CHAPTER 21 HAIRCOLORING.

CHAPTER 21 HAIRCOLORING

One of the most creative, challenging, and popular salon services
Haircoloring is One of the most creative, challenging, and popular salon services It is also the most lucrative !

Add: Haircoloring is both the art and science of changing the color of hair.

Why people color their hair Add to side bar: just the #’s
Unpigmented hair (graying) Book: Cover or blend gray

Book: Enhance an existing color
2. Self-image boost Book: Enhance an existing color 3. Experimental Book: create a fashion statement or statement of self-expression

Book: Correct unwanted tones
4. Artistic Book: Correct unwanted tones nyenoona.files.wordpress.com/2008/01/rainbow-...

Book: Accentuate a particular haircut
5. . Corrective Book: Accentuate a particular haircut Note: Either list can be used on the test, your choice aheadofourtimesalons.com/images/gallery/716-A..

F Y I : “Chlorine green” hair is caused by copper deposits from the water, that grab onto the hair. Only very light hair shows this reaction. Use a demineralizing shampoo, like Alternate Action and place under a dryer or use baking soda and water to remove deposits. media.onsugar.com/.../GreenHair.larger.jpg

Hair Facts Hair Structure
Knowing how products affect the hair will allow you to make the best product choices for your client. Hair Structure Quick review of the structure of the hair.

Q. List two points about the cortex.
Q. What is the outer most layer of the hair called? Q. What is the purpose of the cuticle? Q. List two points about the cortex. Q. How much of a role does the medula play in haircoloring?

Q. Why is texture, density and. porosity factors we must
Q. Why is texture, density and porosity factors we must consider when performing color services? Texture: individual hair strand Coarse, medium, fine Melanin is distributed differently-refer to Figure 21-3

Has average response to haircolor products
Fine hair texture Takes color faster Can look darker Medium hair texture Has average response to haircolor products

Can take longer to process
Coarse hair texture Can take longer to process

Density-hair per square inch
thin, medium, thick-dense Needs to be considered when applying haircolor Q. How would this matter, and what do we need to do?

Porosity-ability to absorb liquid
Porous hair accepts color faster ~ darker than expected end result Q. Explain the step needed to do the test for porosity

Resistant hair (low porosity) ~ requires more processing time
Normal porosity (average) ~ processes in an average amount of time Overporous (high) ~ takes color quickly ~ fades quickly

Identifying Natural Hair Color and Tone
Q. What is the 1st thing Mrs. K and I do prior to creating a color formula?

Two types of melanin in the cortex:
Eumelanin-black and brown Pheomelanin-blond and red Natural hair color contains both (Mixed melanin) wwww.pgbeautyscience.com/assets/images/researc... ww.pgbeautyscience.com/.../v2/Hair-color-2.jpg

Contributing Pigment Known as “undertone”, is the varying degrees of warmth exposed during permanent color or lightening process The darker the natural level,the more intense the contributing pigment

Haircoloring modifies this pigment to create new pigment
Must be taken into consideration before the haircolor selection is made Haircoloring modifies this pigment to create new pigment 3.bp.blogspot.com/.../killercutscolors552.jpg

Saturation, density, or concentration of a color
The Level System Level is the unit of measurement used to identify the lightness or darkness Saturation, density, or concentration of a color cdn-write.demandstudios.com/.../90/3/4893.jpg

Level system *use to determine the lightness or darkness of colors Arranged on a scale of 1-1 0 -1 being the darkest (black) -10 being the lightest (pale blonde)

Add: Value-unit of measurement to evaluate lightness or darkness

Identifying Natural Level
First step in haircolor service Valuable tool-color wheel Use haircolor swatch book Demonstrate the four steps Read: Here’s a Tip

Natural Hair Color Levels
10-Lightest Bl. Natural Hair Color Levels (this is the number system Mrs. Kucas and I follow. Page 632 is a little different) 9- Lt. Blonde 8- Med. Blonde 7- Dk. Blonde 6- Lt. Brown 5- Med. Brown 4- Dk. Brown 3- V. Dk. Br 2- Black 1- Blue Black

Gray Hair Associated with aging ~ heredity Solid or blended
~ “salt and pepper” Requires special attention in formulating

Color Theory Color is the visible spectrum of light
Human eye only sees red, green, or blue, or other shades

Before applying color products
*have an understanding of color theory ***All are developed by primary and secondary color

real-estate-staging.com/Primary%20colors%20of...

A base color is the predominant tone of a color
Ex. Violet base color=cool result *minimizes unwanted yellow tones Blue-base haircolor=coolest results *minimizes orange tones

Add: Violet-green-blue=cool tones Yellow-orange-red=warm tones

*brunettes to light blondes
***Red-orange base *bright warm results ***Gold bases *brunettes to light blondes yousonice.files.wordpress.com/2008/12/redhair.jpg allwomenstalk.com/wp-content/thumbs/54627.jpg z.about.com/d/beauty/1/0/g/G/haircolor8.JPG

The Law of Color Is a system for understanding color relationships When combining colors, you always get the same result from the same combination

Equal parts of: red and blue always =violet blue and yellow always=green red and yellow always=orange

Primary Colors Pure colors that cannot be created by combining other colors All colors are created from these three primaries…

Blue Primary Colors Red Yellow

Predominance of blue *cool colors Predominance of red and or yellow *warm colors Blue is the strongest and the only cool primary color *brings depth or darkness to any color

Red is the medium primary color
* Red added to blue-based colors ~ appear lighter Red added to yellow ~ become darker

All three primary colors present in equal proportions
Yellow is the weakest of the primary colors yellow added to other colors ~ lighter and brighter All three primary colors present in equal proportions * the color is brown

Secondary Colors Obtained by mixing equal parts of two primary colors Green=blue and yellow Orange=red and yellow Violet=blue and red

Primary and Secondary Colors
Refer to the color wheel

Tertiary Colors Intermediate color achieved by mixing a secondary color with its neighboring primary color on the color wheel in equal amounts

Blue-green Blue-violet Red-violet Red-orange Yellow-orange Yellow-green *test info*

Q. Why is it necessary to fully understand the law of color?
A. Natural-looking haircolor is made up of a combination of primary colors, secondary colors, and tertiary colors

Complementary Colors Are a primary and secondary color positioned opposite each other on the color wheel Complimentary color include blue and orange, red and green, yellow and violet and…

They neutralize each other
What do we mean neutralize each other? Complementary colors are used to: Neutralize or refine unwanted tones in the hair Help you choose the correct color *review reference guide page 635

Blue-orange=almost Halloween
Mrs. Kucas’ great idea It’s easy to remember the complimentary colors: Green-red=Christmas Blue-orange=almost Halloween Yellow-violet=Easter decorvillage.files.wordpress.com/2007/11/pump...

