1. Physical Activity and Fitness
Chapter 3
Physical Activity and Fitness
Lesson 3
Exploring the Circulatory System
Teacher’s notes are available in the notes section of this presentation.
Next >>

2. In this lesson, you will be able to
identify the structure and functions of the circulatory system.
describe how blood circulates through the body.
recognize how to care for your circulatory system.

3. In Class Activity Read textbook pages 71-72
In your notebook copy the 6 vocabulary words highlighted in yellow and their definition which is in italics
Leave space to take notes

4. The group of organs and tissues that act as transfer stations carrying needed materials to cells and removing their waste products
circulatory system
Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart to various parts of the body
arteries
Blood vessels that carry blood from all parts of the body back to the heart
veins
Click to reveal the definitions.
Tiny blood vessels that carry blood to and from almost all body cells and connect arteries and veins
capillaries

5. pulmonary circulation
When blood travels from the heart, through the lungs, and back to the heart
systemic circulation
When oxygen-rich blood travels to all body tissues except the lungs
The force of blood pushing against the walls of the blood vessels
Click to reveal the definitions.
blood pressure

6. The circulatory system includes the heart, the blood vessels and the blood.
circulatory system The group of organs and tissues that act as transfer stations carrying needed materials to cells and removing their waste products
The circulatory system is also called the cardiovascular system. Cardio refers to the heart, and vascular refers to the blood vessels.
Is also called the cardiovascular system
cardio refers to the heart
vascular refers to the blood vessels.

7. Your Heart and Blood Vessels
The Heart

8. The Heart a muscle that acts as a pump for the circulatory system
blood is pumped from the heart to the body’s cells – back to the heart
usually beats from 60 to 100 times per minute
can go much faster when it needs to
It beats about 100,000 times a day
more than 30 million times per year
about 2.5 billion times in a 70-year lifetime.

9. The Chambers of the Heart

10. The Chambers of the Heart
Atrium
One of the two upper chambers of the heart …
a receiving chamber
Right atrium receives blood from the body
Oxygen poor blood
Left atrium receives blood from the lungs
Oxygen rich blood

11. The Chambers of the Heart
Ventricle
One of two lower chambers of the heart
a pumping chamber
Right ventricle sends (pumps) blood to the lungs
oxygen poor blood
Left ventricle sends (pumps) blood to the body
oxygen rich blood to the body

12. Septum
Separates the two sides of the heart
the right and left side

13. Heart Valves
KEEPS BLOOD GOING IN
THE CORRECT DIRECTION

14. Blood Vessels tubes that carry blood throughout the body
blood is pumped, by the heart to the body’s cells through blood vessels
3 Types of Blood Vessels are:
Artery
Vein
Capillaries

15. The heart pumps blood around the body through
a network of arteries, veins, and capillaries.
arteries Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart to various parts of the body
The heart is a special muscle that serves as the center of the circulatory system.
The network of blood vessels in the body is over 80,000 miles long.
veins Blood vessels that carry blood from all parts of the body back to the heart
capillaries Tiny blood vessels that carry blood to and from almost all body cells and connect arteries and veins

16. Arteries Tubes that carry blood away from heart to body’s cells
usually oxygen rich blood
Aorta is the main artery of the body
oxygen rich blood leaves the heart through the aorta
Pulmonary Arteries tubes that carry blood from the heart to the lungs
oxygen poor blood
the only arteries that are oxygen poor
blood rich in carbon dioxide

17. Veins Tubes that carry blood toward the heart from the body’s cells
brings this blood back to heart/lungs to get more oxygen
usually oxygen poor blood
Pulmonary Veins
Veins that carry blood from the lungs back to the heart
oxygen rich blood
the only veins that are oxygen rich

18. In Class Activity Read textbook pages 73-76
In your notebook copy the 2 vocabulary words highlighted in yellow and their definition which is in italics
Leave space to take notes

19. What Makes Up Your Blood?

20. What Makes Up Your Blood?
Blood is made up of plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.
plasma The yellowish, watery part of blood
Plasma makes up over half the volume of blood.

21. Page 74 in textbook show pictures of what they look like
What Makes Up Your Blood?
job is to transport nutrients, hormones, minerals and blood cells
92% of plasma is water
Plasma
The body’s main defense against germs and bacteria. Helps destroy disease germs
White Blood Cells
Platelets
&
Red Blood Cells
Blood cells which help the blood to clot
keeps you from losing too much blood when you bleed
Carries oxygen to the cells
throughout the body
Page 74 in textbook show pictures of what they look like

22. Some blood types are compatible and others are not compatible.
Knowing what blood type you have is important for a person who may need blood from a donor during surgery.
Blood Types
Red blood cells are one of four types: A, B, AB, or O.
Most people’s blood contains a substance called an Rh factor, a type of protein.
Some blood types are compatible and others are not compatible.
People who have an Rh-factor in their blood are called Rh-positive.
Rh negative people do not have this substance in their blood.
Rh-negative people can only receive blood donations from people who are Rh-negative.
Rh-positive people can receive blood donations from either Rh-positive or Rh-negative donors.
Knowing what blood type you have is important for a person who may need blood from a donor during surgery.
Some blood types are compatible and others are not compatible.
People who have an Rh-factor in their blood are called Rh-positive. Rh negative people do not have this substance in their blood.
Rh-negative people can only receive blood donations from people who are Rh-negative.
Rh-positive people can receive blood donations from either Rh-positive or Rh-negative donors.

