1. An effective legal system – continued...
Chapter 11
An effective legal system – continued...

2. DELAYS Civil causes Lack of awareness Increases in litigation
Improved technology
Lack of available judges

3. Civil Changes Pre-trial procedures Direction hearings
Pre trial conferences
ADR’s
Collaborative laws

4. Criminal causes Reluctance of witnesses Collection of evidence
Suspects refusing to cooperate
Locating witnesses
Committals causing delays

5. Criminal Changes Special mention Compulsory conferences
Direct presentments
Hand up brief method
Case list management
Direction hearing
Charge negotiation
Sentence indication scheme
Acting judges
Judicial registrars
Extending court hour

6. Recognition of prevailing values and basic human rights
MIGRANTS
Different customs
Different legal systems
Refugees
ABORIGIINAL PEOPLE
Problems during questioning
Taboos
Different methods of dispute resolution

7. Changes CHANGES The Koori Court Division Koori County Court
court model
Changes
CHANGES
The Koori Court Division
Koori County Court
Children’s Koori Court
Suggested Changes
Education programs
Extra funding for legal aid for migrants and Aboriginal
Lawyers and judicial training
Extending the Koori court model

8. Recognition of prevailing values and basic human rights
Language Barriers
Different meanings
Changes
Interpreters
CALD mediators

9. Recognition of prevailing values and basic human rights
Social circumstances
Degree of education
Degree of financial assistance
Gender
Occupation
Ethnicity
Cultural background
Marital status
Place of residence
Perceived biases of judges
Judges might not be representative

10. Changes CHANGES Education of the judiciary Sexual offences list
Neighbourhood Justice Centre
Mandatory continuing legal education for lawyers
Collaborative law
Suggested changes
Greater use of ADRs
Victim offender mediation
More advertising of legal rights

11. Home work Question 13 (delays in civil matters) page 551
Question 14 (Magistrates Criminal matters) page 555
Q15 to 17 (Cultural issues) page 557
Q 18 to 20 (Aboriginal issues) page 561
Q 21 to 23 (Language barriers) page
Draft answers for
Exam Revision Questions 1 to 34 page 579