1. Aviation Innovation for Regional Integration
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Aviation innovation for regional integration in Africa (African regional social cohesion)
How AMAN/DMAN contributes as an enabler to CDM?
Lionel Bernard-Peyre, Airport Automation Business Development, Thales

2. Airport operations must be better connected to the ATM network
ATC
Runways
Mastered workload
Arrival/departure
demand prediction
Efficient APP/ACC/TWR coordination
Prevent unnecessary
regulations
Anticipate change of
airport configuration
Reduced air / surface queues
Arrival / Departure Flow
metering and balancing
Accurate Surface
Routing / Times
Safe Surface
operations
Runway usage
optimization
Air / surface
Situation awareness
Multi-Runway Operations
Long Haul
International flights
Short Haul
Domestic flights
Metering Fix
TransitionFix
Nearby
Airports
Nearby
Airports
ACC
APP
TWR
Fair access to the runways
Predictable Arrivals / Departures
Air / Surface trajectory allocation
Management of Fleet Priorities
Flexible route and times
Less fuel burn (air / surface)
Optimization of airline operations
Predictable arrival/departure schedule
Predictable de-icing operations
Optimized Gate allocation
Coordinated turnaround
Managed Pax Flow
Less fuel emissions
Optimization of airport operations
Passenger
Fleet
Apron T1 T2
Airspace Users
Airport Operators

3. Tactical Flow Management Concept Overview
Outer Metering Fix
Metering Fix
Nearby
Airports
Metering Fix
ACC
ACC
APP
TWR T
Apron
XMAN
AMAN
DMAN
Airport configuration Management
Arrival Scheduling at the runway, at the Feeder Fix, at a Metering Fix
Pre-sequence at the block
Take off Sequence at the runway
Departure Metering
(multi-rwy/airport)
Arrival – Departure coupling
Departure Management
Arrival
Management

4. AMAN – Why, What, Benefits
Without AMAN
No reliable traffic forecast available, capacity problem detected/managed very late
Apply the same speed regulation to all aircraft; late instruction for holding
Poor coordination between ACC, APP, TWR, Use protective capacity
In high density traffic situation, unplanned events become a crucial issue
Wind/Runway orientation, Runway inspection, LVP conditions, Missed Approach
AMAN Principles
Prevent the use of holding pattern by feeding the approach with right number of aircraft
Build and share a feasible arrival schedule based on airport configuration
Provide concerned controllers with a delay advisory to be absorbed
Keep man in the loop to adjust the plan and apply strategies
Capacity : runway capacity +10%, Approach capacity +30%
Enabler for Performance Based Operations Spacing aircraft over metering fixes helps for implementing Continuous Descent Operation (CDO) or Route Navigation Performance (RNP-AR )
Predictability : 1h ahead, Punctuality
Flight efficiency : environmental footprint: Lesser Fuel Consumption and gaz emissions
Safety : protect the TMA’s workload
Benefits

5. Arrival Management in short
Cruise
Top Of Descent
Time to Lose:
Linear Holding 59 5
#4 LOT849 TU54 54
#3AF A380 1 52
#2 BAW672 B727
Holding Pattern
#1 SAS412 MD80 50 -1
Coordination Point
Tactical
Action
Approach
CTA
Control Time of Arrival
En Route
Sequencing
& Scheduling
Flow
Constraint
Metering Fix
TMA Feeder Fix
Collaborative use of the En Route airspace …
to feed the approach safely

6. AMAN A feasible, accurate, reliable plan
FP info
Unstable
What-if
Stable
Runway “closure”
Super Stable
Frozen
Landed
Arrival planning need to be shared
with ANSP, airport, airlines through ATFM