23. Blood Types and Compatibility
Type O
>>> Compatible with all others
O-negative
is call a universal donor
Type A
Type B
Type AB

24. The Process of Circulation
The process of circulation involves pulmonary circulation and systemic circulation.
pulmonary refers to the lungs
systemic relates to the body
pulmonary circulation When blood travels from the heart, through the lungs, and back to the heart
Pulmonary circulation:
The word pulmonary refers to the lungs.
When blood travels this path, it pulmonary refers to the lungs.
Systemic circulation:
The oxygen-rich blood also delivers other nutrients to the cells and picks up waste products.
systemic circulation When oxygen-rich blood travels to all body tissues except the lungs
The oxygen-rich blood also delivers other nutrients to the cells and picks up waste products from the cells

25. Page 72 in textbook

26. A certain amount of blood pressure is needed to make blood circulate.
blood pressure The force of blood pushing against the walls of the blood vessels

27. A blood pressure reading measures two numbers. example 110/70
The first is systolic pressure and the second is diastolic pressure.
Systolic pressure:
When the heart contracts and pumps blood into the arteries.
Diastolic pressure:
When the heart relaxes to refill with blood.

28. blood pressure The force of blood pushing against the walls of the blood vessels
Systolic pressure:
first number – 110
When the heart contracts pushing the blood out and into the arteries
Diastolic pressure:
second number – 70
When the heart relaxes (between heart beats) to refill with blood

29. Heart Rate is how many times the heart beats per minute.
With exercise
After exercise
recovery
Resting Heart Rate

30. Caring for Your Circulatory System
Tips for Caring for Your Circulatory System
Make aerobic activity a habit.
Follow a balanced food plan that is low in fats.
Aerobic Activity
Improves cardiovascular endurance, which helps the circulatory system
Increases the heart’s capacity to pump blood
Muscles receive more oxygen
Lessens fatty buildup in arteries
Helps achieve a healthy weight, which means the heart doesn’t have to work too hard
Manage Stress
Stress can strain the heart and blood vessels
Avoid Tobacco
Tobacco narrows the blood vessels, cutting down the oxygen supply
Develop strategies for managing stress.
Avoid using tobacco.

31. Make aerobic activity a habit.
Caring for Your Circulatory System
Make aerobic activity a habit.
Improves cardiovascular endurance, which helps the circulatory system
Increases the heart’s capacity to pump blood
Muscles receive more oxygen
Lessens fatty buildup in arteries
Helps achieve a healthy weight, which means the heart doesn’t have to work too hard

32. Caring for Your Circulatory System
Follow a balanced food plan that is low in fats.
A good diet can help prevent clogged vessels,
high blood pressure and other problems
Salty foods can raise blood pressure and cause heart disease
Foods high in saturated fat can clogged blood vessels
Too much cholesterol can lead to heart disease
Too much caffeine can cause the heart to beat rapidly or irregularly

33. Caring for Your Circulatory System
Develop strategies for managing stress.
Stress can strain the heart and blood vessels
Heart beats faster when a person is experiencing stress
Avoid using tobacco.
Tobacco narrows the blood vessels, cutting down the oxygen supply

34. Don’t smoke – Stay away from second hand smoke
Carbon monoxide from smoke reduces the amount of oxygen that the blood carries
So the body organs receive less oxygen from blood
Nicotine increases heart rate
Nicotine causes blood vessels to become narrow
Narrow blood vessels make the heart pump harder to move blood through the body
This strains the heart … causes heart attacks
CANCER AND HEART DISEASE ARE CAUSED BY SMOKING
IT MAY TAKE YEARS TO DEVELOP

35. Lesson 3 Review
What I Learned
Identify What is the function of the circulatory system?
It carries the needed materials to cells and removes their waste products
It carries the needed materials to cells and removes their waste products.

36. What I Learned Vocabulary Define blood pressure. Lesson 3 Review
Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against the walls of blood vessels.
Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against the walls of blood vessels.

37. What I Learned Explain Why can’t certain blood types be combined?
Lesson 3 Review
What I Learned
Explain Why can’t certain blood types be combined?
because the red blood cells will clump together and block the blood vessel
because the red blood cells will clump together and block the blood vessel

38. Lesson 3 Review
What I Learned
Distinguish What is the difference between pulmonary and systemic circulation?
Pulmonary circulation moves blood back and forth between the heart and lungs.
Systemic circulation moves blood back and forth between the heart and the rest of the body except the lungs.
Pulmonary circulation moves blood back and forth between the heart and lungs. Systemic circulation moves blood back and forth between the heart and the rest of the body except the lungs.

39. Lesson 3 Review
Thinking Critically
Infer Why do you think a blood pressure reading is part of a typical medical checkup?
High blood pressure is harmful to the cardiovascular system.
High blood pressure is harmful to the
cardiovascular system.

40. Lesson 3 Review
Thinking Critically
Apply In what ways do you think building cardiovascular endurance now will benefit you later in life?
Sample answer: It will make your heart stronger and help prevent fatty buildup in your arteries.
Sample answer: It will make your heart stronger and help prevent fatty buildup in your arteries.

41. Physical Activity and Fitness
End of
Chapter 3
Physical Activity and Fitness
Lesson 3
Exploring the Circulatory System
Click for:
>> Main Menu
>> Chapter 3 Assessment