1. ZOOLOGY HONOURS STUDENTS February 2011
LIBRARY TRAINING: WHERE & HOW TO FIND INFORMATION FOR YOUR RESEARCH PROJECT Pavlinka Kovatcheva, UJ Sciences Librarian, APK
ZOOLOGY HONOURS STUDENTS
February 2011

2. PRESENTATION OUTLINE 1. Introduction 2. Zoology Subject Portal
Library orientation
- Library Support to Honours Students
- Library Webpage
- Library Catalogue (incl. NEW Dewey System for books)
4. Steps in online searching
5. Searching techniques
Electronic Databases & Internet
Reference Techniques
Conclusion

3. LIBRARY WEBSITE: http://www. uj. ac
LIBRARY WEBSITE: SCIENCES LIBRARIAN PORTAL:

4. UJ Sciences Librarian Portal http://ujsciencelibrarian.pbworks.com/

5. Zoology Subject Portal http://ujsciencelibrarian.pbwiki.com/Zoology

6. Library Support to Honours Students
Sciences Librarian Portal & Geography Subject Portal
Subject Librarian Help with Training, Queries & Searches
Course Reserves (books/articles on reserve)
MyUJLink (your library account)
Inter Campus Loan & Inter Library Loan (via Pavlinka)
Getting started with your Research Assignment
- Managing your Literature References (RefWorks)
- Plagiarism: How to avoid it?
- Citing and Referencing (Harvard method)
Accessing Information Resources (Library Databases- REMOTE ACCESS)
Accessing Information Resources requires a library PIN

7. Access to Library Resources (via Zoology Portal)

8. Log-in to the Library Resources: PIN

9. LIBRARY CATALOGUE: UJLink

10. New Classification System for Books: Dewey 590 Zoological Sciences

11. New Classification System for Books: Dewey 570 Life Sciences

13. Starting your Research Project
You have been given a Research topic and you need to start searching for information.
Before you do that you need to think about your topic. Why?
Analysing the topic will help you focus your search
It will make you think about issues around the topic
Develop several questions that you plan to answer, because your questions will become topic sentences for your outline

14. Identify the Key Concepts and Keywords
By determining the key concepts and keywords before searching on a topic, you save your time.
For example, your Topic is: “Fish histology as a biomarker of aquatic pollution”.
Next decide on concepts and keywords for searching
fish histology; biomarker; aquatic pollution
- Use synonyms or related keywords
They will become basis of your search strategy

15. Boolean Search Operators
When searching the UJ Library Catalogue, the Databases or the Internet websites, using Boolean Operators helps you broaden or narrow your search and its results.
AND narrows your search
For example: Fish histology AND biomarker will retrieve information in which both keywords are used
OR broadens your search
You will retrieve results in which either word or both appear in the article
For example: oxystele variagata OR o impervia ; oxystele variagata OR variegated topshel
NOT excludes certain terms
Your search results will exclude the term after NOT
Phrase Search
Use the quotation marks to search for results that contained those words together, rather than search for all instances of each separate word

16. Example for a Search Strategy

17. Finding the Information you need
The information for your assignment can be found in
Books (print & electronic)
Journals and journal article (print & electronic)
Dictionaries & Encyclopedias, Handbooks
Internet Resources , etc.
Those resources can be access through the Sciences Librarian portal, Subject Specific Portals or the Main Library website

18. Finding Information in Reference Works
For background, basic information consider:
- UJ Library catalogue: to search for print general and subject specific encyclopedias, handbooks, and other reference books.
- Databases: to search for Online Reference works, such as: Oxford Reference Online, Oxford English Dictionary, AccessScience, Combined Chemical Dictionary, etc.

