1. Mexican Americans and the Roaring Twenties
10/20/2017 6:42 PM
Mexican Americans and the Roaring Twenties
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2. Economics Prosperity dating to World War I “Open Door” Consumerism
ILLUSION (see handout)
“Open Door”
Consumerism
Middle class growth BUT
ILLUSION
- top 1% controls 20% of the nation’s income
1929 – top 1% controls 30% of the nation’s income

3. How do you fill the gap between production and wages (allowing people to consume)? CREDIT
Industrial production in the 1920s
Middle class wages in the 1920s

4. Artistic Explosion
Harlem Renaissance
Jazz
Latin Jazz
Big Band

5. Women - flappers
“corrupt”
“flirtaceous”
Condemned

6. Prohibition 18th Amendment
“Section1: After one year from the ratification of this article the manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquors within, the importation thereof into, or the exportation thereof from the United States and all territory subject to the jurisdiction thereof for beverage purposes is hereby prohibited.”

7. connections
connections
World War I
Attack in “Zee Germans”

8. Drinking in U.S. Early 19th century
Largely Protestant
Average American drank 7 gallons per year.
Decreased over course of 19th century and viewed as an “immigrant” issue.

9. Enforcement? NY – 7000 arrested, 17 convicted.
Agents who entered "the 21 Club" to search for alcohol were fired.
1925, a number of northern states passed laws banning police from enforcing prohibition
Government hired 2500 agents.
Indiana - banned hip flasks and martini shakers.
US sent $5 million on enforcement.

10. Ku Klux Klan
Anti – everyone
The Birth of a Nation
David Stevenson

11. Sacco and Vanzetti Italian immigrants Anarchists
Murder of paymaster April 15, 1920
Sentenced to death 1921
Evidence circumstantial and on appeal many witnesses changed testimony
Executed 1927

12. Political Fear of immigrants
Anarchists
Radicalism
Magón and PLM
Zapatistas and Villistas
El Plan de San Diego
Immigration Act of 1924
Ethnic groups can enter US at a rate of 2% of their 1890 population.
Set quotas on Latino populations
Box Bill (1926)

13. Segregation

14. Urbanization 50% of Mexican Americans lived in urban centers by 193o.
San Antonio
Phoenix
Los Angeles
Houston

15. Living Conditions Poverty Temporary housing turned permanent
Endurance and resiliency
Continued mutualista tradition
Religious organizations

16. Education Segregated Trade oriented
Sydney Lanier HS (San Antonio) “Voks”

17. Mexican American Response
Escuelitas
Catholic Schools
Protestant schools
Methodist and Episcopal
Separatism
San Felipe ISD (1929)
Trinidad (CO)

18. Court Battles Jesus Salvatierra v Del Rio ISD (1930) Lemon Grove Case
Roberto Alvarez v The Board of Trustees of the Lemon Grove School District