30[0] $ angle of around X (degree) tr
・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・
Rotation angles around X-, Y-, and Z-axes.
Transformation of cell 101 by tr1.
X-, Y-, and Z-components for the translation.
Let’s rotate the cylinder around Y-axis by 30 degrees!
track_xz.eps
[transform] 7

8. Example (translation)
transform.inp
[ T r a n s f o r m ]
set: c10[0] $ angle of around Z (degree)
set: c20[30] $ angle of around Y (degree)
set: c30[0] $ angle of around X (degree) tr
・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・
[ T r a n s f o r m ]
set: c10[0] $ angle of around Z (degree)
set: c20[30] $ angle of around Y (degree)
set: c30[0] $ angle of around X (degree) tr
・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・
Rotation angles around X-, Y-, and Z-axes.
X-, Y-, and Z-components for the translation.
In the case of M=1, the translation is performed after the rotation.
Move this cylinder along the positive direction of the Z-axis by 50 cm!
track_xz.eps
[transform] 8

9. Exercise 1 transform.inp [transform] 9
Let’s rotate the cylinder around Y-axis by 45 degrees, then transform it along with X-axis by 10 cm and Z-axis by 45 cm!
[ T r a n s f o r m ]
set: c10[0] $ angle of around Z (degree)
set: c20[45] $ angle of around Y (degree)
set: c30[0] $ angle of around X (degree) tr
・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・
[ T r a n s f o r m ]
set: c10[0] $ angle of around Z (degree)
set: c20[30] $ angle of around Y (degree)
set: c30[0] $ angle of around X (degree) tr
・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・
track_xz.eps
[transform] 9

10. Exercise 2
Construct the geometry shown below by adding 3 cells.
Do not change [surface] section.
Change [cell] & [transform] section.
In [transform] section, copy & paste lines below set: c10[*] by 3 times, and assign each transform equation by tr2, tr3, tr4, respectively.
track_xz.eps
[transform] 10

11. Table of Contents [transform] [magnetic field] [counter]
PHITS講習会　入門実習
Table of Contents 11

12. [magnetic field] section
You can set magnetic fields (dipole and quadrupole) in certain region in PHITS geometry to bend and deflect the charged particle trajectories.
Example of dipole magnet：
Homogeneous magnetic field
F=ev×B
[magnetic field] 12

13. [magnetic field] section
You can set magnetic fields (dipole and quadrupole) in certain region in PHITS geometry to bend and deflect the charged particle trajectories.
Example of quadrupole magnet：
Converge charged particle trajectory N S
X-axis
Y-axis
Schematic image of quadrupole magnet
[magnetic field] 13

14. Direction of Magnetic Field
How to use
After making [magnetic field] section, you can use this function by setting imagnf=1 in [parameters].
[ Magnetic Field ]
reg typ gap mgf trcl
*For electrons and positrons, this function is available only when you use EGS5 (after PHITS version 2.90).
reg: cell ID to set the magnetic field
typ: dipole (=2) or quadrupole (=4)
gap: half distance between magnet in cm
(not used for dipole but need to be input)
mgf: strength of magnetic field in kG
trcl: transform ID
Direction of Magnetic Field
Y-axis (positive direction) for dipole
→positive charged particle bends to the negative direction of X-axis when it is going to the positive direction of Z-axis
For quadrupole
→positive charged particle converges along to X-axis and diverges along to Y-axis when it is going to the positive direction of Z-axis
[magnetic field] 14

15. Example magfield.inp [magnetic field] 15
Check geometry and perform simulation by setting icntl=0.
[ S o u r c e ]
s-type = 1
proj = proton
dir = 1
r0 = 2.5
z0 = -10.
z1 = -10.
e0 = 290
[ S u r f a c e ]
10 so
11 cz
12 pz
13 pz
[ C e l l ]
trcl=1
trcl=2
trcl=3
trcl=4
#101 #102 #103 #104
track_xz.eps
[magnetic field] 15

16. Example for Dipole Magnet
magfield.inp
[ P a r a m e t e r s ]
icntl = 0
maxcas = 100
maxbch = 10
imagnf = 1
file(6) = phits.out
・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・
[magnetic field]
reg typ gap mgf
[ P a r a m e t e r s ]
icntl = 0
maxcas = 100
maxbch = 10
$ imagnf = 1
file(6) = phits.out
・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・
[magnetic field]
reg typ gap mgf
track_xz.eps
[magnetic field] 16

17. Example for Quadrupole Magnet
magfield.inp
[ P a r a m e t e r s ]
icntl = 0
maxcas = 100
maxbch = 10
imagnf = 1
file(6) = phits.out
・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・
[magnetic field]
reg typ gap mgf
[ P a r a m e t e r s ]
icntl = 0
maxcas = 100
maxbch = 10
imagnf = 1
file(6) = phits.out
・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・
[magnetic field]
reg typ gap mgf
track_xz.eps
[magnetic field] 17

18. Exercise1 magfield.inp [magnetic field] 18
Check divergence of particles along to the Y-axis!
magfield.inp
[ T - T R A C K ]
mesh = xyz
x-type = 2
nx = 100
xmin = -25.
xmax = 25.
y-type = 2
ny = 100
ymin = -25.
ymax = 25.
z-type = 1
nz = 1
part = proton
・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・
file = track_xy.out
[ T - T R A C K ]
mesh = xyz
x-type = 2
nx = 100
xmin = -25.
xmax = 25.
y-type = 2
ny = 100
ymin = -25.
ymax = 25.
z-type = 1
nz = 3
part = proton
・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・
file = track_xy.out
track_xz.eps
track_xy.eps
[magnetic field] 18