19. Finding Information in Books (Print & Electronic)
Find books for overview & retrospective information on the Assignment topic
For Print Books search the UJ Library Catalogue. Recommended books are also placed on the Reserve “Short Loan” Collection (Library Foyer). Used only in the Library for 2h.
For Online Books search the Databases.
CRC ENVIROnetBASE Online Books on Ecology, Ecosystems, etc. (Remote Access, Multiple users)
MyiLibrary

20. HOW TO FIND SPECIFIC JOURNALS IN PRINT AND ONLINE: : UJLink
Search for Print & Electronic Journals per TITLE

21. HOW TO FIND SPECIFIC JOURNALS IN PRINT AND ONLINE: A-to-Z LIST
Search for Online & Print JOURNAL

22. Journals search: A-to-Z LIST

25. Finding Current Information in Online Databases Journal Articles Search
You are required to search for Journal Articles References (current/ latest information on a subject, print or online)
Consider the use of the Online Databases available in the library. For example:
Parasitology Databases (1 user; abstracts with some full-text links)
ISI Science Citation Index (Bibliographic)
ScienceDirect (full-text articles from 1995+)
SpringerLink (full-text articles from vol.1)
Wiley Online Library (full-text articles from 1997+)
Cambridge Journals Online (full-text 1997+, incl. “Parasitology” journal)
EbscoHost (full-text + abstracts only)
More databases available on the Zoology Subject Portal:

26. Zoology Databases: Search for Academic Articles

27. How to Search the Online Databases for Journal Articles
Go to the Sciences Librarian Portal or to Zoology Subject Portal
Click on: Top Zoology Databases
If you are off-campus your Surname & Student number gives you an access;
Click on a relevant Database to get started with your search. (see the suggested databases)
If the Database opens with a list of individual Databases, please choose the ones you would like to search-in and click on Search/Continue;
The databases have Basic and Advanced search screen options;
NOTE: Each database can be searched with the help of THESAURES, TOPICS, INDEXES.

28. How to Search the Online Databases for Journal Articles
In the Search/Find box, type the terms/keywords representing your topic (For South African information, please add “South Africa” as a keyword)
You can combine your keywords with the Boolean operators (AND, OR, NOT) to narrow or broaden your search;
Additional limitations, which can narrow your search results are: full-text articles only, years you want to search, type of documents you want to retrieve (scholarly journals; magazines, books, dissertations, etc.).
If no results are displayed, check your spelling, change your keywords, use less keywords, add a keyword or use a synonym for the keyword;

30. Parasitology Database (1user)
SEARCH BY USING VARIOUS KEYWORDS

31. Results list
Search Terms Used
Abstracts
Ranking of results
Links to UJLink

37. RefWorks An online research management, writing and collaboration tool --  to help researchers easily gather, manage, store and share all types of information, as well as generate citations and bibliographies

38. Finding & Evaluating Information on Internet
You are asked to cite no more than 3 Internet Resources
How to evaluate Internet Resources?
- Author (person or organisation) Look at the URL for: ac, edu, gov, org… websites
Content (reliable, accurate, objective, the user group)
Layout (functional and practical, etc.)
Date (how recent is the information)

40. Organising & Evaluating Your References/Information
Information Overload? Not enough references for the Assignment?
Plan your Search Strategy (keywords, Booleans, Databases)
Make sure you keep track of your references (print, save full-text)
Evaluate the sources you have found, paying attention to their relevance, purpose, value, accuracy, and authors’ credibility.
Remember that Internet sources should also be evaluated for bias and inaccuracies, and you should pay attention to whether the sites present facts or opinions.
As you start to create an outline of your project or paper, note areas where you need more information.
Organise your information so you find what you need, when you need it

41. Don’t forget to Gather Citations for your References (Reference instructions at the end of the Presentation)
As you’re doing research, you should write down bibliographic information (author, title, publisher, date of publication, etc.). This will enable you to be prepared to create a “References” list.
In books, you’ll find this information collected on a “title page,” one of the first few pages.
Online journals print this information at the top/bottom of the page.
Print journals usually have this information on their covers.
Web pages are inconsistent about this information, so ask for help if you have trouble locating it.

42. SEARCHING TECHNIQUES SEARCH STRATEGY Understand what is required
Identify the concepts
Translate the concepts into keywords
BOOLEAN OPERATORS ( AND, OR , NOT)
TRUNCATION ( * )
WILDCARD CHARACTER ( ? )
PHRASE SEARCH ( “ “ )
USE OF PARENTHESIS ( )

43. BOOLEAN OPERATORS: AND, OR , NOT
DEFINITIONS OF BOOLEAN OPERATORS
Boolean operators are the words used to group, combine, or intersect terms when searching databases. Boolean operators provide a way to tell a computer how to combine your keywords/ terms. In other words, they refer to the logical relationship among search terms.
The operators used more frequently are AND & OR and not so frequently NOT. They are used to combine search terms to broaden or narrow the results of a search.
OR is more, AND is less.

