1. Introduction to Rates of Reaction
AQA GCSE Science 2015+
Chemistry – Year 10
Chapter 8 – Rates and Equilibrium
Lesson 1
Introduction to Rates of Reaction
By Mr. Le Moignan
De La Salle College – Science Department

2. Silent Starter Complete the questions in full sentences:
Reactants ‘A’ and ‘B’ react together to form products ‘C’ and ‘D’. Show this using an equation.
When a chemical company wants to make a new product, what factors do you think they must consider about the reaction?
What do you think is meant by the term ‘rate of a chemical reaction’?

3. How much product will be made?
Silent Starter
Complete the questions in full sentences:
Reactants ‘A’ and ‘B’ react together to form products ‘C’ and ‘D’. Show this using an equation.
When a chemical company wants to make a new product, what factors do you think they must consider about the reaction?
What do you think is meant by the term ‘rate of a chemical reaction’?
A + B  C + D
They must consider:
Safety issues
How much will it cost?
How much product will be made?
How long will it take?
Rate of a chemical reaction is speed of a chemical reaction. It is how much product is formed or how much reactant is used up in a given time.

4. Learning Intentions
Describe what is meant by the ‘rate of a chemical reaction’.
Describe how we can calculate the data on the rate of a chemical reaction.
Calculate the mean rate of a chemical reaction.

5. -vs- Rates of Reaction – Slow -vs- Fast
How could we describe the rates of a chemical reaction in these situations?
Why is it important for chemists to be able to work out the rate of a chemical reaction?

6. Measuring Rates of Reaction
Use pages 128 & 129 to help you.
1. Measuring Mass
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2. Measuring Volume
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Students are to use page 128 and 129 in the text book to describe the different methods used to measure the rate of a chemical reaction. They should be able to describe a bit about each of the reactions picture and explain with a brief conclusion what each of the graphs is showing.
3. Measuring Colour
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7. Mean Rate of a Chemical Reaction
𝑴𝒆𝒂𝒏 𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒆 𝒐𝒇 𝒂 𝒄𝒉𝒆𝒎𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒍 𝒓𝒆𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏= 𝑸𝒖𝒂𝒏𝒕𝒊𝒕𝒚 𝒐𝒇 𝒑𝒓𝒐𝒅𝒖𝒄𝒕 𝒇𝒐𝒓𝒎𝒆𝒅 (𝒈) 𝒕𝒊𝒎𝒆 𝒕𝒂𝒌𝒆𝒏 (𝒔)
-or-
𝑴𝒆𝒂𝒏 𝒓𝒂𝒕𝒆 𝒐𝒇 𝒂 𝒄𝒉𝒆𝒎𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒍 𝒓𝒆𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏= 𝑸𝒖𝒂𝒏𝒕𝒊𝒕𝒚 𝒐𝒇 𝒓𝒆𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒕 𝒖𝒔𝒆𝒅 𝒖𝒑 (𝒈) 𝒕𝒊𝒎𝒆 𝒕𝒂𝒌𝒆𝒏 (𝒔)
Question 1
14.0 g of marble chips were reacted with an excess of hydrochloric acid. It took 3.5 minutes for the reaction to complete. Calculate the mean rate of the chemical reaction.
Q g / 3.5 min (210seconds) = g/sec or 4 g/min
Q cm3 / 3min 14sec (194seconds) = 3.61 cm3/sec (in grams = g / 194seconds = 3.01x10-4 g/sec)
Question 2
1.40 g of magnesium was reacted with an excess of hydrochloric acid. 700 cm3 of hydrogen gas was collected in 3 minutes and 14 seconds. Calculate the mean rate of the chemical reaction.

8. Plenary – Question Time
Complete the SUMMARY QUESTIONS on PAGE 129 of the text book.
Ensure you write your answers in full sentences.
We will run through the answers to these questions at the end of the lesson.

9. Learning Outcomes
Describe what is meant by the ‘rate of a chemical reaction’.
Describe how we can calculate the data on the rate of a chemical reaction.
Calculate the mean rate of a chemical reaction.

10. Collision Theory and Further Rates of Reaction
AQA GCSE Science 2015+
Chemistry – Year 10
Chapter 8 – Rates and Equilibrium
Lesson 2
Collision Theory and Further Rates of Reaction
By Mr. Le Moignan
De La Salle College – Science Department

11. Take down today’s WALT shown above.
Silent Starter
WALT: Describe the term ‘collision theory’ and calculate the rate of a chemical reaction at a specific time.
Put today’s Title ‘Collision Theory and Further Rates of Reaction’ and today’s date.
Take down today’s WALT shown above.
Use the pictures to decide what the five factors are that affect the rate of a chemical reaction.

12. Learning Intentions
Describe the factors that affect the rate of a chemical reaction.
Explain the term ‘collision theory’.
Calculate the rate of a chemical reaction at a specific time.

