1. Chapter 1: The Science of Nutrition: Linking Food, Function, and Health
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2. Early nutrition research focused on
improving agricultural yields.
classifying plants as edible or inedible.
identifying and preventing nutrient-deficiency diseases.
investigating associations between diet and chronic disease.
Answer: c) identifying and preventing nutrient-deficiency diseases.
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3. Early nutrition research focused on
improving agricultural yields.
classifying plants as edible or inedible.
identifying and preventing nutrient-deficiency diseases.
investigating associations between diet and chronic disease.
Answer: c) identifying and preventing nutrient-deficiency diseases.
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4. Which of the following statements is true?
Scurvy is caused by a nutrient deficiency.
Osteoporosis is caused by a nutrient deficiency.
Heart disease is caused by a nutrient toxicity.
A poor diet causes diabetes.
Answer: a) Scurvy is caused by a nutrient deficiency.
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5. Which of the following statements is true?
Scurvy is caused by a nutrient deficiency.
Osteoporosis is caused by a nutrient deficiency.
Heart disease is caused by a nutrient toxicity.
A poor diet causes diabetes.
Answer: a) Scurvy is caused by a nutrient deficiency.
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6. Vitamins A and C, thiamin, calcium, and magnesium are considered
water-soluble vitamins.
fat-soluble vitamins.
energy nutrients.
micronutrients.
Answer: d) micronutrients.
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7. Vitamins A and C, thiamin, calcium, and magnesium are considered
water-soluble vitamins.
fat-soluble vitamins.
energy nutrients.
micronutrients.
Answer: d) micronutrients.
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8. To maintain good health, you should aim to consume
the EAR for vitamin C.
the RDA for vitamin C.
the UL for vitamin C.
within the AMDR for vitamin C.
Answer: b) the RDA for vitamin C.
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9. To maintain good health, you should aim to consume
the EAR for vitamin C.
the RDA for vitamin C.
the UL for vitamin C.
within the AMDR for vitamin C.
Answer: b) the RDA for vitamin C.
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10. Which of the following assessment methods provides objective data?
Measurement of height
History of illnesses, injuries, and surgeries
Assessment of fatigue
Twenty-four-hour dietary recall
Answer: a) Measurement of height
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11. Which of the following assessment methods provides objective data?
Measurement of height
History of illnesses, injuries, and surgeries
Assessment of fatigue
Twenty-four-hour dietary recall
Answer: a) Measurement of height
© 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

12. As a result of a severe digestive disorder, Jane has lost 20% of her body weight and states she is "exhausted all the time." Jane is experiencing
overnutrition.
primary deficiency.
subclinical deficiency.
overt signs and symptoms.
Answer: d) overt signs and symptoms.
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13. As a result of a severe digestive disorder, Jane has lost 20% of her body weight and states she is "exhausted all the time." Jane is experiencing
overnutrition.
primary deficiency.
subclinical deficiency.
overt signs and symptoms.
Answer: d) overt signs and symptoms.
© 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

14. Which of the following statements about the scientific method is true?
"One hundred inactive residents of the Sunshine Care Home have high blood pressure, and 32 inactive residents have normal blood pressure" is an example of a valid hypothesis.
"A high-protein diet increases the risk for porous bones" is an example of a valid hypothesis.
If an experiment yields data that support a hypothesis, that hypothesis is confirmed as fact.
If the results of multiple experiments consistently support a hypothesis, it is confirmed as fact.
Answer: b) "A high-protein diet increases the risk for porous bones" is an example of a valid hypothesis.
© 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

15. Which of the following statements about the scientific method is true?
"One hundred inactive residents of the Sunshine Care Home have high blood pressure, and 32 inactive residents have normal blood pressure" is an example of a valid hypothesis.
"A high-protein diet increases the risk for porous bones" is an example of a valid hypothesis.
If an experiment yields data that support a hypothesis, that hypothesis is confirmed as fact.
If the results of multiple experiments consistently support a hypothesis, it is confirmed as fact.
Answer: b) "A high-protein diet increases the risk for porous bones" is an example of a valid hypothesis.
© 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

16. randomized clinical trial. double-blind placebo-controlled study.
An independent research team was hired by a beverage company to conduct a study into the effectiveness of a new vitamin-herb bottled tea on reducing the incidence of colds. The team recruited volunteers and divided them by surname into two groups of 100 participants each. Volunteers whose surname began with a letter of the alphabet from A through M drank the tea once daily. Those whose surname began with N through Z drank once daily a beverage that had a similar color and flavor but no active ingredient. Researchers phoned all participants with a surname beginning in A–M on Mondays and all participants with a surname beginning in N–Z on Tuesdays once a week for 6 months and asked them whether or not they had experienced a cold. This is an example of a (an)
Answer: c) randomized clinical trial.
observational study.
case-control study.
randomized clinical trial.
double-blind placebo-controlled study.
© 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

17. randomized clinical trial. double-blind placebo-controlled study.
An independent research team was hired by a beverage company to conduct a study into the effectiveness of a new vitamin-herb bottled tea on reducing the incidence of colds. The team recruited volunteers and divided them by surname into two groups of 100 participants each. Volunteers whose surname began with a letter of the alphabet from A through M drank the tea once daily. Those whose surname began with N through Z drank once daily a beverage that had a similar color and flavor but no active ingredient. Researchers phoned all participants with a surname beginning in A–M on Mondays and all participants with a surname beginning in N–Z on Tuesdays once a week for 6 months and asked them whether or not they had experienced a cold. This is an example of a (an)
Answer: c) randomized clinical trial.
observational study.
case-control study.
randomized clinical trial.
double-blind placebo-controlled study.
© 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.

18. The study described in the previous question was funded by a company that stood to profit from results supporting their product's effectiveness. This is an example of
peer review.
a conflict of interest.
transparency.
quackery.
Answer: b) a conflict of interest.
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19. The study described in the previous question was funded by a company that stood to profit from results supporting their product's effectiveness. This is an example of
peer review.
a conflict of interest.
transparency.
quackery.
Answer: b) a conflict of interest.
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20. Sources of reliable and accurate nutrition information include
the nutritionist on the staff of your local supermarket.
the personal trainer at your campus fitness center.
the website of the National Institutes of Health.
an advertisement for a weight-loss program you read in the health section of the New York Times.
Answer: c) the website of the National Institutes of Health.
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21. Sources of reliable and accurate nutrition information include
the nutritionist on the staff of your local supermarket.
the personal trainer at your campus fitness center.
the website of the National Institutes of Health.
an advertisement for a weight-loss program you read in the health section of the New York Times.
Answer: c) the website of the National Institutes of Health.
© 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.