1. Introduction to the Human Body

2. What is Anatomy and Physiology?
Anatomy and physiology is the study of structure and function of the human body
Why are you taking this class?
Going into the medical field
Want to know how the body works
Understand how disease work and affect the body

3. Anatomy
Anatomy: Means to “dissect” or to examine the structures of the body.
3 types of studies of anatomy
Systemic Anatomy: Study of body systems
Example: Nervous System, Respiratory System,etc
Regional Anatomy: Study of the organization of body areas
Example: Head, Abdomen, arm, etc
Surface Anatomy: Is the study of external features

4. Systemic Anatomy

5. Physiology
Physiology: Looks and deals with the process or functions of living things
Example: Why and how your kidneys work
2 studies of physiology
Human Physiology: Study of specific organism
Cellular and Systemic Physiology: Emphasize on specific organizational levels (cells, nerves, etc)

6. Structural and Functional Organization
There are 7 structural levels of the body
Chemical
Organelle
Cell
Tissue
Organ
Organsystem
Organism

7. Characteristics of Life
Organization: 7 structural levels
Metabolism: All chemical and physical changes
Responsiveness: Responding to stimuli
Growth: Getting Larger
Differentiation: Changes in cell structure and function
Reproduction: Creating fertile offspring

8. Homeostasis
Homeostasis = Tendency of the body to maintain a stable, balanced, internal environment. “Sameness throughout”

9. Negative Feedback
Negative Feedback: Regulates homeostasis by deviating the not normal variable to become normal (High/low blood pressure to normal blood pressure)
Negative Feedback Mechanisms
Receptor
Control Center
Effector

10. Positive Feedback
Positive Feedback: Is not homeostatic and are rare in healthy people. If there is a deviation from the normal the response is greater than what is required

11. Positive or Negative Feedback?