1. Reformation Objective:
TSWU the historical forces and religious issues that sparked the Reformation.

2. The Early Church Video

3. Corruption in the Medieval Catholic Church
What forms of corruption existed during the Late Middle Ages?
Popes used excommunication to force monarchs to obey the Church
Many priests were illiterate
Many clergy broke their vows of chastity
Some officials lead lives of luxury and leisure
Some clergy:
Charged repentant Christians to see holy remains and objects
Sold church offices to the highest bidder (simony)
Sold indulgences

4. Read 31.3 and answer the questions
Ask the students these questions: What do you see? Why might this man be tied up? What is about to happen to him?What might he have done to receive such harsh punishment? Why would the church order the execution of certain individuals?
Read 31.3 and answer the questions

5. Awarding Indulgences Video

6. Read Section 31.4 and answer the questions
"I would never have thought that such a storm would rise from Rome over one simple scrap of paper..." (Martin Luther)
Ask, What do you see? Describe the man with the scroll in his hand. What do you think he has just done? What might be written on the document that has been hung on the door of the church? What are some of the reactions to this document? What kind of person would it take to question the church?
Read Section 31.4 and answer the questions

7. Martin Luther and the Beginning of the Reformation
Why did Luther question Church practices and teachings?
Troubled by idea that salvation was attainable through good works
Interpreted St. Paul to mean that path to salvation was by faith alone
Believed forgiveness for sins could come only from God’s mercy
Angered by Tetzel’s sale of indulgence

8. How did his criticisms expand into an effort to form a new church?
Wrote 95 Theses to start debate on Church abuses
Published books and pamphlets questioning Church teachings
Ideas for reform led to a new church
Congregations choose their own ministries
Worship of saints and holy days was considered sinful
Mass conducted in German instead of Latin
Clergy allowed to marry

10. The Spread of the Printing Press10

11. Read 31.5 and answer the questions
Ask, What do you see here? Why do you think a crowd has gathered around the man on the right? How is the monk on the left responding to the crowd? The man at the center of the crowd is distributing a pamphlet about Protestant ideas.
Read 31.5 and answer the questions

12. New Religions Day 2

13. Lutheranism Origins Beliefs about Sin and Salvation
Lutheranism was founded by Martin Luther in Germany in 1521
Beliefs about Sin and Salvation
Believed Salvation was a gift from God.
Received by people if they sincerely believed in Jesus, were sorry for their sins, and accepted the Bible as truth.
“Justification by faith”

14. Lutheranism Belief about the ultimate source of authority
Believed that the Bible was the only true source of religious guidance.
Rejected the authority of church councils and the pope.

15. Martin Luther Video

16. Lutheranism Rituals and Worship Lutherans kept some Catholic practices
Church looked much like Catholic church with altar, crucifix, and candles
Similar to Catholic mass (communion, Bible readings, sermons, and hymns
Prayer was in German instead of Latin
Two sacraments instead of Seven

17. Lutheranism Community Life Emphasized strict discipline
Large, Strong Families
Children were taught to pray before meals and bed

18. Calvinism
Origins
Founded by John Calvin in Switzerland in 1541

19. Calvinism Beliefs about Sin and Salvation Predestination
Idea that God already knows who will be saved in the afterlife and who will be condemned
Destinies shown by behavior
Those who behave well were saved
Those who sinned were not

20. Calvinism Beliefs about the ultimate source of Authority
Bible was the only source of religious guidance
Communities governed according to God’s law
When people sinned, they were also committing a crime

21. Calvinism Rituals and Worship Attend service up to 5 times a week
Sermons were long
No paintings, statues, or stained glass windows
Used the only two sacraments in the Bible (baptism & communion)
Could sing only words from the Bible

22. Calvinism Community Life Theocracies
Communities governed by God through religious leaders
Swearing, dancing, insulting people, and playing cards were not allowed
Homes could be inspected to see if famlies were obeying laws

23. Anglicanism
Origins
King Henry VIII in 1534

25. Anglicanism Beliefs about sin and salvation
Baptism would wash away original sin
Justification by faith
Ultimate Source of Authority
Monarch was the main interpreter of the Bible
Anglicans could interpret the Bible in their own way as long as they were loyal to the king or queen

26. Anglicanism Rituals and Worship
Services were held in former Catholic Church buildings
Decorations were removed
Inside was painted white
Hymns & services were in English instead of Latin, so everyone could take part
Two sacraments
Baptism
Communion

27. Anglicanism Community Life High Church Low church
Mostly wealthy
Low church
Middle class & working class
Heresy was not a crime
People could worship as they liked as long as they did not attack the monarch or the Anglican Church

28. The Catholic Reformation
Steps toward Reform
Pope Paul III ( )
Led the Counter, or Catholic Reformation
Promoted reform-minded cardinals to Curia
Had Church abuses catalogued
Called meeting at Trent to deal with the growth of Protestanism

29. Council of Trent ( )
Defined Catholic beliefs & corrected abuses
Christians need faith & good works for salvation
Sale of indulgences prohibited
Simony outlawed
Seminaries established to train parish priests
Monasteries and convents cleansed of immoral clergy

31. Henry VIII Indulgences 95 Theses Protestant John Calvin Bible Pope
Pyramid Game
Henry VIII Indulgences 95 Theses Protestant John Calvin Bible Pope

32. Pyramid Game
Martin Luther Excommunication Faith Corruption Anglican Council of Trent Salvation