1. SN#3 The Periodic Table

2. Reading the Periodic Table
Number at the top = atomic number
Chemical Symbol = Abbreviation for elements name
Elements Name
Number at the bottom =
atomic mass
Valence electrons =
number of electrons in
Outer shell

3. How is the Periodic Table is arranged?
Group(Family) = elements in a vertical column
Families are related but not identical
Have similarities
Have the same number of valence electrons in their
Outer shell.
Group number = Number of valence electrons.
Group/Family 18
Period 6

4. How is the Periodic Table is arranged?
Except group 8 or 18….they have a full shell outer shell or 8 valence electrons
Transition Elements have 1 or 2 valence electrons.
Group/Family 18
Period 6

5. How is the Periodic Table is arranged?
Period = elements in a horizontal row.
Period number tells you how many energy levels are in the atom. (there are some exceptions)
Group/Family 18
Period 6

6. How is the Periodic Table is arranged?
An Atom’s position on the PT indicates its properties
3 main regions
Metals on the left
Nonmetals on the right (except Hydrogen)
Metalloids in between
Its position indicates how reactive (likely to undergo a chemical change) it is.

7. The Periodic Table Metals, Non-Metals, Metalloids

8. METALS Most elements are metals Transition Metals
Conduct electricity and heat well
Shiny appearance
Can be shaped easily
Are solids except for mercury -Hg (liquid)
Transition Metals
Earliest known elements such as copper, gold, silver, iron
Used to make jewelry

9. Rare Earth Elements Found outside the main body of the PT
Once thought to be available only in tiny amounts on earth.

10. Nonmetals On the right side of the PT
Many are gases at room temperature
One is a liquid (bromine) Br
Dull surfaces, Cannot be shaped by hammering, Poor conductors of heat and electricity

11. Metalloids Have properties of both metals and nonmetals.
Lie on either side of the zigzag line separating metals from nonmetal.
Make up semiconductors found in electronic devices

12. Noble Gases
Group 18
Almost never react with other elements

13. ALKALI METALS Group 1 Hydrogen is not a member, it is a non-metal
All are solids at room temperature
1 electron in the outer shell
Soft and silvery metals
Conduct electricity
Very reactive

14. ALKALINE EARTH METALS Group 2 Metals Solids at room temp
2 electrons in the outer shell
White, silvery, and malleable
Reactive, but less than Alkali metals
Conduct electricity

15. TRANSITION METALS Metals Almost all are solids at room temp (Hg)
Good conductors of heat and electricity.
1 or 2 Valence Electrons
Less Reactive than Alkali and Alkaline Earth
Can bond with many elements in a variety of shapes.

16. BORON FAMILY Group 3 3 electrons in the outer shell Most are metals
Boron is a metalloid
Reactive
Solid at room temp

17. CARBON FAMILY Group 4 4 electrons in the outer shell
Contains 3 metals, 2 metalloids, and 1 non-metal Carbon (C)
Reactivity varies
Solids at room temp

18. NITROGEN FAMILY Group 5 5 electrons in the outer shell
Can share electrons to form compounds
Contains 2 metals, 2 metalloids, and 2 non-metals
Reactivity Varies
Nitrogen is the only gas at room temp, rest are solids

19. OXYGEN FAMILY Group 6 6 electrons in the outer shell
Contains 2 metals, 1 metalloid, and 3 non-metals
Reactive
Oxygen is a gas, the rest are solids at room temp

20. Halogens Group 7 7 electrons in the outer shell
Non-metals, Uus is unknown
Very reactive - are often bonded with Group 1 Alkali Metals
Has 2 gases, 1 liquid (Br), and 2 solids

21. Noble Gases Group 8 Exist as gases Non-metals
8 electrons in the outer shell or a full outer shell.
Helium (He) has only 2 electrons in the outer shell = Full
Not reactive with other elements

22. Rare Earth Metals Some are Radioactive
The rare earths are silver, silvery-white, or gray metals.
Conduct electricity