1. “Radiographic Assessment of the Pediatric Patient”
Prof. Mangalgi Prakash

2. Special considerations
Risk assessment
Evidence of caries/hx
Trauma
Anomalies
Fluoride status
Diet

3. AAPD guidelines for radiographs
Based on Age and risk assessment

4. Child preparation and management
Euphemisms
Role models
Contour film
Gag reflex – distraction
Parental help
Bad taste

5. Film Sizes
Sizes 0,1,2, occlusal/lateral

6. Radiographic Tools
Snap-a-ray
Bite wings, periapicals

7. Radiographic techniques
Bite wings
Periapicals (not p.a.’s)
Max/mand occlusals
Extraoral/lateral film
Soft tissue x-ray
Panoramic radiographs

8. Bite Tabs

9. Bite wing x-ray
Mesial surface of canine to distal surface of 1st permanent molar

10. Bite wing x-ray
Incipient carious lesion.
Overlapping – common error

11. Occlusal Radiographs

12. Occlusal Radiographs
Posterior max. occlusal radiograph

13. Extra Oral film
Lateral Film

14. Trauma Soft tissue Film
Indicated after trauma to locate missing piece(s) of fractured tooth.

15. Panaramic radiograph

16. Radiographic diagnosis of dental anomalies
Ankylosis

17. Anomalies
Gemination : unsuccessful attempt of an individual tooth bud to divide into two.

18. Anomalies
Dilaceration

19. Anomalies
Peg lateral
Supernumary primary lateral

20. Anomalies Fusion: dentinal union of two teeth. Supernumary tooth
Missing lateral

21. Anomalies
Concrescence: fusion with a cemental union.

22. Anomalies
Amelogenesis Imperfecta
Thin enamel
Increased dentin

23. Anomalies
Unfavorable resorptive pattern of roots.

24. Pathology
Retained primary root tips.

25. Pathology
Furcation involvement

26. Pathology
Furcation involvement with internal root resorption.

27. Pathology
Internal resorption with furcation involvement.

28. Artifacts/optical illusions
Cervical burnout
Mach band phenomenon
It may take 30%-70% demineralisation to occur before it can be evidenced radiographically.
Radiographs are 2D views of 3D objects.

29. THANK YOU!