1. CHEMICAL BONDING
How do elements bond?

2. Objectives: Identify the different ways an element bond.
Compare and contrast ionic and covalent bond.
Distinguish between compound and molecules.

3. Why it’s important?
Chemical Bonds join the atoms in the materials you use everyday.

4. Vocabulary: Ion Ionic bond Covalent bond Polar bond Metallic bond
Molecule

5. Review: Valence Electrons
Valence electrons are the electrons in the highest (last outer energy) occupied energy level of the atom.
Valence electrons are the only electrons generally involved in bond formation.

6. What is an ion?
Atom or molecule that is no longer neutral since it has lost or gained an electron.

7. Define Chemical Bonding?
Elements that do not have a complete energy level, tend to react.
When the elements react, chemical bonds are formed.

8. How do atoms bond?
Atoms form bonds with other atoms using electrons in their outer energy level.

9. What are the different ways atoms bond?
Gain Electron (+)
Lose Electron (-)
Pooling Electron (together)
Sharing Electron

10. 1. Ionic Bond:
Chemical bonding holding oppositely charged ions together.
Between a metal and non metal
Responsible for gaining or losing electrons.

11. Example: Na

12. A Positive Ion (Cation):
An atom that has lost one or more electrons.
+ charge

13. Example: Cl

14. A Negative Ion (Anion) An atom that has gained one or more electrons.
Negatively (-) charged.

15. Chemical Bond Between Na & Cl : Ionic Bond

16. Some Common Ions

17. 2. Covalent Bonding: Share Electrons.
Bond that forms between non metals only.
Produce molecular compounds.
Ex. Hydrogen Molecule

18. Ex. Covalent Bonding

19. 2 Forms: Double Bond: when 2 pairs of electrons are shared.
Triple Bond: when 3 pairs of electrons are shared.

20. 3. Metallic Bonding: Bond between metal and another metal.
Electrons in the outer energy level are not tightly held together----move freely (pooled)
Electrons stick together
Responsible for good conductivity, malleability and ductility.

21. 4. Polar Bond:
Bond in which electrons are shared unevenly.
Ex. Water

22. Video