Tone or Hue of Color Add: Describes the warmth or coolness of a color

Answers-which color to use for clients desired result
Tone or Hue of Color Answers-which color to use for clients desired result Warm, cool, or neutral (or tonality)

Warm tones look lighter *gold, orange, red, yellow Use with clients:
*auburn, amber, copper, strawberry, bronze Ex. Our tube says 6 RO=level 6 with red-orange tone Tell client: dark strawberry blonde

Cool tones look deeper *blue, green, and violet Use with clients: *smoky, ash, drab, or platinum Ex. 4B Level 4 brown with a blue tone

Natural tones (also called neutral tones) are warm tones
~ described as sandy or tan i.ehow.com/.../Articles/ /162460_Full.jpg

Intensity-strength of a colors Add: tonality
Described as soft, medium, or strong Color intensifiers Add: color additives are tones added to a haircolor formula to intensify the results (show our intensifiers

Base color is the predominant tone of a color
Identified by a number and letter # indicates the level Letter indicates the tone Ex. 6G Level 6-dark blonde With a gold base

When selecting formula=know what tone the client likes and dislikes
*** client will say they do not want to see red-in many cases this would include gold (caramel) Neutral base colors are used to cover gray hair.

Types of Haircolor Four categories: Temporary Semipermanent
Demipermanent Permanent Non-oxidative Oxidative

Add next to nonoxidative:
Vegetable, flowers, herbs, salts of heavy metal (veg. tints, metallic dyes, compound dyes)

Patch test required for all, except temporary color
Q. What is the purpose of a patch test? Q. Is a patch test required prior to using lightener (bleach)? Q. What wording does the Cosmetology State Law give us that requires us to patch test prior to aniline derivative tints?

Click on “a severe reaction to hair dye following sensitization from PPD temporary tattoo”

All haircolor products and lighteners contain:
~ a developer (oxidizing agent) ~an alkalizing ingredient

Alkalizing ingredient-ammonia or an ammonia substitute is to:
Raise cuticle of the hair fiber so tint can penetrate the cortex Increase the penetration of tints within the hair (oxidation reaction) Trigger the lightening action of the peroxide

The next paragraph said differently:
The alkalizing agent: - opens the cuticle - the peroxide enters into the cortex - breaks up the melanin (lighteners) - permanent color does this to a lesser degree, then replaces it with new color

Temporary Color Neutralize yellow hair or unwanted tones
Q. What tone would we use for this? Q. What happens when a tone (like blue) is used and there is no complimentary tone (yellow) ? Just ask Mr. Herr !!!!!

Top: Several applications of lightener, then toned with violet
Bottom: used blue to counter the yellow c1.ac-images.myspacecdn.com/images01/24/l_c57...

Pigment molecules are large
*prevent penetration the cuticle layer Coating action only Removed by shampooing Nonoxidation color Physical change not a chemical change

No patch test required Temporary haircolors are available in a variety of colors and products: Color rinses applied weekly to shampooed hair, then styled Q. If this product only coats the hair, how can it last for a week?

Colored mousses and gels
Hair mascara/crayons for dramatic effects (or to hide gray regrowth) teendiariesonline.com colormousse.com/yahoo_site_admin/assets/image... s2.thisnext.com/media/160x160/FF6EA543-Cover%...

Spray-on haircolor Color-enhancing shampoos: -brighten
-impart slight color -eliminate unwanted tones

Add all: Coating- residue left on the outside of the hair shaft Made from preformed dyes Certified colors-standards for purity-FDA approved

Semipermanent Haircolor
Nonoxidation color Not mixed with peroxide Last through several shampoos, *depending on the hair’s porosity Partially penetrate the hair shaft *stain the cuticle

*fades with each shampoo Lasts about 4-6 shampoos
(used to be 4-6 weeks) Q. What do you think caused this change?

Does not lighten the hair
Only deposits color Does not lighten the hair ***No significant color change

Does not require maintenance of new growth Far more gentle
Requires a patch test Used right out of the bottle ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/41wDY7LPOcL._S...

*opens the cuticle for color penetration
Add: (in very small writing) no ammonia *if mixed with an activator develops the color pigments within the formula (not in hair) *swells the cortex *opens the cuticle for color penetration teenshairstyle.tripod.com/sitebuildercontent/...

Demipermanent Haircolor
No-lift deposit only haircolor ***Lasts longer than semi Add: penetrate the hair shaft Less alkaline *mixed with low volume developer Wellaprofessionals.co.uk

ADD: No ammonia or low ammonia formula
Uses alkalizing agents other than ammonia *oxidizing agents other than peroxide Not necessarily less damaging If milder, active ingredient is lower 4.bp.blogspot.com/.../s400/SHADES.png

Introduces client to color service Add: *vivid color results
*reverse highlighting Blend or cover gray Refreshes faded permanent color Color corrections Restoring natural color z.hubpages.com/u/740838_f260.jpg

Deepens or creates a change in tone
Usually used on cold shaft and ends during a regrowth touch-up Refreshes previously colored hair Available in: gel, cream, or liquid Requires a patch test Cgi.ebay.ph us.lorealprofessionnel.com/img/identical/nav/...

