1. GOES-R Direct Readout Implications Richard G
GOES-R Direct Readout Implications Richard G. Reynolds GOES-R Ground Segment Project
6th GOES User Conference
“Session 5: GOES-R User Readiness”
8:30-10:15 am / Wednesday November 4
An update of the presentation to the Direct Readout Users Conference
By Wilfred E. Mazur Jr. - December 11, 2008

2. Topics Multi-Use Data Link (MDL) Direct Readout Services
GOES-R Program Status
New Instruments for GOES-R
GOES-R Frequency Plan
Implications to Communications Services
GRB and Dual Polarization
GRB Receive Systems
EMWIN & LRIT Become HRIT/EMWIN
Emulated GVAR (eGVAR)
DCS
SARSAT
Multi-Use Data Link (MDL)

3. Direct Readout Services Overview
GOES Rebroadcast (GRB)
Emulated GOES Variable (eGVAR)
High Rate Information Transmission / Emergency Managers Weather Information Network (HRIT/EMWIN)
Data Collection System
(DCS)
Search and Rescue Satellite Aided Tracking
(SARSAT)

4. GOES-R Program Status
Instrument Contracts – ABI / SUVI / EXIS / SEISS / GLM
All Under Contract
Spacecraft Contract
July – Lockheed-Martin
Denver, Colorado NNG J, NNG R /
Ground Segment Contract
May 27, 2009 – Harris Corporation
Melbourne, Florida DG133E-08-RP-0068
Antenna System Acquisition
October 22, 2009 – Proposals Received and Undergoing Evaluation
GOES-R Access Subsystem (GAS) / Ancillary Data Relay System (ADRS) / HRIT/EMWIN “Domain-5” Upgrade / Data Collection System IF Compatibility
RFP to be Released Soon
GOES-R Launch Readiness Date GOES-S Launch Readiness Date
September February 2017

5. GOES-R System Configuration
GOES-West
137° West
GOES-East
75° West
Data
Command & control, data
Direct Readout Users
Data
Remote
Backup (RBU) Facility
Fairmont, WV
Command & control, data
NOAA
Satellite Operations Facility (NSOF)
Suitland, MD
Wallops Command and Data Acquisition Station (WCDAS)
Wallops, VA
GOES-R System Configuration
06/19/2008 v2 5 5

6. Instrument Performance

7. Instrument Data Delivery

8. Instrument Raw Data Rate Comparison

9. GOES-R Frequency Plan DOWNLINKS UPLINKS
(RAW DATA DOWNLINK AT 8220 MHz NOT SHOWN)
HRIT/EMWIN
BPSK
MHz
DCPC
CDMA
MHz
MHz
DCPR
FDM
MHz
MHz
CDA
Telemetry
BPSK
MHz
DSN
Telem & Rng
BPSK/PM
MHz
SAR
FDM
MHz
GRB
(dual pol)
MHz
Radiosondes
1675 to 1683 MHz
470
1545
1670
1675
1680
1685
1690
1695
1700
2210
DCPC
CDMA
MHz
MHz
UPLINKS
Command
BPSK
MHz
EMWIN-LRIT
BPSK
MHz
GRB
(dual pol)
MHz
DCPR
FDM/8PSK
401.9 MHz
402.2 MHz
SAR
FDM/Bi-Φ
MHz
Command
and Ranging
BPSK
MHz
400
405
2025
2030
2035
7210
7215
7220
7225

10. GOES[-R] Rebroadcast (GRB)
Provides full resolution products from all instruments
All data will be calibrated and navigated (“Level 1b”)
Except … GLM will be higher level products (“Level 2+”)
“Events,” “Groups,” and “Flashes”
Replaces current GVAR service
31 Mbps vs. 2.1 Mbps
15.5 Mbps/polarizationplus coding overhead
NRZ-M and Randomized
Direct Readout (DRO) receive systems specified for same size antennas (G/T of 15.2 dB/K), however with significant changes:
New center frequency MHz vs MHz
High-level modulation (e.g. QPSK, OQPSK or 8-PSK, TBD) vs. BPSK
Dual polarization – requiring feed changes and dual receiver chains
CCSDS packet formatting

11. GOES[-R] Rebroadcast (GRB) (Continued)
Forward error detection coding (Rate 3/5 BCH/LDPC) to reduce required C/No.
DVB-S2 link characteristics and compatibility under consideration
System specified for 2.5 dB margin
Left-Hand Circular Polarization (LHCP) to provide
ABI … 0.64, 3.9, , 7.34, 11.2, 12.3, 13.3 micron channels
Right-Hand Circular Polarization (RHCP) to provide
Remaining nine ABI channels, plus all other instruments

