1. Cardiovascular System
Anatomy & Physiology
Cardiovascular System

2. Lesson objectives To label the chambers of the heart
To explain how blood flows through the heart
To list the main blood vessels
To describe the structure and function of the blood vessels
To explain the circuit of the blood vessels around the body and back to the heart

3. Cardiovascular System
Cardio – heart
Vascular – blood vessels (arteries, veins etc.)
Made up of three different parts:
The heart
The blood vessels
The blood

4. Functions of the Blood
Responsible for transporting oxygen around the body
Defence against infections, illnesses etc.
Removal of waste products
Transporting nutrients
Thermoregulation (temperature control)
Clotting

5. Location of the Heart The heart is located in the middle of the thorax
Between both lungs
Apex pointing towards left hip

6. Heart Structure Pumps blood around the body
Made of four compartments – 2 atria (more than one = atrium) and 2 ventricles
Cardiac muscle – never gets tired
Aorta
Pulmonary artery
Vena cava
Pulmonary vein

7. Aorta
Superior
Vena Cava
Pulmonary Artery
Pulmonary Vein
RIGHT ATRIUM
Right atrium
LEFT ATRIUM
RIGHT VENTRICLE
Right ventricle
LEFT VENTRICLE
Inferior
Vena Cava

8. FROM UPPER BODY
TO BODY
TO LUNGS
TO LUNGS
FROM LUNGS
Right ventricle
FROM LOWER BODY

9. Blood flow through the heart
Atria contract and ventricles fill with blood
Atria fill with blood 1 2
Ventricles contract
and blood is pumped to lungs and around body
Ventricles relax and cycle starts again 3 4

10. Valves of the Heart 4 valves Tricuspid (right) Bicuspid (left) Aortic
Pulmonary

14. Blood Vessels Hollow tube like structures that carry blood
Five different types of blood vessel:
Arteries
Arterioles
Capillaries
Venules
Veins
Stretched out the blood vessels of an average human will encircle the earth twice

15. Aorta Carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body
Largest artery in the body

16. Pulmonary Artery Carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs
Blood is oxygenated and carbon dioxide is removed
Only artery in the body that carries DEOXYGENATED blood around the body

17. Aorta
Pulmonary artery 17

18. Vena Cava Carries deoxygenated blood back to the heart from the body
Superior and inferior

19. Pulmonary Vein
Carries OXYGENATED blood back to the heart from the lungs
Only vein in the body to carry OXYGENATED blood

20. Pulmonary Vein
Carries OXYGENATED blood back to the heart from the lungs
Only vein in the body to carry OXYGENATED blood

21. Pulmonary vein
Vena cava 21