Lighten and deposit color at the same time *single process
Permanent Haircolor Lighten and deposit color at the same time *single process *more alkaline Mixed with a higher volume developer Used to match, lighten and cover gray

ep.yimg.com/ca/I/yhst _2064_407... images.bizrate.com/resize?sq=160&uid=

ADD: ***Contains: ammonia, oxidative tints, and peroxide Requires a patch test Contain uncolored dye precursors *very small *easily penetrate the hair shaft Called Aniline derivatives

Combined with peroxide forms larger, permanent tint molecules
Molecules are trapped in the cortex Cannot be easily shampooed out Lighten the natural color *permanent change

Add: Action- causes the hair shaft to swell and the cuticle to open Ammonia- a colorless pungent gas composed of hydrogen and nitrogen, it is used in the haircolor to swell the cuticle

Soap cap: Equal parts permanent color mixture and shampoo Use last 5 minutes Worked through hair to refresh ends

z.about.com/d/womenshair/1/0/v/1/-/-/JamieLee...
bp1.blogger.com/.../2aygkPSiyco/s400/11aub3.png

Removes natural pigment *through lightening
Permanent color: Best for covering gray hair Removes natural pigment *through lightening At the same time adds artificial color Results=natural-looking color images.teamsugar.com/.../43_2007/AlbaHaur.jpg

Erdamtasdelen.com 1.bp.blogspot.com/.../s320/redken+1.jpg

2.bp.blogspot.com/.../2009-hair-color-trends.jpg 1.bp.blogspot.com/_30PRmkOl4ro/SlYcmC8sBNI/AA... i152.photobucket.com/.../780x780aspx2.jpg 2.bp.blogspot.com/_BQBI6z1LjRw/Se9xP6VVykI/AA...

Add: High-lift tinting-single process, higher degree of lightening action and minimal amount of color deposit

Review the 4 haircolor categories:
Q. List the four categories of haircolor. Q. If the desired color result is to stain the cuticle layer which type of haircolor would you choose?

Q. What color product provides a coating for the hair?
Q. Which product will give me the most vivid color results? Q. What is happening to the hair during a permanent haircolor service?

Q. Out of the four categories. which require a patch test
Q. Out of the four categories which require a patch test prior to application? Q. Out of the four which would be good for unpigmented hair? Q. Which one causes a physical change in the hair shaft?

Natural and Metallic Haircolors
Not used in salons Include: natural, vegetable and metallic haircolors Gradual colors Repeated use creates a buildup *grayish or green cast

Natural/Vegetable Haircolors
Henna-obtained from leaves or bark of plants Does not lightening/lift Process can be lengthy and messy

Henna only available in clear, black,
Shade range is limited Henna only available in clear, black, chestnut, and auburn tones No chemical services can be performed over natural hair colors due to coating on the hair shaft (uneven or undesirable results can be expected) img.tradeindia.com/fp/0/271/282.jpg

Metallic Haircolors: Called gradual colors and progressive dyes Contain metal salts Change hair color gradually by: *progressive buildup *exposure to air *creating a dull, metallic appearance

Require daily application Marketed to men Unnatural-looking colors
Limited shade range

FYI: not needed on test Destroy sulfur-cross-links in the cortex-hair breakage or hair loss Metals interfere with PW and our other chemicals (tint)

FYI con’t Metals can be absorbed through the skin and reach dangerous levels in the body Users report: headaches, dermatitis reactions, facial swelling, & lead poisoning

If hydrogen peroxide or any. other chemical is added to a
If hydrogen peroxide or any other chemical is added to a metal salt it will melt the hair Read Caution page 639 Removal of metallic colors is difficult and not recommended

Test for Metallic Salts (pg. 583) *Needed for Chapter test*
In glass container, mix 1 ounce of 20 volume peroxide and 20 drops of 28% ammonia water. Cut a strand of the client’s hair, bind with tape, and immerse in the solution for 30 minutes Remove, towel dry, observe the strand

Hair with lead-lightens immediately
Silver-no reaction (other chemicals will not be able to penetrate the coating) Copper-hair will start to boil and will easily pull apart (other chemicals would severely damage or destroy the hair).

Other info to know for test:
Silver dyes fade to a green cast Lead dyes fade to a purple cast Copper dyes turn red

Hydrogen Peroxide Developers
Is an oxidizing agent *when mixed with an oxidation color *supplies oxygen gas to develop color molecules *creates a change in natural hair color

Volume: measures the concentration and strength of H2O2
pH between Others developers on market; peroxide is most common for haircolor Different forms-liquid and cream Volume: measures the concentration and strength of H2O2 Lower the volume=less lift is achieved

Higher volume=greater the lifting action
10,20,30,40 are used for proper lift and color development Store-cool, dark place

Add to side bar: 10 volume-deposit only *does not cause enough lift to consider 20 volume-one-two levels of lift 30 volume-two-three levels of lifts 40 volume-three-four levels of lift

Add: Stabilizers are added to prolong the life, appearance, and performance of product.

2.bp.blogspot.com/.../aPeroxide+diagram88.jpg

Not in book-need to know:
High-lift tint will allow you to achieve four levels of lift successfully. Many haircolor brands are mixed equal parts developer/tint. Ratio of 1:1 High-lift tints are a ratio of 1:2 *use 40 volume developer Tint Developer

H2O2 mixed with lightener begins to release oxygen
Lighteners Lighten hair by dispersing, dissolving, and decolorizing the natural pigment H2O2 mixed with lightener begins to release oxygen Known as oxidation *happens within the cortex

To achieve a very pale blonde shade use a double-process application
Known as a two-step coloring Hair is prelightened, then the depositing color is applied Using a lightener-up to 90 minutes

Once hair is properly lightened, second step adds soft tone back to the hair
Called toning process Toners-very light shade palette to add tone to decolorized hair Demipermanent colors, Level 8-10 are also used as toners

Lighteners are also used to achieve:
Lighten the hair prior to application of a final color Lighten hair to a particular shade Brighten and lighten an existing shade 2.bp.blogspot.com/.../sassoon_pic_5021_0_sl.jpg

Q. What situation would cause us not to be able to achieve a blonde shade?
A. If client wants a color lighter than 4 shades of lift. Remember tint can only go up 4 levels.

pro.corbis.com/images/ jpg?size=57...

