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Shebli Anvar – CEA Saclay, Irfu On behalf of the KM3Net Consortium

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1 Shebli Anvar – CEA Saclay, Irfu On behalf of the KM3Net Consortium
Data Acquisition Architecture Studies for the KM3NeT Deep Sea Neutrino Telescope Shebli Anvar – CEA Saclay, Irfu On behalf of the KM3Net Consortium Abstract KM3NeT is a European consortium whose goal is a future underwater neutrino telescope of cubic kilometer size in the Mediterranean Sea. The science case includes the study of high energy phenomena in the Universe involving the emission of neutrinos. The detection principle is based on an extended array of photomultipliers detecting single Cerenkov photons emitted by the charged products of neutrino interactions. This paper describes the conceptual design of a data acquisition and trigger architecture for the KM3NeT telescope. Its main features are based on the experience of the NEMO, NESTOR and ANTARES neutrino telescope pilot projects. The main issues addressed by this design include the integration of hundreds of acquisition nodes interconnected through a high bandwidth network and the seamless management of high rate data flows resulting from challenging levels of background noise. The networking technologies used –e.g. dense or coarse wavelength division multiplexing– address optimization issues such as minimizing the number of deep-sea fiber connections. The network topology is optimized for “all data to shore” transmission in which a real-time distributed data acquisition application manages a fluctuating data flow. The data are organized as time-slices and routed accordingly to a workstation farm running trigger algorithms which are expected to reduce the data flow by a factor of 104. The control and configuration schemes that allow the proper operation of the neutrino telescope are specified together with their associated database organization principle. These principles address the issues of hardware description management, configurations and run conditions and their association with the acquired data. We will illustrate how the KM3NeT data acquisition system is intended to make the most of the available and affordable software and hardware technologies in a challenging data flow context involving embedded, real-time processing. S. Anvar, CEA Saclay, Irfu - KM3Net Daq Studies NSS 2008, October, Dresden, Germany

2 High energy cosmic neutrinos
Scientific Programme Astroparticle & particle physics science case: High energy cosmic neutrinos high energy cosmic phenomena point sources diffuse  flux dark matter exotic particles atmospheric  &   cross sections Associated Earth and Sea Sciences A km3 scale neutrino telescope in the Mediterranean Sea S. Anvar, CEA Saclay, Irfu - KM3Net Daq Studies NSS 2008, October, Dresden, Germany

3 Detection principle 2500m to 5000m atmospheric muon
Array of photo- multipliers Cerenkov photon 2500m to 5000m “upward going” muon S. Anvar, CEA Saclay, Irfu - KM3Net Daq Studies NSS 2008, October, Dresden, Germany incident neutrino

4 Convergence of 3 experiments
Completed May 30th and running today at full capacity S. Anvar, CEA Saclay, Irfu - KM3Net Daq Studies NSS 2008, October, Dresden, Germany

5 Detector & detection unit studies
Storey & detection unit topologies Detector topologies small PMs (~ ) large Pms (~10.000) ~500m towers lines S. Anvar, CEA Saclay, Irfu - KM3Net Daq Studies NSS 2008, October, Dresden, Germany

6 Data transmission technologies
Detection unit storeys shore station High bandwidth backbone based on copper or fiber optics JB 1 WDM (Wavelength Division Multiplexing) Global Junction Box 0m - 500m Earth / Sea science units JB 2 Junction box submarine telecom cable JB n ~100m interlink cables “All data to shore” concept: all digitized data are sent to shore (~100 Gb/s) → no offshore trigger Shore station 15 to 100 km S. Anvar, CEA Saclay, Irfu - KM3Net Daq Studies NSS 2008, October, Dresden, Germany

7 On-shore real-time processing
High continuous random background All data cannot be stored (100Gb/s * 10 years) Muon signal = time‐position correlated photomultiplier hits Detector-wide real-time correlation Data reduction factor: ~10.000 S. Anvar, CEA Saclay, Irfu - KM3Net Daq Studies NSS 2008, October, Dresden, Germany

8 On-shore time-slice building
Offshore Offshore or on-shore On-shore time-slice building Messaging Data Flow Switch fabric High Bandwidth Connectivity Low Bandwidth Connectivity time-slice >> muon time S. Anvar, CEA Saclay, Irfu - KM3Net Daq Studies NSS 2008, October, Dresden, Germany

9 Distributed development process
Parallel developments among many laboratories Minimize inter-dependencies Define precise interfaces Foresee integration phase Use software frameworks that fit development process Especially: Database access Configuration framework Communication / distribution framework S. Anvar, CEA Saclay, Irfu - KM3Net Daq Studies NSS 2008, October, Dresden, Germany

10 KM3Net as an observation facility
Remote and world-wide access to data Remote and secure control of the detector Automatized “observation request” procedures Service-oriented design Separation between data / control access infrastructure data / control request infrastructure S. Anvar, CEA Saclay, Irfu - KM3Net Daq Studies NSS 2008, October, Dresden, Germany

11 KM3Net Consortium http://www.km3net.org
Cyprus Univ. Cyprus, Nikosia France CEA, Irfu  CNRS, IN2P3 (APC Paris, CPPM Marseille, IPHC Strasbourg)  UHA GRPHE Mulhouse  Ifremer Germany Univ. Erlangen  MPIK-Heidelberg Univ. Kiel Univ. Tuebingen Greece HCMR  Hellenic Open Univ.  NCSR Demokritos  NOA/Nestor  Univ. Athens Ireland Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies Italy CNR/ISMAR  INFN (Univs. Bari, Bologna, Catania, Genova, Napoli, Pisa, Roma-1, LNS Catania, LNF Frascati)  INGV  Tecnomare SpA Netherlands NIKHEF/FOM  Univ. Amsterdam  Univ. Utrecht  KVI/Univ. Groningen  NIOZ Romania Institute for Space Sciences, Bucharest-Magurele Spain IFIC/CSIC Valencia  Univ. Valencia  Univ. P Valencia United Kingdom Univ. Aberdeen  Univ. Leeds  Univ. Liverpool  Univ. Sheffield S. Anvar, CEA Saclay, Irfu - KM3Net Daq Studies NSS 2008, October, Dresden, Germany

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