1. Chapter 9, Section 3 WAR With Mexico Part 2: The Mexican-American War pp. 306-311
Describe how The Texas War for Independence led to conflict and war between the United States and Mexico

2. Assignment Schedule Mon. Do Now (next slide)
Exit Ticket: Why did Polk want Mexico to start a War with the US?
Tue. Due: Read Pages and answer reading check questions.
Exit ticket-Read different Viewpoints on page 308. Give your opinion as whether Manifest destiny Opposes American Ideals.
Wed. Exit ticket- Critical Thinking Worksheet.
THURS. Due: Page ,2 & 3 (Chapt. Review)
– TEST FRIDAY!

3. Do Now
Reading Check Questions P

4. Battle of San Jacinto
Six weeks after the battle of the Alamo, Texas forces & Sam Houston defeat Santa Anna & the Mexican Army
Treaty signed recognizing Texas’ independence
Sam Houston elected 1st President of the Republic of Texas
Santa Anna surrenders to wounded
Sam Houston at San Jacinto

5. The Independent Republic of Texas (1836-1845)
April 1836: Houston forces Santa Anna to recognize Texan independence
Houston hopes U.S. will annex (add on) Texas
Jackson & Van Buren refuse to support annexation Why?
Finally annexed by “lame duck” Tyler in Feb. 1845
Republic of Texas flag

6. President #11 – James K Polk
Annexing Oregon
Main Idea: Americans elect a new President in 1844 who promises to expand the territory of the United States.
Election of 1844: James K. Polk promises to expand U.S. territory
Campaign Slogan: “54° 40´ or Fight!”
Defeats Whig Candidate:
Henry Clay
Polk threatens war with Britain over Oregon Territory
Signs treaty with Britain setting border with Canada at 49° N latitude.
President #11 – James K Polk

7. Annexing Texas (Becomes 28th state in 1845)
Mexico hopes to reclaim Texas, doesn’t want to cede (give up) more land
Mexico claims Texas border is the Nueces River
Texas claims its border is the Rio Grande
U.S. annexes Texas
Mexico refuses Rio Grande border AND U.S. claim to Texas
Polk sends “Army of Observation” led by…

8. Exit Ticket: Why did Polk want Mexico to start a War with the US?

9. The Mexican-American War
Main Idea: Expansionists favored war with Mexico, but some Americans disapproved.
Polk provokes a Mexican attack by sending U.S. troops into disputed territory (1845)
Led by Zachary Taylor
Mexican troops ambush U.S. patrol (in disputed territory)
11 killed, 52 captured
Polk gets Congress to declare war on Mexico
“American blood has been shed on American soil!” - J. Polk 1846
Zachary Taylor
“Old Rough & Ready”

10. Opposition to the War Not all Americans support “Mr. Polk’s War”
A young Abraham Lincoln opposes it, calling it an “expansionist war”
Support varies by region:
North opposes the war
John Quincy Adams, “bigger pens to cram with slaves”
South supports the war
War is on – Who will lead Mexico?....
Abraham Lincoln in 1846

11. Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna
Mexico turns to Santa Anna (again)
He has to sneak past American blockade
Taylor invades from north (Texas)
Crosses Rio Grande
Meets Santa Anna at the battle of Buena Vista
American “victory” due to Mexican civil war
Samuel Chamberlain’s painting
“He’s baaaaack”
Santa Anna in 1847

12. Rebellion in California
John C. Fremont launches a revolt to free California from Mexican control
Bear Flag Rebellion
Territory quickly gains independence (Jan. 1847)
President Polk names Fremont military governor of CA
Fremont’s goal: obtain statehood as quickly as possible
Meanwhile……
Stephen Kearney
John C. Fremont & the “Bear Flag Republic”

13. General Winfield Scott
Invasion of Mexico
General Winfield Scott (with Taylor’s troops) attacks the port city of Vera Cruz
Beach town on the Gulf of Mexico
First amphibious landing in U.S. history
20 day siege: March 1847
Marches toward Mexico City (just like Cortez)
General Winfield Scott
“Old Fuss & Feathers”

14. Exit ticket: Read different Viewpoints on page 308
Exit ticket: Read different Viewpoints on page 308. Give your opinion as whether Manifest destiny Opposes American Ideals.

15. The March to Mexico City
Robert E. Lee – Scott’s brilliant engineer
Win battle of Cerro Gordo
- Capture Santa Anna’s leg
Defeat the “San Patricios” at Churubusco
Some are executed, some branded
On to Mexico City
Final battle at the Castillo de Chapultepec
Captain
Robert E. Lee
Fighting St. Patrick’s Brigade
at Churubusco

16. Los Niños Héroes: The Child Heroes
Battle of Chapultepec: young Mexican cadets fight with Santa Anna against American Army
5 killed in action
Last cadet jumps from cliffs of Chapultepec Castle, wrapped in Mexican Flag
Prevent enemy from capturing the flag & making it a trophy of war
Monument to “Los Niños Héroes”: Juan de la Barrera, Juan Escutia, Francisco Marquez, Agustin Melgar, Fernando Montes de Oca, & Vincente Suarez

17. Achieving Manifest Destiny
Main Idea: Result of the Mexican-American War, the United States gains huge new territory.
Over 525,000 square miles added to the U.S.
“From Sea to Shining Sea” – Manifest Destiny achieved
Americans suffer 13,000 losses, most to disease (Only 1700 died in combat)
Training ground for future generals of the American Civil War
Expansion of territory reignites tensions between North & South over slavery

18. Characters of the Mexican-American War
Zachary Taylor
Winfield
Scott
George B. McClellan
Antonio Lopez
De Santa Anna
John C. Fremont
Ulysses S. Grant
Robert E. Lee

19. Santa Anna’s Leg
Santa Anna wounded, leg amputated during “French Pastry War”
Leg captured by Americans at the Battle of Cerro Gordo
Leg is in a museum in Springfield, Illinois
Mexico doesn’t want it back