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Nutritional Facts for Cardiac Patients
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Objectives: Daily Requirements Reading Labels Definitions
Today we will be talking about your daily requirements, reading labels and definitions that you see on labels.
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How much Calories? Women: 1600 – 2000 calories/day
Sedentary less Active more Women require 1600 to 2000 calories a day Men require 220 to 2600 calories a day
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Sodium: AHA (American Heart Association) states no more then milligrams Ideal is 1500 milligram/day with: Hypertension CHF Liver Kidney Disease Sodium intake is especially important for cardiac patients AHA states no more than 2300 milligrams/day Ideal is 1500 milligrams
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What should we look for on labels for Sodium Intake?
Foods that contain < 140 milligrams is deemed healthy. Foods with >480 milligrams per serving not considered healthy. Foods that contain <140 mgs of Sodium are good Foods with > 480 mugs of sodium are bad.
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Sodium Intake: 75% of our Sodium intake comes from processed & restaurant foods. Processed food and restaurants are especially bad for sodium content
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Foods High in Sodium: Deli Meats Bread Fast Food
Processed Meats Crackers Pizza Soups Chips Frozen Dinners These are some of the foods that contain high amounts of sodium
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Condiments: Ketchup Soy Sauce Worchester Sauce Salad Dressing
Remember condiments contain high amounts of sodium.
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How much Potassium? Recommended Daily Allowance 4700 milligram
A daily allowance of Potassium should be around 4700 milligrams a day
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Potassium Food Sources:
Potatoes Orange/grapefruit juice Raisins Lima beans/white beans Prunes Dates Winter Squash (acorn) Spinach Tomato Products Bananas These are some of the foods high in potassium
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Fact: Bananas get the fame of being rich in potassium.
But medium sized baked potato supplies 926 milligrams of daily intake. Bananas versus the baked potato
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How many grams of Protein?
Women: 46 grams/day Men: 56 grams/day Women need 46 grams of protein a day Men 56 grams of protein a day
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“Right” Amount protein depends on several factors:
Age Activity Level Muscle Mass Physical Goals Current state of health Protein requirements can differ due to several factors Age Activity Muscle mass physical goals Health problems
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Protein: Protein is about quality.
Protein has 20 different amino acids that are combined together to form complete proteins. Protein is all about quality
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Regarding Proteins: To reduce fat – lean cuts For more Omega 3’s
Salmon Tuna Eggs (with fortification) For more fiber Beans Vegetables Nuts So when choosing proteins keep in mind … Leaner is better Meats with omega 3 are good For more fiber beans and vegetables
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Carbohydrates: Primary function is to fuel the body.
Normal requirement grams Mayo Clinic suggest 225 grams or 900 calories Carbohydrates are fuel for the body Normal requirements 200 to 300 grams a day 225 grams equals 900 calories
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Carbohydrates are in: Whole grains Beans Fruit & Vegetables
Foods that contain carbs are Whole grains Beans fruits and vegetables
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Carbohydrates are also in:
Sweets Dairy Products Soft drinks Other foods to consider Candy Soda or soft drinks
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Fats: Fat requirements are given as a % of your daily calories.
20-35% of daily calories Saturated fats “bad fat” <10% Trans fats <1% of diet Fats should be 20 to 35% of your daily calories Saturated fats <10% a day Trans fats <1% a day
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Definitions to consider when thinking about fats:
Polyunsaturated – Class of animal & vegetable fats that are associated with low cholesterol count in the blood. Monosaturate – Class of fats that are associated with low cholesterol content of the blood. Trans fats are through a process of hydrogenation. Replacing saturated fats with unsaturated fats will help improve cholesterol levels. Polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fats are good. Trans fats are bad and are created by hydrogenation
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What is Hydrogenation? Hydrogen molecules are forced into a normally unsaturated fat molecule. Hydrogenation occurs when hydrogen molecules are forced onto a normally unsaturated fat molecule. To simplify this foods that use partially hydrogenated oils or hydrogenated oils will last longer. Cupcakes or candy bars
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Which oils are good for you?
Good Oils: Bad Oils: Olive oil Canola oil Flaxseed oil Avocado oil Walnut oil Sesame oil Grapeseed oil Coconut oil Palm oil Anything partially hydrogenated Trans Fats are in most processed foods. Foods that contain 0.5 grams of trans fats can be labeled 0 grams trans fat
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Trans Fats: Are usually in processed foods:
Margarines Cookies Snack foods Trans fats are found in abundance in “French fries” Trans fats LDL (bad) cholesterol and lower HDL the good cholesterol Trans Fats are in most processed foods. Foods that contain 0.5 grams of trans fats can be labeled 0 grams trans fat
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Omega 3: A form of polyunsaturated fats that are not made by the body & must be obtained from foods. Omega 3 fats are not made by our bodies so we must consume them.
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Fiber: Women: 25 grams/day Men: 38 grams/day
Substances such as cellulose lignin & pectin which are resistant to the action of digestive enzymes. Women require 25 grams of fiber a day Men 38 grams
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Sources of Fiber: Beans (all kinds) Sweet Potatoes Peas Prunes
Whole wheat flour Lettuce Chick peas Dark Leafy Greens Barley Broccoli Pumpkin Popcorn Bulgar Bran Raspberries Black Berries These are sources of fiber…most popular are green leafy vegetables and beans
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Definitions: GMO known as Genetically Modified Organism
Gluten free – A diet that excludes gluten a protein composite found in wheat, barley and rye. Other species too, spelt, kamut, and triticale GMO… genetically modified organism Gluten Free excludes gluten…. A protein found in wheat, barley and rye….. Others are spelt and kaput
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Cook Books:
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