12. GRB 99.99% Availability Coverage
0.01% Exceedence of 22 dB interference level based on “Initial Bound Equation” determined by the conducted measurements and the ITU-R 0.01% rain rate for given areas in the GOES antenna footprint.
Interference Level
Interference level could be exceeded in the DARK BLUE area
GOES West
GOES East
Some locations near the equator may experience a reduced, but positive, margin under expected worst case conditions

13. One Concept for a GRB Small User Receive System
Antenna
&
Feed
Downconverter
Data
&
Demodulator
Aggregator
Filter
LNA 90
deg
Hybrid
RHCP
Demodulator
Data
Handling
Filter
LNA
LHCP
Demodulator
Storage
DVB-S2* PCI Card Receiver
~$750/polarization
$~300 for a PCI-Card
$450 for an equivalent new PC from Dell
Data Aggregator

14. Emulated GVAR (eGVAR)
As a contingency capability, and to give users additional time to transition from GVAR to GRB, eGVAR will provide GOES-R Imagery to Users capable of receiving today’s GVAR data stream
Will be broadcast through a GOES I/P Series Satellite
The signal will have the GVAR characteristics:
Same transmit frequency ( MHz) and power levels
Same GVAR data rate (2.11 Mbps) and format
Five Similar Imager channel wavelengths (Based on ABI channels 0.64, 4.9, 6.19, 11.2, µm)
Imagery will be mapped to GOES NOP temporal and spatial resolution
No Sounder data
One full-earth disk every 30-minutes
No Mesoscale data – No “Rapid Scan;” No “Super Rapid Scan”

15. Emulated GVAR (eGVAR) (Continued)
Not an option for long-term use
Will only be operational based on assessments of end user readiness near the time for GOES-R operations:
Presumes a spare satellite is available
Users must not be lax in preparing for actual GOES-R (i.e., GRB) readiness

16. GOES-I/P Series Satellite
GRB & eGVAR Flows
GOES-R Satellite
GOES-I/P Series Satellite
GOES-N/O/P RF
GOES-N/O/P SSGS
Product Generation
GRB
Product Gen
eGVAR & GRB
Legend
Instrument Raw Data downlink
GRB relay uplink
eGVAR relay uplink
GRB RF Broadcast
eGVAR RF Broadcast
Terrestrial/Network Comm
eGVAR User
GRB User

17. HRIT/EMWIN
Successor to individual Low Rate Image Transmission broadcast (LRIT) and the Emergency Managers Weather Information Network broadcast (EMWIN) combined onto one carrier.
Frequency change from MHz/ MHz to MHz
Higher data rate … 921 Kbps
Provides growth path for both Services to a combined 400 Kbps
LRIT currently 128 Kbps
EMWIN currently:
9.6 Kbps (GOES 11&12), 19.2 Kbps for GOES
Will utilize BPSK modulation w/ convolutional and Reed-Solomon coding
Same as LRIT, but higher data rate
Allows maximum EIRP from satellite due to Power Spectral Density restrictions
EMWIN Users modulation type changes from uncoded FSK (GOES I-M) and from coded OQPSK (GOES-NOP) to coded BPSK at much higher data rate.

18. HRIT/EMWIN (Continued)
Name change to High Rate Information Transmission (HRIT) required by CGMS categorization of services
Virtual Channel Data Units used to separate HRIT and EMWIN data
CCSCS Virtual channels as used in LRIT today
Prototype “Software Defined Radio” developed and demonstrated:
One hardware/software configuration can receive all current and future EMWIN, LRIT and HIRT/EMWIN signals with NO hardware changes or upgrades (GOES I-S compatible). No user transition necessary.
Technology demonstration to proves low cost, PC-based terminals are possible for all data rates and modulation types
Performance data, Hardware design and software design is available on .GOV
Development performed for GOES-R Program by Aerospace Corp.
Presentation and Demonstrations provided last night

19. HRIT/EMWIN Ground Data Flow (Per satellite)
Comm Processor
(Domain 4)
HRIT/EMWIN
CCSDS
TCP/IP
Ant./RF
NSOF
WCDAS
RF Up/Down
RBU
Uplink Processor
(Domain 5)
IF Modulation
IF Switch
TCP/IP (B/U)
GOES-R GS
HRIT/EMWIN Uplink & Signal Monitoring
EMWIN
From
NWS
HRIT
ESPC