7. Extended AMAN concept Key concept elements Benefits Deployment TTA
Extended Horizon
Depends on flows
Up to 4 hours
Key concept elements
Extend AMAN horizon to absorb part of the delay in en route / cruise phase
XMAN: Exchange of data with upstream ATSU via SWIM
Target Time of Arrival to be achieved
Benefits
Reduced holding time up to a minute (source NATS for SESAR exercise)
Fuel / CO2 savings Italy: up to 84 kg of fuel and of 268 kg of CO2 per flight (source SESAR) Heathrow : around €1.25 million in fuel and 5,000 tonnes of CO2 (source NATS/SESAR)
Reduced noise for communities underneath the stacks
Better collaboration between stackholders
Deployment
Several SESAR trials in Europe, including Thales prototypes (Heathrow-Reims, Paris, Stockholm)
Regulated by European Commission, Deployment : 24 airports by 2024
Existing MAESTRO AMAN installation already support APP/ACC coordination and some deal with extended horizon (e.g. Australia) or cross border (e.g. Copenhagen)
Speed Reduction
En Route Delay absorption
XMAN
Cross Border arrival management
Top of Descent
Transition from E-AMAN to AMAN
Speed reduction:
48 : COP in minutes
1 : Delay in upstream ACC (e.g Reims)
AEE602 : Callsign
A321 : Aircraft Type
FL36 : Current Flight Level
M.02 : Mach Advisory : reduction two points of Mach
6NM : remaining prefered distance to issue the speed clearance
TTA
Target Time of Arrival
E-AMAN Metering
AMAN Sequencing
Trajectory
without E-AMAN
with E-AMAN

8. Extended AMAN concept Ideas for South Africa Use Case
Botswana ACC
En Route Speed Reduction
JNB ACC/APP Speed Reduction
RNP impl. …
JNB ACC
En Route Speed Reduction
JNB ACC/APP
Speed Reduction
RNP impl.
ARR/DEP mix mode
CT ACC/APP
Speed Reduction
RNP impl.
ARR/DEP mix mode
CT ACC
En Route Speed Reduction

9. DMAN – Why, What, Benefits
Without DMAN
Long queues at the runway threshold
Poor coordination between ATC, Airlines, Airport
Poor departure predictability that impacts Network Operations
In high density traffic situation, unplanned events become a crucial issue
Wind/Runway orientation, Runway inspection, LVP conditions, De-icing
DMAN Principles
Prevent the queues by feeding the runways with right number of aircraft
Absorb delay at the gate, engine off, meter the traffic at transition fixes
Build and share a feasible departure schedule based on airport configuration
Support controllers to issue just on time clearances
Reinforce Tower Supervisor role to adjust the plan and apply strategies
Benefits
Predictability : 1h ahead, Punctuality
Enabler for Airport-CDM Operations
Flight efficiency : reduction of the average taxitime
Disseminate the pre-sequence to airlines / airport
Environement footprint: fuel/CO2 savings
Manage flight priorities/swap requests
Capacity : runway capacity +5%

10. DMAN Optimises push back sequence
Delay computed by DMAN
Taxi-out time for the aircraft alone N
ATFM window constraint
Push-back window
Estimated
Off Block Time
Pressure at the runway
Target
Take Off Time
Hold at Gate
engines off
Target
Start-up Approval Time

11. Collaborative Departure Management
EOBT/TOBT
Ready to go
TSAT/TMAT
Clearance to go
TTOT
Target Take-Off
VTT
CDM web
Airlines
Agents
Apron
Ramp
Delivery Tower- Approach
ATC
Tower Supervisor
ATC/Airport
Rwy orientation
Departure Capacity
Pressure at the runway
Rwy Allocation strategy
Target
Take Off Time
Estimated
Off Block Time
Target Start
Up Time
Target Maneuvering Area Entry Time

12. CDM@CDG : Measured benefits
Airport operations and ATM efficiencies
Taxi time (-8%)
Queuing at holding point (average -17%)
Fuel consumption (-12 Tons per day)
Departure Punctuality (up to +9%)
CFMU Slot adherence (> 85%, +4%)
Predictibility : Stable flow of traffic
Use of available airport resources
Airport capacity : up to 5% gain during peak hours
Less congestion on ground and at runway threshold
Better safety feeling
Improved environmental protection
Decrease gas emission (39 CO2 Tons per day)
Noise reduction
Holding time
on peak hours (in seconds)
Sample of 18 days (march )

13. AMAN prevents arrival holding DMAN reduces surface queues
How AMAN/DMAN contributes as an enabler to CDM?
AMAN/DMAN supports ATC to build and implement the plan
Consolidated by Tower, Approach and En route Air Traffic Controllers, 1h ahead
The arrival/departure plan shall be shared between stakeholders
Predictibility is improved
Reliable plan triggers optimisation processes by each stakeholders
Extension of horizon enables and requires Collaboration
Runway Preferences (e.g. takes into account allocated gate)
Collaborative Arrival Management
TTA commitment
TTA swapping
Collaborative Departure Management
Off Block Time / ETD updates
TSAT commitment
TTOT swapping
AMAN prevents arrival holding
DMAN reduces surface queues
CDM uses AMAN/DMAN planning to improve efficiency