1. Anytime, Anywhere Anyone (AAA) Internet Voting in India
Raj Reddy
Carnegie Mellon University
Aug 2, 2016

2. Long Term Vision Only 65% are able vote today
Rest are unable to vote for many reasons
Physical Handicap or Age or Lack of Transporation
Travel out of station
Service Professionals
Migrant Workers including Officers on duty
Technology can enable over 95% to cast the vote, today
Time Independent: ANYTIME
Location Independent: ANYWHERE
Category Independent: ANYONE
Expectation:
Near Term: 40% of Voters will own Smart Phones
Medium Term: 70% of Voters will own Smart Phones
Long Term: 90% of Voters will own Smart Phones

3. Desired Outcomes
Online Voting: Permitted for Any “Registered” Voter with a “Smart Phone”
Anytime Voting: Upto 4 weeks ahead of Election Date
Anywhere Voting: From anywhere in world
Access to Next Gen EVMs for Voters without Smartphones
Authentication by Voice Dialog in Local Language
Aadhaar Card plus Voice Print
Authorization using OTP at the Time of Voting using Personalized ECI App after Authentication and Challenge Questions
Audit using Triplicated Data Centers

4. Emerging Business of Political Hacking and Stealing Elections More Dangerous than Voting Fraud
Modern political operation: running attack ads, researching the opposition, and finding ways to suppress a foe’s turnout.
Disinformation and Misinformation
Manipulate social media to create false waves of enthusiasm and derision,
Defacing campaign websites
spoof and clone Web pages, and
send mass s and texts
Digital interception, attack, decryption, and defense
Dirty war and psychological operations, black propaganda, rumors
“Online and Physical” breakin to steal campaign strategies and Install spyware in opposition offices
Breaking into opponents’ donor databases
Specialties: develop the best malware. scan systems and software for vulnerabilities. mobile intercept
hack smartphones

5. Requirements for Internet Voting
Connectivity: WiFi/Broadband Wireless
Computing: Smart Phone
Capacity: Speech Based UI
Authentication App: Local Language Speech Dialog
Authorization App: QA and One Time Password
Audit End to End Verified Internet Voting (E2E VIV)

6. Reliable IT Infrastructure: Data Centers, WiFi and Broadband Wireless in Villages
Multi Vendor Data Centers
Village Level Access through
WiFi
Broadband Wireless
Access to Smart Phone
Speech I/O based User Interface

7. Action Items Agree on a Multiphase Implementation of E2E-VIV
Remote Voting Permitted for Any Registered Voter with a Smart Phone
Anytime: Upto 4 weeks ahead of Election Date?
Anywhere: From anywhere in world
Use of NG-EVMs must always be available
Authentication by Voice Dialog in Local Language
Target Dates
Near Term: 30% of Voters use Internet
Medium Term: 60% of Voters use Internet
Long Term: 80% of Voters use Internet