1. Unit 7 – Industrial Revolution
MWH-5.3/5.4

2. I. New Fences Agricultural Rev. began in GB in early 1700s
Landowners bought land
Crop rotation increased output
Better livestock increased output
Better food means more healthier people means larger population
Eventually used machines to plant
Led to high unemployment b/c less workers were needed

3. II. Resources Power sources Iron Ore Rivers Ports Water Coal
To make machines
Rivers
To move people
To move goods
Ports
Wonderful for shipping goods

4. II. Resources Strong banking system Strong and stable gov’t
Funds to invest
Strong and stable gov’t
Supported the new businesses

5. III. Revolution Begins
New inventions allow textiles to be 1st industry
Steam engines help power new factories
Better transportation allows for growth
Railroads change everything
Movement of people and goods
Towns grow to cities b/c train stops there and business opportunities
People move to town

6. IV. Not so good changes… Filthy conditions
Poor sanitation leads to disease
Life expectancy drops in factory towns
Dangerous working conditions
Long hours
Low pay
Lots of accidents

7. V. Good Changes Most make more £’s ($’s)
Not a lot, but more
Middle class grows and some become more wealthy than the nobles
More goods and services for everyone
Including other countries buying British goods
Eventually better housing, clothing, diets, health care, education, etc.

8. VI. Effects Industrialized nations are strong and wealthy
Europe is able to begin to conquer Africa and Asia
Raw materials
New markets
Known as imperialism
Leads to LOOOOOOTS of competition b/w European nations

9. VII. Free Market Economy
Economic system in which prices are freely set based on supply and demand, w/little to no interference from the gov’t
No such thing exists
Nations were looking for new markets to sell their products
Leads to market economies

10. VII. Free Market Economy
Cool products raise supply and demand across the world
Supply – how much of a good or service exists
Demand – how much of a good or service people want
GB, US, Germany, and Japan begin to fulfill that demand

11. VIII. Ind. Rev. in USA United States: Lots of power sources
Large population available
Starts with textiles
Railroads and electricity help
Lots of women work in factories too

12. VIII. Ind. Rev. in USA
Bigger growth and industrialization than GB b/c of size and resources
Railroads crisscross east of Mississippi (especially the North) before the Civil War
Transcontinental Railroad in 1869 opens the West
Mineral resources
Agricultural products
Northern factories boom during Civil War

13. IX. Ind. Rev. in Germany Not being unified hurt Germany
Used railroads to link the manufacturing they had
Lots of iron ore and coal
Factories
Military
By late 1800s, Germany is unified and begins to truly compete with GB and US

14. X. Ind. Rev. in Other European Nations
Belgium:
1st to adopt England’s model
Resources
Waterways
Economic resources too
France joins in later, around 1850
Napoleon III and his choo-choos
Austria-Hungary, Spain, and Russia have issues, so they are left out

15. XI. Ind. Rev. in Japan Began during the Meiji Era
US Navy led by Matthew Perry “opened” Japan to trade
Emperor worried about European imperialism in Asia
Thought modernization was the only way
Studied industrialization from other nations

16. XI. Ind. Rev. in Japan
Gov’t supported building factories and railroads
Most were dedicated to improving Japanese military
Modeled themselves after Western nations
Navy – GB
Army – Germany
Education – US (HAHAHAHAHAHAHAHA)

17. XII. Urbanization
People moved to cities for factory jobs

18. XIII. Middle Class Creation and growth of the middle class
These are wage-earners and owners
Professionals, small business owners, etc.
A large part of the demand that led to expansion
Used new products willingly

19. XIII. Middle Class Standard of living increased thru 1800s
Were strongly impacted by economic conditions
Much more than the upper class

20. XIV. Working Class Crowded into overcrowded cities
Bad conditions, blah blah blah
When wages were actually increased, so were prices, so nothing much changed
Fluctuated with profits