The Decolorizing Process
Lighten only certain parts of the hair Lighten dark natural or color- treated levels The Decolorizing Process Hair goes though different stages of color as it lightens Add: Stages-visible color change that natural hair goes through while being lightened

depends on how much pigment the hair has
the strength of the lightening product length of time it is processed goes through as many as 10 stages lh6.ggpht.com/killerstrands/SJkiO_mt96I/AAAAA...

Depicts how long it takes to lift thru the gold.
2.bp.blogspot.com/.../s320/DSCF1330.JPG

Allows the colorist to create the. exact degree of contributing
Allows the colorist to create the exact degree of contributing pigment needed for the final result First, the hair is decolorized to the appropriate level New color is applied to deposit the desired color

Lightening the hair to the correct. stage is essential to a beautiful,
Lightening the hair to the correct stage is essential to a beautiful, controlled, final haircoloring result. Q. If the client is a natural level 2 (very dark brown), and wants to have level 7 (medium blonde) full head of color, what level of decolorization will I need to get to for a successful color?

*Permanent haircolor products used primarily on prelightened
Toners *Semi-permanent *Demipermanent *Permanent haircolor products used primarily on prelightened hair to achieve pale and delicate colors *process up to 5 minutes

Not all hair will go through 10 stages of lightening
Each natural color starts at a different stage Goal: is to create the correct degree of contributing pigment as the foundation for the final haircolor result 1.bp.blogspot.com/.../s320/DSCF1348.JPG

Hair is never safely lifted past the pale yellow stage to white
Causes excessive damage to the hair strand Result: wet hair feels mushy and will stretch without returning to original length

When dry: hair is harsh and brittle
Often suffers breakage and will not accept toner properly Baby-blonde look (Marilyn Monroe/Madonna) can be achieved by lightening to a pale yellow and neutralizing the unwanted undertone (contributing pigment) with a toner

CONSULTATION Most critical First step in establishing a relationship with your client Client will communicate what she is looking for Listen carefully so you can make the appropriate haircolor recommendations

miniquehair.com/CONSULTATION.jpg cdn-viper.demandvideo.com/media/d2a0f9dd-a81b...

Allow sufficient time ensure a client’s satisfaction
***Have proper lighting, walls should be a neutral or white color Steps to include: Book client 15 minutes extra

Introduce yourself and welcome
them to the salon Offer a beverage Allow no interruptions 2. Have client fill out information card -hair history -tells what kind of color service client is looking for

-pay attention to client’s skin and eye color
-condition and length of hair, amount of gray 3. Look directly at client ask what they are thinking about doing with hair color

user249720.websitewizard.com/images/Blonde-Re...

Ask leading questions Let them talk Your questions might include: Temporary or permanent change All over or highlights Conservative or dramatic

If you ask a client: do you want your color to whisper, talk or scream
If you ask a client: do you want your color to whisper, talk or scream? You will gain a clear picture of how they want to look, how much of a highlight, or how light/bold the color is to be. Describe what you would label your hair color as.

Use people’s hair from the media to help describe an effect
Add shine to your hair? 4. Recommend at least two different options 5. Review the procedure and application techniques

makelovereal.net/.../2008/04/kz0u3224.jpg

-cost of service and follow-up maintenance
-several steps may be needed to achieve result -may not be able to afford it, have a more economical back-up solution ready

6. Be honest, do not promise the world
-corrective color solutions take time, let client know what you can do today and how many visits it will take to achieve desired look 7. Gain approval from the client

8. Start the hair color service
9. Educate and inform client about home care, products, rebooking, what shampoo and conditioner is needed, how many weeks to the next service 10. Fill out client haircolor card Read both Caution Boxes and the Focus On

Release Statement Q. What statement can be made about release statements in PA.? Q. Name two haircolor safety precautions that will prevent injury to a client. A. Patch test and do not tint eyelashes or eyebrows with haircolor.

Formulation: Four basic questions that must always be asked when formulating a haircolor ***Drape the client for a chemical service, and try to answer these four questions, then give us the answers when we come to help you formulate. **Need to know all four questions for the test

What is the natural level? Is there any gray hair?
What is the client’s desired level and tone? Are contributing pigments (undertones) revealed? What colors should be mixed to get the desired result and what volume of developer?

Formulate with both lift and deposit in mind
Formulation con’t: Combination of the shade and the volume of H2O2 determines the lifting ability of a haircolor Formulate with both lift and deposit in mind

Add: Formulation: art of mixing to create a blend or balance of two or more ingredients.

Higher lifting formulas may. not cancel the warmth of a
Higher lifting formulas may not cancel the warmth of a client’s natural contributing pigment Volume of H2O2 mixed with the haircolor product will also influence the lift and deposit Ex. Bright reds

Q. Can I mix the color of the. hair swatch that the client
Q. Can I mix the color of the hair swatch that the client showed me she liked? Why or why not? Q. What will help me to determine the tone that will be needed? Q. When you have a color client, what will you do before calling Mrs.K or myself over?

Mixing Permanent Colors:
Method of mixing is determined by the type of application you are using Applied by either bowl and brush or applicator bottle Always follow manufacturer’s directions

Applicator bottle: Large enough to hold color and developer,
enough room to shake to mix the product For ratio 1:1-pour 1 ounce developer into bottle, add 1 ounce of color, mix Q. What is another way to say ratio 1:1? Equal parts

For a ratio 1:2-one part high lift tint to two parts developer, or
Ex.-1 ounce tint to 2 ounces developer Q. What is another way to say this ratio? Double peroxide This is the ratio for high-lift blonde colors

*On test* Let’s talk mixing Matrix Socolor 3 ounce tube 2 1/2 2 1 1/2
Most brands are 2 ounce tubes 1 Let’s talk mixing 1/2

Brush and bowl: Use nonmetallic bowl!!!!! Measure developer into bowl Add color/colors in appropriate proportions Use applicator brush, stir to blend

To determine any allergy or sensitivity to the mixture
Patch test info: To determine any allergy or sensitivity to the mixture Also called *predisposition test *hypersensitivity test *sensitivity test *allergy test Must be given 48 hours prior to each application of an aniline derivative tint Add all three:

Must be the same tint brand and color that will be used on the hair
Negative skin test/or result- shows no sign of inflammation * color may be safely applied 4.bp.blogspot.com/.../s400/HellaciousHair163.jpg

Positive result-shows redness,. rash, welt, swelling, itching,
Positive result-shows redness, rash, welt, swelling, itching, burning, blisters, open sores and breathing difficulties-do not use this product on your client ***You can patch test with a different brand of color, however I would expect them to be allergic to that as well.