13. Reactions are more likely to happen if we:
Collision Theory
Reactions can only take place when two particles (atoms, ions or molecules) of reactants come together.
The reacting particles have to bump into each other and it is important that they bump into each other with enough energy for the reaction to take place. This is called COLLISION THEORY.
The minimum amount of energy required for the reaction to take place is called the ACTIVATION ENERGY.
Reactions are more likely to happen if we:
Increase the frequency of particle collisions.
Increase the energy they have when they collide.

14. Rates of Reaction – Specific Time
Graphs can be plotted to show how the concentration of a reactant or product change over time.
The gradient at ay specific time will give the rate of the chemical reaction at that point.

15. Rates of Reaction – Specific Time

16. Rates of Reaction – Specific Time

17. Rates of Reaction – Specific Time

18. Learning Outcomes
Describe the factors that affect the rate of a chemical reaction.
Explain the term ‘collision theory’.
Calculate the rate of a chemical reaction at a specific time.

19. The Effect of Surface Area on Rate of Reaction
AQA GCSE Science 2015+
Chemistry – Year 10
Chapter 8 – Rates and Equilibrium
Lesson 3
The Effect of Surface Area on Rate of Reaction
By Mr. Le Moignan
De La Salle College – Science Department

20. Silent Starter Person 1 Person 2
WALT: Explain the effect of surface area on a rate of a chemical reaction using collision theory.
Put today’s Title ‘The Effect of Surface Area on Rate of Reaction’ and today’s date.
Take down today’s WALT shown above.
Stick in the worksheet on your desks. Read it very carefully!
Person 1
Person 2
Conical flask
Measuring cylinder (250cm3)
Delivery tube
Measuring cylinder (50cm3)
Beehive shelf
Hydrochloric acid (0.8M)
Water trough
Marble chips (2g)
Retort stand
Boss and clamp
Students are to collect the following equipment and bring it to their desks once they have done Tasks 1-3.

21. Learning Intentions
Conduct an experiment to show the effect of surface area on the rate of a chemical reaction.
Explain the effect of surface area on a rate of a chemical reaction using ‘collision theory’.

22. Surface Area – Practical Experiment

23. As the marble chip size increases, the surface area of the marble chip is actually decreasing. We can see that as the surface area decreases, the volume of gas collected in one minute also decreases. This is because the rate of the reaction is much slower.
When the marble chip is larger there is less surface for the reaction to take place on. The particles inside the solid have to wait for the particles on the surface to react first before they are exposed and have a chance to react.
In addition to this, when the particles have a large surface area there will also be a higher frequency of collisions between reacting particles.

24. Learning Outcomes
Conduct an experiment to show the effect of surface area on the rate of a chemical reaction.
Explain the effect of surface area on a rate of a chemical reaction using ‘collision theory’.

25. The Effect of Temperature on Rate of Reaction
AQA GCSE Science 2015+
Chemistry – Year 10
Chapter 8 – Rates and Equilibrium
Lesson 4
The Effect of Temperature on Rate of Reaction
By Mr. Le Moignan
De La Salle College – Science Department

26. Learning Intentions
Conduct an experiment to show the effect of temperature on the rate of a chemical reaction.
Explain the effect of temperature on a rate of a chemical reaction using ‘collision theory’.

27. Learning Outcomes
Conduct an experiment to show the effect of temperature on the rate of a chemical reaction.
Explain the effect of temperature on a rate of a chemical reaction using ‘collision theory’.

28. The Effect of Concentration and Pressure on Rate of Reaction
AQA GCSE Science 2015+
Chemistry – Year 10
Chapter 8 – Rates and Equilibrium
Lesson 5
The Effect of Concentration and Pressure on Rate of Reaction
By Mr. Le Moignan
De La Salle College – Science Department

29. The Effect of Catalysts on Rate of Reaction
AQA GCSE Science 2015+
Chemistry – Year 10
Chapter 8 – Rates and Equilibrium
Lesson 6
The Effect of Catalysts on Rate of Reaction
By Mr. Le Moignan
De La Salle College – Science Department

30. Reversible Chemical Reactions De La Salle College – Science Department
AQA GCSE Science 2015+
Chemistry – Year 10
Chapter 8 – Rates and Equilibrium
Lesson 7
Reversible Chemical Reactions
By Mr. Le Moignan
De La Salle College – Science Department

31. Energy and Reversible Reactions
AQA GCSE Science 2015+
Chemistry – Year 10
Chapter 8 – Rates and Equilibrium
Lesson 8
Energy and Reversible Reactions
By Mr. Le Moignan
De La Salle College – Science Department

32. De La Salle College – Science Department
AQA GCSE Science 2015+
Chemistry – Year 10
Chapter 8 – Rates and Equilibrium
Lesson 9
Dynamic
Equilibrium
By Mr. Le Moignan
De La Salle College – Science Department

33. Dynamic Equilibrium – Altering Conditions
AQA GCSE Science 2015+
Chemistry – Year 10
Chapter 8 – Rates and Equilibrium
Lesson 10 – Higher Tier Only!
Dynamic
Equilibrium – Altering Conditions
By Mr. Le Moignan
De La Salle College – Science Department