44. AND means "I want only documents that contain both words."
BOOLEAN OPERATOR: AND
Using AND tells the database to look for all the words on either side of the AND. Thus, a search for "success AND adult learners AND distance education" would retrieve only records in which every one of the terms appears.
The more words you connect with AND, the fewer records the database will retrieve.
AND means "I want only documents that contain both words."

45. BOOLEAN OPERATOR: OR OR
The more terms or concepts we combine in a search with OR logic, the more records we will retrieve.
Using OR tells the database to look for any one of the words on either side of the OR.
Thus, a search for "success OR achievement OR progress OR goals" would retrieve records in which any one of the terms appears.
OR means "I want documents that contain either word; I don't care which word."

46. BOOLEAN OPERATOR: NOT
Although NOT is considered a connector, it probably should be called
"The Eliminator." Use it very carefully, as it excludes any terms that follow it.
You may end up losing valuable information when you use NOT.
NOT logic is used to exclude a particular concept/term. We retrieve only records in which ONLY ONE of the terms is present.

47. PHRASE SEARCHING (“ ”)
Phrase searching, use the quotation marks to search for results that contained those words together, rather than search for all instances of each separate word:
Exercise: Search ISI Science Citation index, ScienceDirect for:
“fish histology” and then for fish histology (without quotation marks)
“aquatic pollution” and then without the quotation marks

48. Click on: Reference Techniques OR
To access full Reference Techniques document, go to the Library main page:
Click on: Reference Techniques OR
Consult the reference techniques from
“African Zoology”
Online full-text access: SA E-Publications or Academic Search Complete (EbscoHost)

49. REFERENCE TECHNIQUES: TERMINOLOGY
Citation: recognizing resources in-text (to support an “argument”/conclusion)
Reference list: List of resources used – bibliographic details
Bibliography: list of relevant documents – used and additional reading material

50. Linking own ideas with that obtained from sources
REFERENCE TECHNIQUES
Avoid Plagiarism by:
Keeping a record of all the sources - books, s, lectures (when, who, what?)
Linking own ideas with that obtained from sources
Collecting/using a wide range of sources
Acknowledge, acknowledge, acknowledge!

51. Basic in-text referencing (citing)
In-text reference where the author of the source is known
Simply use whatever you used as author in the reference, as well as the year of publication. Always insert the page number where possible.
Examples:
…the result of this is a “technical super identity” (Erikson, 1967:20).
Azar and Martin (1999) found that… (As part of the sentence)
…thus Cox (1966:52) refers to the modern urbanite as…
In-text reference to more than one source:
In-text reference to more than one author should be ordered alphabetically.
More recent studies (Bartlett, 1992; James, 1998) show that…
The researchers (Bartlett, 1992:54; Brown, 1876:56; James, 1998:45) refer to…

52. GENERAL FORMS FOR REFERENCE LISTS
Non-periodical
Author, A.A. (1994). Title of work. Location: Publisher.
Non-periodicals include items published separately: books, reports,brochures, certain monographs, manuals, and audiovisual media.
Part of a Non-periodical
Author, A.A. & Author, B.B. (1994). Title of chapter. In Title of book. Edited by Editor, A., Editor, B. & Editor, C. Location: Publisher.
Periodical
Author, A.A., Author, B.B. & Author, C.C. (1994). Title of article. Title of periodical, xx:xxx-xxxx. (Volume/Issue number/Pages)
Periodicals include items published on a regular basis: journals, magazines, scholarly newsletters, etc.
Online periodical
Author, A.A., Author, B.B. & Author, C.C. (2000). Title of article. Title of periodical, xx:xxx-xxxx. (Volume/Issue number/Pages) Available from: web address (Accessed day Month year).
Online document
Author, A.A. (2000). Title of work. Available from: web address (Accessed day Month year).