*Read both Caution Boxes
Result of using permanent haircolor on the eyebrows. Blindness may occur. (this client did a 48 hour patch test and it was negative) *Read both Caution Boxes thebeautybrains.com/.../2008/09/swolleneye.jpg

The ingredient that people are allergic to is:
Add: para-phenylenediamine or PPD. ***There are other ingredients that clients could be sensitive to as well, but this is the most common one. ***About 1 in 100 react to haircolor. ***I have seen one case in 26 years

Q. Does it matter what level of developer. is used in the patch test
Q. Does it matter what level of developer is used in the patch test? Why or why not? Q. What will determine how long the patch test is to remain on the client’s skin? Q. What must we anticipate from a higher volume of developer than 20, when mixed with a level 6 haircolor? Q. We know that we will pull more orange and red, so what complimentary tone must we include in the formula?

Haircolor Applications
Follow a prescribed procedure Makes for greatest efficiency and the safest, most satisfactory results beccasbyline.files.wordpress.com/2009/04/ist2...

Preliminary Strand Test
Once formula is created-try it on a small strand of hair This will tell you how the hair will react to the formula and how long to process The strand test is performed after the client is prepared for the coloring service. 3.bp.blogspot.com/.../s200/DSCF1801.JPG

Semi-permanent Haircolor
Temporary Colors: Apply to manufacturer’s directions Semi-permanent Haircolor Deposit only Color applied over color always creates a darker color

Porosity determines how well the products “take”
Can build up on the ends Strand test will determine the formula and processing time

***Strand test prior to rinsing out tints and lighteners
Q. Explain the difference between a preliminary strand test and a strand test.

Demipermanent Haircolor
Great way to introduce client to color Enhance their natural color Application is similar to semipermanent, FMD

Gray hair: special challenges
Depth of color may appear too harsh Allow for some brightness and warmth Select a shade one level lighter *more natural-looking result

Previous color service-greater degree of porosity
Take into consideration when formulating and applying

FYI (whole page) Single Process tints: Usually contain a lightening agent, shampoo, an aniline derivative tint, & an alkalizing agent to activate the added peroxide Usually uses 20 volume developer When using other volumes of developer, the results will be altered

Lightens and deposits color in a single application
Single-Process Permanent Haircolor Lightens and deposits color in a single application Includes: Virgin tint going lighter Tint retouch Prelightening or presoftening is not required

Single-process Color Retouch:
*use a glaze (nonammonia) to add shine and tone the hair shaft and ends 1. Retouch the new growth *Do not overlap *causes breakage and a “line of demarcation”-visible line separating colored hair from new growth.

Done for effect c1.ac-images.myspacecdn.com/images01/24/l_c57...

2. Process color according to your analysis and strand test results
3. Refresh faded ends * no-lift deposit-only haircolor *rinse the color through the ends, shampoo/condition Add: Shampoo two times for all lighteners and color services

Q. Explain why we would see a line of demarcation.
When the color is applied to porous hair (previously tinted) it will usually take a deeper tone than the new growth will, leaving you with a line of two colors. Add: Line of Demarcation-obvious difference between two colors on the hair shaft

Double-Process Haircolor:
Process of hair lightening Known as bleaching or decolorizing Diffusion of the natural hair color or artificial haircolor from the hair

Double-process Haircolor: Dramatically lighter color
Prelightened first To achieve pale or cool colors use double-process application Decolorize with lightener *then deposit desired tone

store.colorexpress.org/images/Correct-A-tint-...

Modern day accelerating machines to process perms and color faster
krnsnowflake.250free.com/step1.jpg

Known as double process high- lift coloring and two-step blonding
1. Hair is prelightened first 2. Then toned Prelightening lifts the natural pigments, before the toner *wider range of haircolor possibilities

By prelightening the hair to the. desired color you create a perfect
By prelightening the hair to the desired color you create a perfect foundation for longer- lasting red colors that avoid muddiness and stay true to tone Add: Shampoo all color/lightener services 2 times

Prelightener is applied the same way as a regular lightening treatment
Once reached desired shade, lightly shampoo, acidify and towel dry Do a strand test to ensure the results of the toner Apply color/toner in the usual manner Read Focus On and Caution Box

3.bp.blogspot.com/.../s320/Red_Hair_.jpg

Choose from oil, cream and powder
Using Lighteners Choose from oil, cream and powder Oil/cream: on-the-scalp lighteners Powder: off-the-scalp lighteners resources.shopstyle.com/pim/9f/35/9f3534a980c...

