1. The Human Body: An Orientation
Chapter 1
The Human Body: An Orientation

2. As in a good essay: Introduce the topics discussed, or objectives
Provide pictures/links to different sections of the unit/notes

3. Anatomy and Physiology are closely intertwined

4. Anatomy can be studied at two levels
Large structures
Easily observed
Gross Anatomy
Tiny structures
Requires a microscope
Microscopic Anatomy

5. Structures of the human body are organized on several levels

6. Stop and Think!
What is the basic difference between anatomy and physiology?
Name a body part. Explain how its structure is related to its function.
Within your group, list the seven levels of human organization from simplest to most complex The first person will write the simplest level and pass it to the left. The next person will write the next level of organization. Continue until all seven levels have been listed in order.

7. The 11 body systems must work together to maintain human life
Integumentary system
Skeletal system
Muscular system
Nervous system
Endocrine system
Cardiovascular system
Lymphatic system
Respiratory system
Digestive system
Urinary system
Male/Female Reproductive systems

8. Integumentary System

9. Skeletal System

10. Muscular System

11. Nervous System

12. Endocrine System

13. Cardiovascular System

14. Lymphatic System

15. Respiratory System

16. Digestive System

17. Urinary System

18. Reproductive Systems

19. Ask a question or conduct an activity about the 11 body systems

20. All organ systems must work together to perform 8 Necessary Life Functions

21. Homeostasis: Maintaining stable conditions when changes occur inside and outside the body

22. For example: Glucose in the blood is maintained within a narrow range

23. Homeostatic control mechanisms are in place to enable organs to dynamically maintain homeostasis.

24. Homeostatic Control Mechanisms:
In general, when homeostasis is disrupted by some stimulus…
Variable in Homeostasis
Variable in Homeostasis
Variable in Imbalance
Variable in Imbalances

25. Variable in Homeostasis
Communication among three relative components helps return the body to homeostatic conditions.
Control Center
Receptor (Sensor)
Effector
Variable in Homeostasis
Variable in Imbalance
Variable in Imbalance

26. Body Temperature in Homeostasis Body Temperature Drops
Negative Feedback systems shut off the stimulus or reduce its intensity.
Hypothalamus in brain
Skeletal muscles
Thermoreceptors in skin
Cause Shivering
Body Temperature in Homeostasis
Body Temperature Drops

27. Positive Feedback systems intensify the stimulus (for events that don’t happen often)
Control Center
Receptor (Sensor)
Effector
Variable Intensified
Variable in Imbalance
Variable in Imbalance