1. To Water and Soil Pollution
Real Solutions
To Water and Soil Pollution

2. Finding Solutions The USDA has created the following agencies:
With the help of Government Agencies and Programs dedicated to the protection of our valuable natural resources, we are becoming more aware about the choices we have in order to protect our urban water and soil from erosion and pollution.
The USDA has created the following agencies:
CSREES- Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service
FSA- Farm Service Agency
SWCDs- Soil and Water Conservation Districts
NRCS- Natural Resources Conservation Service
USDA Conservation Programs:
EQIP- Environmental Quality Incentives Program
CSP- Conservation Stewardship Program
CRP-Conservation Reserve Program
WRP- Wetland Reserve Program
CCP-Conservation Compliance Program

3. Erosion and Runoff Erosion & Runoff Problems:
One of the biggest problems affecting urban soil are erosion and runoff. Large developments often leave land bare for long periods of time, with natural vegetation removed. When streets and parking lots are installed, runoff from these impervious surfaces can run over the bare land causing massive erosion and pollution
Erosion & Runoff Problems:
Increases downstream flooding
Introduces pollutants to water supply
Chemicals are blown or washed into urban soils
Brownfields

4. Brownfields The EPA defines brownfields as:
Land that is so severely damaged by human abuse that the land is unusable without costly abatement efforts.
The EPA defines brownfields as:
“Abandoned, idled, or underused industrial or commercial facilities where expansion or redevelopment is complicated by real or perceived contamination”
Bioremediation:
The use of living things to reduce pollution
Soils can be seeded with soil bacteria
Use of hyperaccumulators : plants that absorb heavy metals

5. Controlling Construction Erosion& Sedimentation
Federal agencies like the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) have created and enforced more strict regulations to combat some of these urban problems by minimizing negative impacts during and after construction.
The Science & practices of erosion control (both water and wind) resemble those of erosion; but include 5 general principles:
Keep Disturbed Areas Small
Protect Disturbed Areas
Keep Runoff Velocities Low
Divert Runoff Away From Disturbed Sites
Retain Sediments On Site

6. Low Impact Development (LID)
Stormwater runoff remains an issue after development is complete.  LID is a land planning, and engineering design approach to manage stormwater runoff as part of green infrastructure. LID emphasizes conservation and use of on-site natural features to protect water quality. They develop areas to retain water and allow it to filter into the soil.
Designs include:
Porous Paving systems
Vegetation pockets
Swales/Bioswales
Recharge Basins
Rain Gardens
Green Roofs