On-the-scalp lighteners: *cream and oil, some powder*
Easy to apply Oil-mildest *one or two levels of color lift is desired Used professionally to lighten dark facial and body hair

Cream *strong enough for high-lift blonding Gentle on scalp Conditioning agents that give some protection to hair and scalp Thickeners give more control during application

Do not run or drip, overlapping is prevented during retouch services
May be mixed with activators (boosters, protinators, accelerators) in the form of dry crystals. ON TEST Activators *powdered persulfate salts *increase lifting power

More activators, the lighter the hair
Up to 3 for on-the-scalp Up to 4 off-the-scalp Increase scalp irritation

Powdered Off-the-scalp lighteners:
Quick lighteners Strong, fast acting powder Dry out more quickly *cover with plastic cap Do not run or drip Expand and spread out

Time factors: Darker the hair, more melanin, takes longer Influenced by porosity, lightening agent can reach the cortex faster Tone-more red, more difficult to achieve pale delicate shades Ash blondes are difficult to achieve

Strength of product affects the timing
Heat leads to quicker timing ***use infrared lamps Stage of lightening must be observed to avoid excessive lift If lightened beyond desired foundation toner may not develop properly in the hair shaft

When this occurs, the toner shade. may “grab” the base color, giving
When this occurs, the toner shade may “grab” the base color, giving an ashy, cool tone Preliminary Strand Test *determines processing time *condition of hair *end result

Watch strand for any discoloration or breakage
Recondition if needed prior to toning Carefully record all data on client’s card If test shows hair is not light enough, increase strength of mixture and/or processing time

If strand is too light, decrease the. strength of mixture and/or
If strand is too light, decrease the strength of mixture and/or decrease the processing time Patch test done prior to application of a toner ***Save time-strand test and patch test the same day Read both Caution boxes

Lightener retouch: New growth
*part of the hair shaft between the scalp and the hair that has been colored Applied only to the new growth Q. Name the application that must be used for a successful retouch on this client.

Use cream lightener for retouch
Less irritating to the scalp Helps prevent overlapping *overlapping can cause severe breakage or lines of demarcation Consult record card *lightener formula, timing and other matters

Using Toners Primarily used on prelightened hair *achieve pale, delicate colors Requires double-process application -application of lightener -application of toner *no-lift deposit only

*color that remains in the hair after lightening
Contributing pigment *color that remains in the hair after lightening (foundation) Achieve the correct foundation *to create the right color and degree of porosity required for proper toner development Contributing pigment needed for a light red color

Manufacturer’s will include. literature recommending the
Manufacturer’s will include literature recommending the foundation necessary to achieve the desired color Paler the desired color the lighter the foundation Overlightened hair will “grab” the base of the toner

Underlightened hair will. appear to have more red,
Underlightened hair will appear to have more red, yellow, or orange than the intended color Do not prelighten past the pale yellow stage This creates overporous hair that will have inadequate amounts of natural pigment left in the cortex for the toner to bond to

Refer to law of color to select a toner
*neutralize or compliment Toner Application Patch test required/***strand test Proceed with application only if the patch test is negative and the hair is in good condition

Speed and accuracy in applying is important
*determines whether you get good color results Procedure-check with instructor Q. What would your first instinct be for the procedure?

Special effects haircoloring:
Any technique that involves partial lightening or coloring *pure fashion techniques Versatile and exciting z.hubpages.com/u/ _f520.jpg

Strategically placing light and dark colors in the hair
Highlighting involves coloring strands lighter than natural color * illusion of depth perfecthairbymimi.com/.../images/hair_color3.jpg paulwelshhair.com/shari2.jpg

media.merchantcircle.com/ /j1_medium.jpeg jlifehaircare.files.wordpress.com/2009/03/med...

Light colors appear larger Makes details more visible
Reverse highlighting or low lighting colors strands darker than the natural color Contrasting dark areas recede, appear smaller Make detail less visible i38.tinypic.com/6h6kix.jpg

Possibilities are limited only by your imagination
As you expand your knowledge, you will become more creative Possibilities are limited only by your imagination Techniques for highlighting Cap Foil Balayage or free-form 1.bp.blogspot.com/_Co-NcLNyFP4/SSSV4wvTYYI/AA...

Cap technique: Involves pulling clean, DRY strands of hair through a perforated cap with a thin plastic or metal needle Comb to remove tangles # of strands pulled determines the amount of highlighting or lowlighting

Small # pulled effect will be subtle
Noticeable effect when many are pulled though Caution: the density of the client’s hair must be considered images.inmagine.com/.../ingc/1525r88999.jpg

For high/lowlighting-apply lightener or any haircolor
FYI **when desired shade is reached -rinse product off of cap (if lightener is used, cool water) -add small amount of shampoo -untie and slide cap off -wet down all hair -shampoo twice, condition Do this except if a toner is needed after the lightener

*rinse lightener off of cap with cool water
FYI To tone: *rinse lightener off of cap with cool water * add small amount of shampoo * cleanse off bleach * rinse out with cap on * towel dry hair thoroughly *dry with blow dryer * add toner and process. When toner is finished proceed as before.

Go under cap to erase a pull that is too thick
***use caps only on shorter hair/never long hair

Foil Technique: Involves coloring selected strands of hair by slicing or weaving out sections * placing them on foil or plastic wrap *applying lightener or permanent haircolor, and sealing them in the foil or plastic Use permanent haircolor for softer looks/red HL

Placing foil in hair is an art
Takes practice and discipline Slicing-take 1/8th” section of hair by making a straight part at the scalp Position hair over the foil Apply lightener/color Carefully close the foil while preventing the foil from slipping

Fold all foils on a diagonal line to prevent foils from slipping.
Show movie Be sure the top is no longer or shorter than the parting

Weaving-selected strands are. picked up from a narrow
Weaving-selected strands are picked up from a narrow (1/8th”) section of hair use a zigzag motion of the comb Place hair over foil Apply lightener or color Carefully close the foil while preventing the foil from slipping

Many patterns that foils can be placed in the hair
Face-frame, half-head, three quarter head, full-head To produce different highlights in different portions of the head

hairthursday.com/images/foils.jpg

Apply product to the regrowth only-not the entire strand
Foil retouch: Apply product to the regrowth only-not the entire strand cdn-

Balayage technique: Or free-form, involves painting of a lightener (usually powder lightener) directly onto clean, styled hair Applied with tint brush or a tail comb from base to ends around the head Extremely subtle/used to draw attention to the surface of the hair or…

Very bold effect done on blonde hair
images.teamsugar.com/.../01_2008/Baliage.jpg 4.blogspot.com/…/s320/baliage.jpg Will look “sun kissed”

Toning overhighlighted and dimensionally colored hair:
When hair is decolorized to the desired level *toner may not be necessary If a cool tonality is desired, use a toner to cancel any undesirable yellow contributing pigment

