1. U.S. History
“This session will be recorded for learning purposes. Learning purposes include: a lesson review for students who are absent, students who want to review for a test, etc.”

2. Unit 6: the Union in Crisis Objectives
Recognize the states that seceded from the Union and their reasons for doing so
Compare the political, geographical, and economical strengths and weaknesses of the North and the South in the war
Predict outcomes rooted in evidence

3. rate The number one reason for the cause of the Civil War
A) Cultural differences
B) State’s rights
C) Economic differences
D) Government disputes
E) Slavery

4. The Crisis - The creation of the Confederate States of America
The first seven southern states seceded from the Union when Abraham Lincoln was elected president in They believed he would not protect their right to slavery. South Carolina, Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, and Florida seceded.
The “seven” created the Confederate States of America (CSA) and elected Jefferson Davis as President.

5. The Justification
The Declaration of Independence – states that they had willing chose to be part of the Union but had no obligation to stay part of the Union if their rights were not being protected. The Declaration of Independence states that if a government is not doing its job of protecting the rights of the people then the people have the right to abolish that government and start a new one.
The Constitution protects people’s right to property. Slaves were their property. Constitution also protects state’s rights. The states have the right to create laws for their own state and have autonomy over their state.
The Tenth Amendment states the Constitution's principle of federalism by providing that powers not granted to the federal government by the Constitution, nor prohibited to the States, are reserved to the States or the people. The decision of slavery was not specifically spelled out in the Constitution belonging to the federal government so therefore the southern states believed that decision belonged to the states.
Highlight the justification you think is the strongest

6. The Crisis at Fort Sumter
The Union fort located in South Carolina was low on supplies ► Lincoln ordered for the fort to be resupplied
Lincoln ordered for Union troops not to fire upon the Confederates first ► leaving decision in fire CSA’s hands
Confederates started attacking the fort first before the resupply could occur ► leaving Union General Anderson and his soldiers no choice but to defend themselves and surrender the fort to the CSA

7. Lincoln’s Response to the Crisis at Fort SumTer
Lincoln called for 75,000 troops to fight to save the Union
Virginia, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Arkansas seceded as a result

8. The North vs. South The Union’s Strengths The Confederacy’s strengths
Which of these strengths do you think makes one side stronger?
The Union’s Strengths
The Confederacy’s strengths
Larger population – 22 million
Extensive system of railroads to connect towns and cities to transport goods and troops
Factories to produce guns, bullets, cannons, boots, uniforms, and other needed supplies. The Northern factories produced 90% of the nation’s goods
Border states - KY, MO, WV, MD, DE produced a lot crops too
Strong navy and a large fleet of trading ships and ports
Strong military leadership – Ulysses S. Grant and William T. Sherman and use of total warfare
Strong political leadership – A. Lincoln
African Americans joined the war effort. (54th Regiment) Black soldiers fought. Many were spies, navigation guides, and construction workers. They got paid half as much as white soldiers. Many African Americans believed that winning this war would end slavery.
Fighting a defensive war
“We seek no conquest, All we seek is to be let alone” -Jefferson Davis
Southerners felt they were fighting a war for independence, defending their homeland and their way of life which gave them a strong, uniting reason to fight
Geographical knowledge – knew the regions better than the northerners
The South has a lot of woodland areas and the southerners used it for cover against invading Union soldiers
Hometown advantage – help from locals, gave soldiers food, shelter, warnings, and knowledge of uncharted roads
Strong military leadership – Robert E. Lee and Stonewall Jackson
Produced crops for food for the troops and crops for trade for furnished goods from Europe. Britain heavily depended on southern cotton and at first sided with the CSA

9. The Union vs. The Confederacy Leadership
Abraham Lincoln
Jefferson Davis
Ulysses S. Grant
Robert E. Lee
William T. Sherman
Stonewall Jackson

10. The North Vs. South Weaknesses
The Union
The Confederacy
Fighting an offensive war - The North’s objective is to conquer and regain control of a vast amount of land
Less land knowledge and unfriendly locals
Few factories to make weapons and ammunition and other vital supplies – clothes, shoes, blankets, iron tools, etc
It had few railroads to transport goods and troops throughout the South
Smaller population – 9 million and 3 and ½ were slaves
Favored state’s rights over the central government which made it hard for the CSA to be united
Only had small merchant fleet
Inflation – printed too much money and not enough wealth to back it up
Which of these weaknesses is the most detrimental?

11. The Strategies The Union The Confederacy
Union blockade – Cut off South’s supplies from Europe- Since Europe bought crops and cotton from other countries too so the Union blockade prevented CSA from getting paid and supplies
East - Union aimed to take control of Richmond, VA – CSA capital
West – Union tried to gain control of Mississippi River
Total War – make everyone feel effects of war, destroy the South
Southerners would fight a defensive war until Union got tired of fighting
South counted on European loans and supplies received through trade (CSA had raw materials such as cotton, Europe needed cotton and traded for manufactured goods)
Invade the North - Southern victory on northern lands

12. USA vs CSA

13. What are you predictions for the war
What are you predictions for the war? Points will only be added if you can Provide evidence to back up your claim
Your Name
Your Prediction with evidence

14. Assignments due this week
5.10 Checkpoint
5.11 Unit 5 Test: Part 1
6.01 Checkpoint
6.02 Checkpoint
6.03 Assignment 6.03 Quiz