19. Exercise2 [magnetic field] 19
Bend and converge the beam to hit the cell 101 like the picture below
(You do not have to consider the divergence of beam along to Y-axis).
Set two difference magnetic fields.
Control the beam by changing the direction and strength of the magnetic fields.
track_xz.eps
[magnetic field] 19

20. Table of Contents [transform] [magnetic field] [counter]
PHITS講習会　入門実習
Table of Contents 20

21. What is “Counter” in PHITS?
Each particle has its own “Counter” number to identify what it has been experienced, such as entering, exiting from, reacting in, and reflected by a certain region.
To investigate the origin of tallied particle
→　What are the difference between particles
Produced in each region?
Tally
When a particle collides in a region, count = counter +1.
[counter] 21

22. How to use
After making [counter] section, you can use this function by setting ctmin(i), ctmax(i) in each tally section (i is counter ID).
[ C o u n t e r ]
counter = 1
part = neutron proton
reg in out coll ref
Counter: counter ID (up to 3)
part: Countered particle (Particle type followed by this counter)
Event Types
in: Enter the cell
out: Exit from the cell
coll*: React in the cell
ref: Reflected by the cell
Cells for activating this counter
Action
0: Nothing happens
10000: Set counter = 0
Other: Counter = Counter + Number
*You can distinguish further detailed channels for coll. (See the next slide.)
[counter] 22

23. classification of coll
coll is classified as nucl, atom, and dcay. Furthermore, nucl and atom have 3 and 8 channels, respectively.
coll: reactions
nucl: nuclear interactions
elst: elastic scatterings
iels: inelastic scatterings
fiss: fissions
atom: atomic interactions
delt: generation of delta-rays
fluo: generation of fluorescence x-rays
auge: generation of Auger electrons
brem: Bremsstrahlung
phel: photoelectric effects
cmpt: Compton scatterings
pprd: production of electron-positron pairs
anih: annihilation of electron-positron pairs
dcay: particle decays
[counter] 23

24. Example counter.inp [counter] 24
Check geometry and perform simulation by setting icntl=0.
[ M a t e r i a l ]
MAT[ 1 ]
H 2 O 1
MAT[ 2 ]
N 8 O 2
MAT[ 3 ]
Cu 1
[ C e l l ]
trcl=1
trcl=2
e trcl=3
trcl=4
#101 #102 #103 #104
・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・
[ C o u n t e r ]
counter = 1
part = proton
reg in out coll ref
track_xz.eps
[counter] 24

25. Example counter.inp [counter] 25 From 110 to 101 cross.eps
[ T - C r o s s ]
title = Particle current using [T-cross] tally
mesh = reg
reg = 1
non r-in r-out area
e-type = 3
emin = 1.0
emax =
ne = 30
unit = 1
axis = eng
file = cross.dat
output = current
part = proton
angel = ymin[1.E-06] ymax[1.E-02]
epsout = 1
From 110 to 101
cross.eps
[counter] 25

26. Example counter.inp [counter] 26
Add conditions related the counter option to the [t-cross] section!
ctmin(1)=1, ctmax(1)=1
counter.inp
[ C o u n t e r ]
counter = 1
part = proton
reg in out coll ref
[ T - C r o s s ]
・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・
file = cross-c1.dat
output = current
part = proton
angel = ymin[1.E-06] ymax[1.E-02]
epsout = 1
ctmin(1) = 1
ctmax(1) = 1
cross-c1.eps
Min & Max values of the counter ID1 for tallied particle
Scattered protons only in the region 102 are tallied.
[counter] 26

27. Exercise 1 counter.inp [counter] 27
Add neutron to “part” in the [t-cross] section to consider their origin.
[ C o u n t e r ]
counter = 1
part = proton
reg in out coll ref
[ T - C r o s s ]
・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・
file = cross-c1.dat
output = current
part = proton neutron
angel = ymin[1.E-06] ymax[1.E-02]
epsout = 1
ctmin(1) = 1
ctmax(1) = 1
[ C o u n t e r ]
counter = 1
part = proton
reg in out coll ref
[ T - C r o s s ]
・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・
file = cross-c1.dat
output = current
part = proton
angel = ymin[1.E-06] ymax[1.E-02]
epsout = 1
ctmin(1) = 1
ctmax(1) = 1
cross-c1.eps
Neutrons can also be estimated with the condition as in the protons.
[counter] 27

28. Exercise 2
Let’s tally scattered particles from the 103 and 104 regions as in 102.
Define counter 2 and 3 in the [counter] section to count events occurred in 103 and 104, respectively.
Copy & paste the [t-cross] section (2 times), and set a condition of counter 2 and 3. (change their output file names)
tally
[counter] 28

29. Answer 2 counter.inp [counter] 29 cross-c2.eps cross-c3.eps
・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・
counter = 2
part = proton
reg in out coll ref
counter = 3
[ T - C r o s s ]
file = cross-c2.dat
output = current
part = proton neutron
angel = ymin[1.E-06] ymax[1.E-02]
epsout = 1
ctmin(2) = 1
ctmax(2) = 1
cross-c2.eps
cross-c3.eps
No reaction occurs in the air region.
Protons scattered from 104 are very little.
[counter] 29

30. Summary
You can set up complex geometries as well as source and tallies using [transform] section.
You can simulate the particle trajectories in magnetic fields using [magnetic field] section.
You can analyze the simulation results in more detail using [counter] section.
《休憩はさむ》
まとめ
Summary 30