1. Thermag VII Torino Italy
ELICiT EU PROJECT
September 14th. 2016

2. Magnetic refrigeration for domestic appliances : Regulatory challenges
EU regulatory and standard framework
Focus on new international test standard IEC :
Test methodology
Conclusions

3. Regulatory Context : main requirements

4. EU Regulatory Context Essential requirements Safety Security
Environmental issues

5. Main EU regulations applicable to Magnetic Refrigerator

6. Main standards applicable to Magnetic Refrigerator

7. EU Energy Labeling Influence end-user’s choice
Delegated Regulation 2010/1060/EU
Introduce Energy classification

8. EU ECO Design/Energy Related Product
Minimum requirements
Fixed by implementing Regulation 643/2009
Scales are different for Compression type & Absorption type
Magnetic refrigerator type can follow the same restriction that compression type

9. EU Machinery & Low Voltage directives
Risks assessment due to moving components
Risks assessment due to electric components
Applicable to Magnetic refrigerator: Magnetocaloric material Motion system

10. EU EMC Directive Compliant electromagnetic disturbance
Emission : Do not disturb other appliances
Immunity : Is not disturb by other appliances
Applicable to Magnetic Cooling System

11. EU WEEE Producer responsibilities
Prevention of WEEE by re-use, recovery…
Compliance ensured by EEE Symbol
EEE Symbol
All materials can be re-use and/or recover

12. Other EU Directives : Rohs & Reach
Prototype not include Rohs restricted materials (Lead, Mercury, Cadmium, … )
Reach regulation
All materials out of Reach restriction
Further studies have to be performed concerning toxicity of the magnetocaloric material which is made of LaFe(13)Si(1-x)Co(x).

13. Other requirements Storage Temperature Coolant toxicity
Respect general storage temperature required in the Food Law
Evaluate conformity by initiating a cartography procedure
Coolant toxicity
The coolant (non-drinkable water) may contain adjuvant – Contact with foodstuffs in case of knife defrosting ?

14. Focus on new int. test standard IEC : 62552-2015
This standard replaces the current ISO15502 / IEC62552:2007 standard and is referred to as IEC ,-2,-3:2015.
This new global standard should not be confused with the EN62552:2013 standard at European level. This is actually an update of the older EN153/ISO standard and addresses a number of smaller issues, while the new standard at global level includes significant changes compared to the present standard. The process of converting the new global IEC standard to a European version is ongoing within CENELEC.
Most dominant changes which impact the energy consumption are listed in the following table :
Item
EN 62552
New global standard
Ambient Temperature [°C]
25°C
16°C and 32 °C. The annual energy consumption is to be calculated from Etotal= f{Edaily-16°C, Edaily-32°C} . where f is a function to be regionally defined.
For example:
Etotal= F*365* Edaily-16°C+ (1-F)*365*Edaily-32°C, where F is a linear interpolation factor. F= 0 gives the 32°C results and F= 1 the 16°C results.

15. Impact of global standard 62552-2015
Item
EN 62552
New global standard
Fresh Food target
5°C
4°C
Frozen Food Target
Temperature (3 and 4 star
compartments) [°C]
-18 °C
(warmest
Package)
-18 average temperature of 5 or more
distributed temperature sensors (no packages)
From the list above, it can be seen that, at equal ambient temperatures, fridges will consume more as the reference temperature has dropped from 5 to 4°C. (approximately 5% at 25°C amb temperature)
Products with perfect compartment temperature control benefit from the new standard compared to products with less perfect control, having temperatures below target value when the ambient temperature deviates from 25°C.
The fraction to take from each test is not defined in the new global standard but is left to each global region to define. This allows taking into account specific climate conditions.
Effect that interpolation of 25°C gives a higher consumption than an actual test at 25°C (estimated at 7 % for fridges)

16. Prototypes benchmarking
A map for different groups working on the magnetocaloric refrigeration around the world (left), and the maximum obtained temperature span (right).
Osmann Sari & Mohamed Balli, Intern. Journal of Refrig., Vol. 37, January 2014

17. Performance comparison
(Roudaut et al., Thermag IV, 2010)

18. Test methodology

19. Test methodology
Appliance energy efficiency defined by regulation ... regardless of whether it is gas compressor based, absorption system or magnetic refrigeration. There may be some differences in the details of execution (Cemafroid has examined this) but this definition is otherwise straightforward.
Comparison of energy performance of different magnetic cooling engines needs to:
take into account different cooling power
take into account different operating span
relate back to thermodynamic absolute efficiency (Carnot)
Is it useful to compare the efficiency and energy consumption of specific energy consuming components within different magnetic cooling engines solutions :
pumps
motors
fans

20. Conclusion
Performance of prototype depending on several design considerations
mass, type and shape of refrigerant
regenerator geometry
magnetic field strength
Coolant (type, flow rate)
operating frequency
etc.
Test methodology developed by Cemafroid is compatible in any case
Reliability of the systems needs to be improved in order to build a robust energy labelling scheme

21. Thank You. Thomas Michineau thomas. michineau@cemafroid
Thank You! Thomas Michineau Gérald Cavalier elicit-project.eu #MagneticCooling