1. BASICS OF ELECTRONICS

2. We will be discussing…..
Resistor
Capacitor
Diode
Transister

3. RESISTORS
Resistors are used to limit current or divide voltage and in some cases, generate heat.
Used for driving circuit which requires low current and voltage than available.
A two terminal non-polarized component.

4. Unit of resistance is ohm. Notation for resistance O- for ohm
Contd…
Unit of resistance is ohm.
Notation for resistance
O- for ohm
K- for kilo ohm
M- for mega ohm

5. Physical appearance

6. Color code table

7. Practical Use
To reduce the current flowing in circuit, use resistance in parallel.

8. To reduce the voltage for any circuit, use resistance in series.

9. CAPACITORS
A two terminal electronic component which stores energy in form of charge.
capacitance is a measure of a capacitor's ability to store charge.
A large capacitance means that more charge can be stored.
Capacitance is measured in Farads(F) but prefixes like µF and pF for smaller values.

10. Types of capacitors Polarized
which have specified positive and negative terminals.
Non-polarized
no defined polarity for terminals.

11. Practical use
Used for making timer circuits, when used with resistance.
Used in clipper, clamper circuit.
Used for providing instantaneous large power as in flashlight of cameras.
Used in DC filter circuits.

12. DIODES
A two-terminal electronic component that conducts electric current in only one direction.

13. The direction of arrow shows the only possible direction of current.

14. Types of diodes LED i.e Light Emitting Diodes
These diodes emit light when provided with power supply.

15. Photodiode
These diode generates currents when exposed to light.

16. Practical use Used for making gates Used for making rectifiers
Used as a switch
LED as indicators
Photodiodes as light detector

17. TRANSISTOR
A transistor is a semiconductor device commonly used to amplify or switch electronic signals.
Device with three terminals where one terminal can be use to control the flow of current through the other two terminals.

18. Contd….
The three terminals are Emitter, Base and Collector

19. Transistor are of two types:
1-> n-p-n
A straight switch
2-> p-n-p
A inverted switch

20. n-p-n as straight switch
When base of n-p-n is connected with logic high voltage then it short circuit emitter and collector (SWITCH ON).
When base of n-p-n is connected with logic low voltage then it open circuit both emitter and collector (SWITCH OFF).

21. p-n-p as inverted switch
When base of p-n-p is connected with logic high voltage then it open circuit emitter and collector (SWITCH OFF).
When base of p-n-p is connected with logic low voltage then it short circuit both emitter and collector (SWITCH ON).

22. Practically used… As a switch As an amplifier
For realizing logic gates

23. Thank You