1. Introduction to International Relations
Wang Mengdi
Luo Li
Zhang Xiaozhou

2. Chapter 4: From the End of the Cold War to a New Global Era --From 2000 to present

3. Actors in international society after 2000
Traditional power
Rise and decline
Major issues
Rising power
Current and future

4. The new global era The fall of the cold war
The US and the foreign policy
Russia ——Putin administration
Europe: rise and decline
A new Asian century and a new global South
From 9/11 to the Arab Spring
Obama and the world

5. The fall of the cold war End: 1991, the Soviet Union collapsed.
Gorbachev announced his resignation in a televised speech
End: 1991, the Soviet Union collapsed.
The mislead of Gorbachev
Soviet economic problem
Drastic changes in eastern Europe
The fall of the Berlin Wall

6. The US and the foreign policy
-Hyperpower and unipolar——dominant position of US -Clinton administration -Foreign policy -NATO and G8

7. Foreign policy of US Bill Clinton administration
-concentrated in the main on economic issues and using America’s economic power to reinforce its position in the international system
George W. Bush administration
- support for a stronger economic and political relationship with Latin America, and a reduction of involvement in "nation building" and other small-scale military engagements
Barack Obama administration
-a decidedly cautious foreign policy leader
- bin laden was killed
-rethinking US’s position in the wider world
- Power is still and will in the hands of the United States for a long time

8. Russia ——Putin administration
Anyone who does not regret the passing of the Soviet Union has no heart.
Anyone who wants it restored has no brains.

9. Domestic and foreign Power & control International relations
federal subjects of Russia
sovereign democracy
Economic
- newly privatized Russian economy
- newly wealthy
With US and NATO
With post-Soviet states
With South and East Asia

10. Obama and the world Barack Obama was elected in 2008
-during the economic crisis and the decline of US prestige
Obama and the economic policy
-Stimulus
-U.S. automobile industry support
-Trends in employment
-Banking regulation
Obama and the foreign policy
-Bring US troops home from Iraq and Afghanistan
-Bring the US back on the road to recovery and restore US standing in the world
-Return to the Asia

11. Who dominating the world?
In the early years of post-cold war
-The military power and capability
Nowadays
-the economic power

12. Chapter 5: Rising Powers and the Emerging Global Order

13. Europe after the cold war
1.A divided continent and country became united;
2.States of Eastern Europe achieved the right of self determination.
3. The threat of serious war for Europe was eliminated.

14. What kind of Europe it would be？
French: independent from the USA
Elites: closely tied to the USA
Build a united states of Europe
National difference (nation-states) should be realized
Sovereignty should be guarded.

15. What actually happened to Europe?
Economic strategy:
Social model——a strategy that favored state involvement in the management of market.
Free market：a strategy that required economic reform
European integration:
The Europe Union and NATO helped to shape part of Europe and prevent anarchy in Europe.
Foreign policy :
Civilian power/ soft power , not a military actor.

16. Europe in the international system
Retaining softer power instead of hard power.
(Only the UK and France maintained military capability)
Market capacity became larger even than that of the US.
The Europe continued to hold together
Ex : Financial crisis in 2008 ,rising debt, increasing unemployment, declining competitiveness between countries.

17. Asia after the cold war
Revolutions, wars, and insurgencies in East Asia during the cold war.——Volatile
Powerful communist parties in power——North Korea, Vietnam, China.
Territorial disputes——Korea(divided)
Impacts of the former USSR
China, North Korea ,choose to draw their own lessons

18. China—A new economic power house
“peaceful rise” of economic
(China’s peaceful development)
Prosperity coexists with intensions
Ex: Issue of South China Seas
When new powers rises, the balance of power changes, the instability follows.

19. The global south
Economic reform in countries marked the end of the Third world.
Basic needs of developing countries still couldn’t be met.
Burden of debt due to wars despite of the economic conditions
Ex: 2007, pay $13 for every $1 received in aid.

20. 9/11 Date : 2001/9/11 Leader: Bin Laden Effects:
1. It rose the attention of terrorism, marked a big turning point of modern international relations——Threat from dangerous weapons of mass destruction
2. It made foreign policy more militarized
Ex: US military spending doubled between 2001 and 2009.
3.Military capability and power are essential to secure a country.

21. The Arab Spring Date: 17 December 2010 – December 2012
Location : North Africa, Middle East, Arab world
Causes : 2010 energy crisis, Demographic structural factors, unemployment, inflation, political corruption, etc.
Goals: democracy, free elections, economic freedom, human rights, employment.

22. A new global era? Note : Volatile regions still exist.
This world still remain deeply unequal.
The underdeveloped countries are playing increasingly vital roles in the world system.(India, China, Brazil )——New rising powers.

23. Chapter 5: Rising Powers and the Emerging Global Order

24. outline Introduction The background and impetus of rising
Typical example – the BRICs
Does the Third Word/ global South belong to rising power?
Challenges within/with rising power and future outlook

25. Introduction
Definition (A rising power refers to a nation or a union of nation is undergoing a stage of going up/rising, and accordingly has started to increase their presence in global affairs.)
Characteristics (strong economies, emerge as unified forces, political appeals, dissatisfaction with current order)
Difference of rising power and emerging power

26. Background &Impetus Turning point : economic crisis in 2008
Decline of America’s unique hegemony (clash of civilization, 911, economic crisis, resistance to values)
Unequal world order and boom of functional institutions
Public issues, increasing global responsibilities
National interests (prestige, security, political voice)

27. the BRICs Introduction Current position (economic graphs/ statistics)
Advantages
Challenges
Question: A primary competitor to USA? New threat to global South?

28. World Bank, http://data. worldbank. org/country/united-states
*World Bank, login time

29. GDP proportion in globe of main powers
*Source: howmuch.net

30. The Third World Still exist and not disappear
Gap between the third world rising powers like the BRICs
Question：Will a new pattern of relations with rising powers (BRICs)?

31. Challenge & Outlook Internal challenges External challenges
Outlook: act as unifying force (but China?), pose pressure on America with limited effectiveness, economic level- political level.

32. summary Rising power & emerging global order
Three problems of rising powers put forward by Andrew Hurrell
Power shifts to?
What is power?
Power for what?
Potential > current

33. Discussion How long will unipolar moment endure?
Is the conflict between the US and China inevitable?

34. 谢谢！ Thank you very much! 감사합니다!