An oxidative toner will add color to the highlighted strands
* it might also causing a slight amount of lift to the natural, or pigmented hair ***Result may be uneven tonality *warmth brought out Strand test to ensure best results

Avoiding untreated hair options:
Use a nonoxidative toner *no ammonia -no developer (thus no lift) Is gentler on the scalp and hair

Semipermanent color can be used (deposit/no lift)
Always check with the manufacturer’s color chart for the base color of your chosen toner, to ensure that when the toner combines with the contributing pigment, gives you the exact tone you want 3.bp.blogspot.com/.../s320/Killer2396.jpg

Use a demipermanent haircolor
*deposit only without ammonia Lasts longer than temporary or semipermanent toner

Slight change in shade is desired
Highlighting Shampoo Prepared by combining permanent haircolor, hydrogen peroxide, and shampoo Slight change in shade is desired *Or when a client’s hair processes very rapidly

Highlights the hair’s natural color in a single application
No patch test is required ****Other: Mixture of shampoo and hydrogen peroxide Natural color is slightly lightened No patch test required Follow manufacturer’s directions

Special problems in haircolor/corrective coloring
Each haircoloring service is unique and can present unique challenges Complete client consultation and analysis of hair is critical 4.bp.blogspot.com/.../s320/hairsos1.jpg

Strand tests *satisfactory final results Even the most skilled colorist will occasionally have a problem that could not be predicted

Gray hair: Challenges and Solutions
Gray, white, and salt and pepper hair all have characteristics that present unique coloring challenges Gray hair can turn orange if lightener is not processed long enough

Gray hair with a yellow cast is caused by:
Yellowed Hair: Gray hair with a yellow cast is caused by: smoking medication Sun exposure hair sprays and styling aids manolomen.com/images/sam-elliott-with-yellow-...

Lighteners and tint removers can help remove yellow discoloration
Can be overpowered (neutralized) by the deposit of violet-based colors Add: Discoloration-development of undesired shades through chemical reactions Q. What is the problem when we see someone with blue or violet hair? (Mr. Herr’s blue haired ladies)

Blue-violet toner was used
img.photobucket.com/.../100_5651.jpg Blue-violet toner was used

Formulating For Gray Hair:
Accepts the level of the color applied Level 9 or higher may not give complete coverage (not enough pigment) Add: Coverage-ability of a product to color unpigmented , white, or other colors of the hair Level 7 or darker will cover better, can be used for pastel & blonde tones

Q. What effect would a lighter color have on this client?
Before and after: Lowlights in gray hair takatotheedge.files.wordpress.com/2008/06/03c... Q. What effect would a lighter color have on this client?

For 80-100% gray-blonde range is better
Selected color can be warm or cool depending on skin, eye color and preference Q. What theory can you state about why the hair changes to gray? A. As we age skin, eye color and hair lose pigment/part of aging process

Salt and pepper (low percentage of gray)
*color on color will always make a darker tone To compensate: use a shade 2 levels lighter than the natural dark hair

Always strand test Follow the chart-table 21-5 and manufacturer’s product color chart Take into account client’s: *personality *personal preferences *amount of gray and it’s location

Location: -majority gray in the front section -formulate on percentage of gray hair the client sees -hair that surrounds the face influences the client’s self-image

Tips for Achieving gray Coverage:
Level 7 medium-blonde or deeper 20 vol. developer Process 45 minutes Add neutral or neutral (warm tone) in percentages that follow High-lift blonde will not cover gray hair Use Level 7 then add highlights

Presoftening: Gray hair can be resistant Raises the cuticle *allows better penetration of color Acts like a stain

Presoftener is applied, processed, and removed
Then haircolor is applied Allow to process 15 minutes or FMD While presoftening the resistant areas, mix and apply final formula to the rest of the head

***To presoften: Mix according to manufacturer’s directions Apply to most resistant areas first Process room temperature minutes/FMD Wipe color off gently with towel to remove

Next, apply desired level and tone to achieve end results
Or use Mrs. Mandato’s “Primer” Chemistry is different, this is not a presoftening technique In clinic, when one of us is working with you use their technique, learn both, then you decide which to use

Rules for Effective Color Correction
Color may not come out as expected Problems can be corrected Q. What is the main reason this color needs correcting. Determine what tone would be better and why. i.ehow.com/.../ / main_Full.jpg

2.bp.blogspot.com/.../s320/hair+color.jpg i.ehow.com/.../ /disaster-main_Full.jpg

Keep in mind: Do not panic Determine the nature of the problem Determine what caused the problem Develop a solution Always take one step at a time

6. Never guarantee an exact result
7. Always strand test for accuracy Damaged Hair: Blow-drying, wind harsh shampoos, and chemical services affect the condition of the hair

Coating compounds: *hairspray *styling agents *some conditioners can block color penetration ***Heavy coatings/shampoo and dry hair under dryer for better results

Hair is considered damaged with one or more of:
Rough texture Overporous condition Brittle and dry

Susceptible to breakage No elasticity
Becomes spongy and matted when wet Color fades or grabs too dark

Any of these conditions can create
Any of these conditions can create problems during tinting, lightening, PW, or hair relaxing treatments Give reconditioning treatments prior to, and after the application of these chemical processes

conditioner that deposits protein, oils, and moisture rich ingredients
Tips for damaged hair: Use a penetrating conditioner that deposits protein, oils, and moisture rich ingredients Complete each chemical service with a low pH finishing rinse ep.yimg.com/ca/I/sleekhair_2065_

Q. What do we use here that is an acidic finishing rinse?
Q. What effect will Reginal have in the hair? Postpone any further chemical services until hair is reconditioned

Schedule client for between- service conditioning
Recommend retail products for use at home to prepare for the next service Q. If the damage to the client’s hair is your fault, do you charge for conditioning treatments or home care products? If client’s fault, same Q?

