1. Look carefully at each of these pictures
Look carefully at each of these pictures. Come up with 5 adjectives to describe the man in all of these pictures.

2. Germany’s Situation Post-WWI Treaty of Versailles
Treaty which ended WWI
Germany was not allowed to participate in the negotiations. All terms were decided by the Allies, mainly USA, France & England
France, in particular, wanted to punish Germany.
REASONS?

3. Terms of Treaty of Versailles
WAR GUILT
Germany was entirely to blame for causing WWI
LOSS OF TERRITORY
Germany lost all its overseas colonies
Germany lost 13% of its land
= about 6 million people
= 10% of its industry
= 15% of its agricultural land
REPARATIONS
Germany was required to pay for the damages caused by the war...connection to other clause?
MILITARY RESTRICTIONS
Air Force abolished
Army limited to soldiers
Navy limited to sailors, 6 battleships, no submarines
Rhineland (border region between Germany and France) to be occupied by Allies for 15 years --- no German troops allowed
How do you think the average German citizen reacted to these terms? Write down your response.

4. Great Depression in Numbers
The Great Depression
IMPACT ON GERMANY
Great Depression in Numbers
Massive Inflation
banks stopped operating
businesses bankrupt in 1932
Unemployed rose from 1.5 million to 12.8 million
Farm income and farmers’ wages fell by 50%

5. The Great Depression
The worthless German Deutschmarks were used as cooking fuel, wallpaper, and even kites. People often resorted to bartering

6. HITLER’S RISE TO POWER

7. Hitler’s Youth
Adolf Hitler was born in Braunau am Inn, a city in northern Austria near the border with Germany on April 20, 1889
His father, Alois Hitler, was a customs official and his mother, Klara Polzl had six children
Only Adolf and his younger sister Paula reached adulthood

8. Hitler’s Youth
Hitler had a very troubled childhood. His father often beat him and his mother
He developed a deep emotional attachment to his mother and resented his father
Hitler did well in elementary school, but never finished high school
His father died when Adolf was and his mother died 4 years later

9. Hitler’s Youth
Hilter desired to be an artist, but was twice rejected by the Academy of Fine Arts Vienna… they suggested his talents lied in the field of architecture
By 1909 he was living in a homeless shelter and later in a home for poor working men in Vienna

10. Hitler’s Anti-Semitism
From his youth, Hitler was a fierce German nationalist. He often questioned why German Austrians did not support Germany in past conflicts
In Vienna he is influenced by ideas and peoples which cement some of his anti-Jewish sentiments
A quote from Mein Kampf illustrates this…

11. “There were very few Jews in Linz…Once, when passing through the inner City, I suddenly encountered a phenomenon in a long caftan and wearing black side-locks. My first thought was: Is this a Jew? They certainly did not have this appearance in Linz. I carefully watched the man stealthily and cautiously but the longer I gazed at the strange countenance and examined it feature by feature, the more the question shaped itself in my brain: Is this a German?”

12. NAZIS 1919: Hitler joined German Workers’ Party
1920: Hitler was put in charge of propaganda
Changed party name to NAZI - Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei (National Socialist German Workers Party)
1921: Took over leadership of the party
Introduced the Swastika as
the NAZI symbol

13. MUNICH PUTSCH November 9, 1923 SA marched through Munich to overthrow
the government
Unsuccessful
Hitler was sent to jail for 8 months
During that time, he wrote Mein Kampf

14. Mein Kampf Means “My Struggle” or “My Battle”
Basically the story of Hitler’s life
Addresses his political goals for Germany
Focus on upholding the Aryan “master” race
Was a bestseller and increases his popularity

15. NAZIS grow in Popularity
Nazis gained increasing support by using the following to their advantage:
Propaganda
Posters & pamphlets
Nazi-owned newspapers
Mass rallies
Radio

16. NAZIS grow in Popularity
The SA (the Nazis personal army)
Would violently attack rival politicians/break up meetings
Attracted many unemployed to join their ranks
Hitler himself
Built himself up as a superman
Spoke very well and very convincingly
Nazi Programme
Blamed Jews for Germany’s problems  gave Germans someone to blame for their problems
Offered possibility of a powerful Germany
Promised work to the unemployed
Promised potential profits to business owners
Were extremely organised with skilled leaders in most areas

17. 25 POINT PROGRAM
Promoted the re-unification of the German people;
Promised better living conditions;
Denied Jews the right to citizenship of Germany.

18. STURMABTEILUNG aka the Brownshirts because their uniform was brown
NAZIs own political army
Made up of men who were also unhappy with the outcome of the Treaty of Versailles
Goal was to discourage other political groups from meeting – usually done violently

19. Expansion of the Nazi Party
SA expanded to reach into other parts of Germany
1926 creation of the SS (Schutzstaffel)/Secret Police

20. Expansion of the Nazi Party
Creation of the Hitler Youth & German Girls’ League

21. Expansion of the NAZI Party
Formation of the Nazi Student League, Teachers’ League, Women’s League, Physician’s League

22. 1930 Election
A lot of what the NAZI party stood (25 Point Programme) became much more appealing during the Great Depression.
Solutions seemed to be offered for the unemployed, the farmers, the middle class, & the young, directionless youth
Offered a reason for all the problems Germany was facing: the JEWS!

23. 1932 Elections
JULY
NAZIs get the most seats with over 13 million votes.
Hitler demands the Chancellorship as the leader of the political party with the most seats in the Reichstag.
The sitting Chancellor refused and asked Hindenburg to call another election.
NOVEMBER
NAZIs still win but with only 196 seats

24. Hitler Chancellor
Hindenburg wanted to be able to control Hitler and the NAZIs.
Hitler was appointed Chancellor in January.
By February, he called new elections.

25. Communists are accused of starting fire
Emergency “law”: no more freedom of speech or freedom of assembly; police have powers to search houses, confiscate property and detain people without trial
Concentration camp used to send opposing political party members, anti-Nazis, “undesirables.”
Hitler could pass laws without consent of Parliament (Reichstag) – essentially already a dictator.
Hitler saw Rohm as a threat to his power.
Oath of “unconditional obedience” to Hitler directly, not to Germany  gives Hitler absolute control over army
Hindenburg’s death = Hitler has supreme power in Germany

26. Votes for Nazi Party