1. Mercantile Empires of the 18th Century

2. Two separate but related conflicts:
After a period of relative peace and prosperity, the second half of the 18th century witnessed renewed warfare.
Two separate but related conflicts:
Britain v. France (and, to a certain degree, Spain) dueled for supremacy in commerce and colonial empire.
Prussia v. Austria: dominance in central Europe.
The wars proved costly, forcing the Euro governments to reorganize their financial and taxation systems

3. I. Mercantile Empires The Four periods of European Overseas Empire
a) b) c) d)
Colonial trade rivalry among Gr. Brit, Fr. & Sp a) b) c)

4. Imperialism a) b) c)
Decolonization
When?

5. II. Mercantilism 1) 2) 3) 4) 5)

6. Britain and France differed in their take on mercantilism
a) France & private interests?
b) Britain & private interests?
c) British Navigation Acts?

7. Treaty of Utrecht 1713 = “who” got “what”
a) Spain
b) Gr. Britain
c) France
d) Dutch

8. III. Fr/Brit mercantile rivalry occurred in the New World and in India
Native American Indians
West Indies (heart of rival b/t Fr and GrBrit)
a) at stake?
b) Sugar?
c) Labor?

9. Spanish Colonial System
a) Council of Indies & viceroys
b) Trade & Cadiz
c) Colonial Reform under Spanish Bourbon
Monarchs
* peninsulares
* creoles

10. IV. North Atlantic Economy, Plantation Economy & Slavery
Why was there an increase in demand for African slaves by the 1700s?
The Plantation System
Atlantic Economy (Triangular Trade)
Scene from “Roots”