Fillers: Equalize porosity
***Can be ready-made by manufacturer or are prepared by mixing haircolor and conditioner Allure.com

Conditioner fillers and color fillers Conditioner fillers
Two types: Conditioner fillers and color fillers Conditioner fillers *recondition damaged, overly porous hair *equalize porosity Apply in a separate procedure or immediately prior to color application

Uniform contributing pigment
Color fillers Equalize porosity Deposit color Uniform contributing pigment Use no-lift deposit only haircolor (demipermanent)

Advantages: Deposit color to faded ends and hair shaft Help hair to hold color Prevents streaking and dull appearance Add: Faded-to loose color through exposure to the elements, or other factors

Prevents off-color results
Produces more uniform, natural-looking color in a tint Produces uniform color when doing a tint back

Selecting the Correct Color Filler
All three primary colors must be present *looks natural Ex. Blonde hair to Brown: Yellow Blue orange-red is needed

To correct unwanted haircolor:
*use the complementary color that is missing Yellow blonde hair *corrected with violet Orange blonde hair *corrected with blue Adding blue to yellow hair *makes green

Haircolor Tips for Redheads
Exciting and fun Fading common problem Artificial pigment within the hair shaft continues to oxidize and fade ***Use lower volume developer to prevent fading and brassiness

z.about.com/d/beauty/1/0/k/G/haircolor5.JPG

Tips: To create warm coppery reds *red orange base color To create hot fiery reds *red-violet or true red colors After hair has been colored with permanent haircolor *use no-lift deposit only on hair shaft and ends

If gray hair *add ½ to 1 ounce of neutral/natural color ***gray hair will pick up the pure base of the color, your results could be bright orange or bright pink

To brighten: *use soap cap *equal parts shampoo and remaining color before rinsing

Haircolor Tips for Brunettes:
Avoid orange or brassy tones *use cool blue base Add: Red, orange, or gold tones use “drabber” to reduce red or gold highlights Avoid unwanted brassy tones *do not lighten more than 2 levels above natural color

Add 1 ounce neutral/natural color to cover gray
Highlights in brunettes *deep or caramel colored *less maintenance than

user249720.websitewizard.com/images/Tint-Bach...

FYI Special effects highlighting
Tone on tone Reverse highlighting Scrunching Shoe-shine Balayaging Color mapping Twisted highlights *on hair *on foil

Hji.co.uk Color mapping celebhairstyle.files.wordpress.com/2008/05/re...

Q. How much money would a. salon quote as a price for a
Q. How much money would a salon quote as a price for a client that enters the salon with green hair? A. Never quote a price unless you have strand tested each step. Problems can still arise, so I recommend that you give yourself a safety net and say “corrective hair color starts at $_____”.

Q. How much time will you tell. your client that a corrective
Q. How much time will you tell your client that a corrective haircolor service will take?

Haircolor Tips for Blondes:
Popular, profitable, fun Possibilities are endless Lightening brown to blonde *underlying unwanted warm tones worldentertainment.files.wordpress.com/2008/1...

Double-process blonde *pale blonde results
Covering gray *use Level 7 or darker Double-process blonde *pale blonde results If high-lift blondes are used on Level 4 or below *results too warm or brassy i36.photobucket.com/albums/e40/WR82/riker.jpg

If highlights become too blonde *lowlights or deeper strands foiled in

Common Haircolor Solutions
Refresh faded color *demipermanent *stay within two levels of your formula *apply all over-process up to 10 minutes

Green cast: *build up of minerals ~well water ~chlorine *remove the mineral buildup *apply demipermanent color to neutralize unwanted color Add: “drab” describes no red or gold.

Overall Haircolor is Too light:
Result of incorrect formulation Apply no-lift haircolor one-two levels darker

Overall Color is Too Dark:
Add: 1st try Dawn dish detergent to fade or spot lightening Determine how much color needs to be removed Use haircolor remover Process 10 minutes

Designed to remove artificial pigment
Once achieved desired color, rinse and shampoo

What steps will be needed to achieve the natural haircolor?
Tint back: What steps will be needed to achieve the natural haircolor? 1.bp.blogspot.com/.../s320/DSCF1776.JPG

Restoring Blonde to Natural Haircolor
***called Tint Back Can be tricky Client may not like it *will look dark i.ehow.com/.../ / main_Full.jpg

1st soften new growth *level 6 violet base/20 vol *apply to scalp *process 30 minutes, rinse Next, *apply no-lift deposit only glaze -1 oz. Level 8 -1 oz. Level 9 red-orange *to all lightened hair -not to scalp area -process 20 minutes, rinse, shampoo, towel dry

*no-lift deposit only glaze *2 oz. Level 6
Finally *no-lift deposit only glaze *2 oz. Level 6 *apply scalp to ends *process 20 minutes -check every 5 minutes images.teamsugar.com/.../2/20652/45_2007/BM.jpg

images.teamsugar.com/.../HairColorBrightener.jpg

Haircoloring Safety Precautions
*** need 5 for the test Give patch test Do not apply if abrasions are present Do not apply if metallic or compound tint is present Do not brush hair prior to tint- can be picked, avoid scalp

Read and follow manufacturer’s directions
Use cleaned and disinfected applicator bottles, brushes, combs, and towels Protect clothing with a chemical drape Do strand test

Only use glass or plastic to mix product
Do not mix tint/ lightener before ready to use; discard leftover product Wear gloves Do not allow color to get in the client’s eyes

Do not overlap tint or lightener
Use mild shampoo Always wash hands before and after service Read Caution and Focus On

FYI Haircoloring offers:
*opportunity to exercise your creative impulses *will bring great pleasure to your clients *enjoy and appreciate all the learning you need to do, now and in the future

and formulations constantly change *keep learning new techniques
*techniques, fashions, and formulations constantly change *keep learning new techniques 3.bp.blogspot.com/.../Vanessa+Williams+Hair.jpg

CHAPTER 21 HAIRCOLORING.

Similar presentations

Presentation on theme: "CHAPTER 21 HAIRCOLORING."— Presentation transcript:

Similar presentations

About project

Feedback

Log in

Auth with social network:

CHAPTER 21 HAIRCOLORING.

Similar presentations

Presentation on theme: "CHAPTER 21 HAIRCOLORING."— Presentation transcript:

Similar presentations

About project

Feedback