1. Treatment of Minorities
Kitty, Jordan, Hayley

2. Historical Background
What was the existing sentiment towards Jews in Europe prior to the rise of the Nazi regime?
Medieval Europe
Anti-semitism in Reichstag around 1900s?
image: Adolf Stocker (Imperial Court Chaplain ): leader of the various right-wing anti-Semitic parties
Adolf Stocker, Imperial Court Chapain ( )

3. Social Factors
“The Jews are our misfortune.” - Heinrich von Treitschke
Outline factors that contributed to anti- Semitism in Germany
economic factors: Great Depression (circa 1933) and Jewish roles in German society/economy?
social factors: Social Darwinism?
Historiography: J. Noakes
By 1914, anti-semitism permeated throughout German society from Kaiser down to lower middle class; entrenched in academic community, could influence future generations

4. Nazi anti-Semitism 1919-33 What was the ‘stab in the back’ myth?
“...the personification of the devil as the symbol of all evil assumes the living shape of the Jew”
-excerpt from Mein Kampf
What was the ‘stab in the back’ myth?
How did this theory “justify” people’s hatred towards the Jews?
What was Hitler’s personal view of Jews?
To what extent did Hitler’s anti-semitic views play a role in Nazi accession of power?

5. Gradualism 1933-9: Legal discrimination
Even in the earlier years, why was the German campaign against the Jews largely unopposed?
What is a gradualist approach?
How did the one-day boycott of Jewish businesses in April 1933 contribute to the adaptation of this approach?
(1935) What were the Nuremberg Laws?
Reich Citizenship Law stripped Jews of German citizenship

6. Gradualism: Propaganda and indoctrination
What was the goal of Nazi anti-semitic propaganda?
Who played a key role in this racist propaganda?
What were methods used to achieve this goal?
In what ways were the German youth influenced?
“The Eternal Jew”

7. Gradualism: Terror and violence
What role did the SA play in the early years of the regime in attacking Jews?
(1934) How did the Night of the Long Knives change the way Jews were treated under the Nazi regime?
(March 1938) How was the union with Austria a turning point for the treatment of Jews?
Kristallnacht (“Night of Broken Glass”)
Vienna attacks
Synagogue on fire during Kristallnacht

8. Gradualism: Force emigration
What countries did the Jews emigrate to?
What did the Central Office for Jewish Emigration (est. 1938) do?
Successes?
Adolf Eichmann

9. War and Genocide
How did the war affect the movement of the Jewish people in Europe?
What did the Nazis create to “resettle” the Jews?
What events changed the Nazis control over the Jews in different countries?
How did these events change the Nazis action toward Jews?
What is the SS Einstazgruppen?
What is the Final Solution?
When and why did it start?
How did the concentration camps work?
1943, “He is guilty for the war”

10. Gypsies Context: who were the gypsies? how did they get to Germany?
Why were Gypsies viewed as outsiders?
how did these aspects of Gypsy life make them “inferior”?
How did the government and important leaders contribute to racism against gypsies?
How were gypsies captured?

11. Jehovah’s Witness Why were they targeted?
How did the Nazi Government target the Jehovah’s Witnesses?
How did the Jehovah’s Witnesses retaliate?
what actions did the Nazi’s take against the retaliations?
What was life in camp for them like?
“Helene Gotthold, a Jehovah's Witness, was beheaded for her religious beliefs on December 8, 1944, in Berlin. She is pictured with her children. Germany, June 25, 1936.”

12. 1:28-2:08

13. Other non-Jewish victims
Who else was negatively affected by the Nazi regime?
How was each group specifically ridiculed?
Why was each group targeted?

14. Key Debate: Historiography
Essential Question: “ Why did the Holocaust happen and who was responsible?”
Intentionalist vs. Structuralist Schools of Thought
What are limitations of each school's of thought?
Wannsee Conference (1942):
villa owned by SS at the Berlin lakeside suburb of Wannsee

15. Conclusion and Recap Methods used to persecute the Jews:
social discrimination: propaganda (i.e. literature, film, radio):
legal discrimination: Nuremberg Laws
Terror and violence (i.e. Kristallnacht, Vienna attacks)
Forced emigration: Central Office of Jewish Emigration
Extermination camps: mass shootings, gas chambers
What were successes, failures and results of Nazi anti-Semitism?
To what extent did Hitler adhere to his ideology?
Compare and contrast treatment of minorities under Stalin and Hitler: Who were the targets? Methods? Racial ideology?

16. Bibliography http://www.stop-homophobia.com/gayholocaust.jpg pg