20. GOES Data Collection System

21. GOES Data Collection System
GOES-DCS consists of two communication Services:
Data Collection Platform Receive (DCPR)
Data Collection Command (DCPC) … Previously “Interrogate” (DCPI)
GOES-R will support the ongoing evolution toward greater channel efficiency and system capacity
Narrower DCPR channel assignments allowing both East and West satellites to each support 200 simultaneous platform signals, with a total system capacity of about 72,000 platforms
A new DCPC service, based on CDMA techniques, currently in prototype development. This user-funded development concept will allow one command channel on each GOES NOP Series satellite and two channels on each GOES-R Series satellite
Direct Broadcast of DCPR to User systems having 15.0 G/T will continue to be supported, but ….

22. GOES Data Collection System (Continued)
Summary of Changes to GOES-DCS for GOES-R Series:
DCP uplink transmit power reduced, in accordance with latest DCP Certification Specifications
DCPR uplink frequencies will be unchanged
DCPR Downlink frequencies will be shifted from MHz to MHz
Will require change in channel demodulator frequency
DCPI becomes DCPC:
Will be compatible with on-going User-funded developments compatible with current satellites
Able to support a second DCPC channel

23. SARSAT

24. SARSAT
Signal characteristics of the SARSAT service will be slightly modified for GOES-R:
Up and down-link center frequencies remain the same
GOES-R will transpond, rather than re-modulate, the up-link band
Will require configuration changes to the LUT receiver
To account for degraded Beacons, GOES-R will operate with 32 dBm uplink power (versus 36 dBm for GOES-NOP)
Provides improved capability to support beacons with weak signals
Transponder will also operate with a minimum of 10 uplink beacons simultaneously
Conforms to COSPAS/SARSAT Specification T001, Issue 3 Revision 8 dated Nov 2007

25. Other Changes of Potential Interest
All raw instrument data will be transmitted to the ground in X-Band vs. today’s S-Band
X-band provides ‘spot beam’ geographical coverage vs. hemispheric
Processed to Level 1B and re-broadcast to users via the GRB link
Diagnostic telemetry will be available via a new higher data rate telemetry link (32 Kbps)
“CDA” telemetry downlink changes from MHz to MHz
The Multi-use Data Link (MDL) is eliminated for GOES-R Series

26. Summary
System requirements, communications requirements, and the Ground Segment architecture have been defined for the entire system, including Direct Readout Services
Detailed definition of communication link characteristics have not yet been fully finalized and will be refined through the Spacecraft and Ground Segment contract design processes … However the GOES-R baseline is:
GRB will replace all current forms of instrument data broadcast:
Full resolution
Geo-located
Calibrated
In essentially real-time
EMWIN and LRIT will be combined and enhanced to a higher data rate on a new downlink frequency – HRIT/EMWIN
DCS will remain largely the same, however DCPR downlink in L-Band will have a frequency shift
SARSAT will be essentially unchanged

27. Summary (Continued)
Documentation for the Direct Readout User community will be produced by the GOES-R Ground System contractor as CDRLs.
Of particular note, the GS Contractor (Harris Corporation) will be developing a Product User's Guide (PUG) that will include a section on building a GRB receive system

28. 10/14/2017
Back-up

29. GOES N/O/P Frequency Plan
DOWNLINKS
EMWIN
QPSK
MHz
Radiosondes use
1675 to 1683 MHz
LRIT
BPSK
MHz
CDA Telem
Bi-Φ
MHz
DCPI
BPSK
MHz
and ± 12.5 kHz
DSN Telem
BPSK/PM
MHz
SAR
FDM
MHz SD
UQPSK
MHz
MDL
QPSK
MHz
PDR
BPSK
MHz
DCPR
FDM/8PSK
MHz
MHz
470
1545
1670
1675
1680
1685
1690
1695
1700
2210
EMWIN
QPSK
MHz
UPLINKS
Command
BPSK
MHz
PDR
2.11 Mbps
MHz
DCPI
BPSK
MHz
MHz
MHz
DCPR
FDM/8PSK
401.9 MHz
402.2 MHz
LRIT
BPSK
MHz
SAR
FDM/Bi-Φ
MHz
MHz
400
405
2025
2030
2035