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The Digestive System.

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Presentation on theme: "The Digestive System."— Presentation transcript:

1 The Digestive System

2 Structure and Function
Organs organized for maximum efficiency Alimentary canal & accessory organs

3 Digestive Processes Chemical digestion Absorption Defecation Ingestion
Mechanical digestion Propulsion Chemical digestion Absorption Defecation

4 Mouth Hard & soft palate – “roof” Uvula – blocks nasal passage
Tongue & teeth Salivary glands Saliva is 99.5 % water Saltine Challenge 

5 Pharynx Connects mouth with esophagus Swallowing & epiglottis

6 Swallow Study

7 Esophagus Peristalsis – wave of involuntary contraction to move food down alimentary canal

8 Esophagus Connects to stomach by Lower Esophageal Sphincter (LES)

9 Heartburn Caused when stomach acid backs up past your LES and irritates the lining of your esophagus LES could be weak or abnormally relax Spicy foods – already irritate the esophagus & increase stomach acid production

10 Heartburn

11 GERD vs LPR

12 Stomach Baglike with rugae (folds) LES & Pyloric sphincters

13 Stomach Functions Mechanical digestion Chemical digestion
Absorption – water, ethanol, some lipid-soluble substances Propulsion to small intestines as chyme (semifluid mass of partially digested food)

14 Small Intestine Segments Duodenum, jejunum, ileum
Villi and microvilli to increase surface area

15 Small Intestine

16 Mesentery Keeps small intestine organized & supports blood vessels

17 Endoscopy Used to examine esophagus, stomach, & duodenum

18 Pill Cam Endoscopy

19 Small Intestine Functions
Chemical digestion, absorption, propulsion by peristalsis Chemicals produced by accessory organs and secreted into small intestine

20 Pancreas Pancreatic juice – lots of enzymes to help with digesting proteins, carbs, & fats Produces insulin Allows glucose to enter cells Helps glucose to be stored as glycogen for later use

21 Pancreas NEED CAT PANCREAS PICTURE!

22 Liver

23 Liver Produces bile Emulsification – breakdown of fat to increase surface area for digestion Animation Continued breakdown of carbs & proteins

24 Liver Detoxify harmful substances Cirrhosis

25

26 Stores bile & secretes it to small intestine
Gall Bladder Stores bile & secretes it to small intestine

27 Large Intestine Segments Cecum, colon, rectum, anal canal Functions
Absorption & feces formation Defecation START EDITING HERE

28 Large Intestines

29 Colonoscopy Similar to endoscopy but examines colon

30 Homeostasis Nourishment Malnutrition
Starvation  utilization of body proteins  bloated appearance


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