1. Une révision des temps de verbes

2. A verb in its natural, non-conjugated form. Used whenever a verb has no subject : 2 nd verb, general instruction, after a preposition or on its own. All French verbs fall into one of three families each of which follows the same general conjugation rules. (many exceptions though!): ER IR (OIR) RE LInfinitif Danser = To dance

3. For all actions that occur in the present (except for giving orders and 2 events that happen simultaneously) One word. Generally, drop the –er, -ir or –re and add the ending. However - Many, many exceptions! Je - e/s (x) Tu - (e)s/(x) Il - e/ nothing (t) Nous - ons Vous - ez Ils - ent Le Présent Je danse = I dance / I am dancing / I do dance

4. Used for past actions that were isolated (not repeated an unspecified number of times) and completed. TWO WORDS: An auxiliary verb and the past participle. Auxiliary: Either Avoir or Être in the present tense. Être is for Vandertramp verbs and pronominal verbs, Avoir is for all others. Past participle: Several exceptions but generally: ER – é IR- i RE - u Le Passé Composé Jai dansé = I danced/I did dance/ I have danced

5. Used for past actions that are habitual (repeated), incomplete (interrupted) or non-actions (feelings and descriptions). One word formed from a root and and ending. Root : Take nous in the present tense and drop the -ons ending. (one exception : etre -> et-) Endings: Je-ais Tu-ais Il-ait Nous-ions Vous-iez Ils-aient LImparfait Je dansais=I was dancing/I used to dance/I danced

6. Used for all past actions that took place prior to another past action. ( the past of the past ) TWO WORDS: Auxiliary and past participle. Auxiliary: Etre or Avoir in the IMPARFAIT. Past participle: Same as for the passe compose. Le Plus-que-parfait Javais dansé = I had danced/I had been dancing

7. Used for future actions. (Generally ones that are further in the future) One word formed of a root and an ending. Root: Most verbs use their infinitive form (ER/IR/RE). For – RE verbs drop the final E so the root always ends in an R. Also, almost 20 exceptions to memorise. Ending: Avoir in the present tense, except for nous and vous which lose the av-. Je-ai Tu-as Il-a Nous-ons Vous-ez Ils-ont Le Futur Simple Je danserai = I will dance

8. Used for all conditional actions (would ________ /could/should in English. One word formed by combining a root and an ending. Root: Same as the FUTUR SIMPLE Endings: Same as the IMPARFAIT Le Conditionnel Je danserais = I would dance

9. Not another verb tense, rather a different MODE. Used for possible or desired actions that likely do not already exist in reality. Almost always preceded but QUE… (however que is not always followed by the subjunctive!) Used more often in French than in English. (may) One word formed from a root and an ending. Root: For je,tu,il and ils – Use ils in the present indicative minus the –ent. For nous/vous – use nous in the present minus the – ons. Endings : je – e / tu – es / il – e / nous – ions / vous – iez / ils – ent. 9 exceptions to memorise: Avoir/Être/Savoir/Vouloir/ Pouvoir/Pleuvoir/Falloir/Aller/Faire/Valoir Le Subjonctif Que je danse… = that I dance

10. Limpératif: For giving orders Similar to the present tense, some differences. Only conjugated with tu, nous or vous In the affirmative the pronouns are placed AFTER the verb: Lève-toi! Le futur proche: For events in the near future Formed with aller in the present tense + the verb in its infinitive form Le passé récent: For very recent past actions Three words: The verb venir in the present tense + de + the verb in its infinitive form. (Jai juste dansé – does NOT exist!) Les Autres: Dansez! = Dance! Je vais danser = Im going to dance Je viens de danser = I just dansed

11. Futur Antérieur: The past of the future. Describes an action that will have already happened when another action occurs. Composed verb: Auxiliary (être/avoir) in the futur simple + the past participle. Conditionnel Passé: The past of the conditional. Describes an action that would have happened if another had been true. (regrets!) Composed verb: Auxiliary (être/avoir) in the present conditional + the past participle. Subjonctif Passé: The past of the present subjunctive. Composed verb: Auxiliary (être/avoir) in the present subjunctive + the past participle. Infinitif Passé: The past of the infinitive (when a 2 nd action or action after a preposition (Après!) occured in the past.) Composed verb: Auxiliary (être/avoir) + past participle Les Autres : Passés Jaurai dansé = I will have danced Jaurais dansé = I would have danced Que jaie dansé… = that I might/may have danced Avoir dansé = to have danced

12. Lannée prochaine!! Les Participes En dansant = by dancing/while dancing Dansé = danced Ayant dansé = having danced