2. Wireless Communication Devices

3. SPP (Serial Port Protocol) Bluetooth Module
These small size Bluetooth TTL transceiver modules are designed for serial communication . It allows your target device to both send or receive TTL data via Bluetooth technology without connecting a serial cable to your computer.
The modules with the HC-03 and HC-05 firmware are the Master and Slave integrated Bluetooth serial modules with firmware which allows you to modify master and slave mode at any time. HC-03 are industrial grade products, HC-05 are commercial grade products.
The modules with the HC-04 and HC-06 firmware are the modules which are factory set to be Master or Slave modules. Master and slave mode cannot be switched from the factory setting. HC-04 is an industrial grade product, HC-06 is a commercial grade product.
The modules with the HC-09 firmware are replacements for the HC-06 and HC-07 modules.
HC-05 module is an easy to use Bluetooth SPP module, designed for transparent wireless serial connection setup.
Serial port Bluetooth module is fully qualified Bluetooth V2.0+EDR (Enhanced Data Rate) 3Mbps Modulation with complete 2.4GHz radio transceiver and baseband.
- Master/Slave
- Configuration using AT commands
Pins:
VCC (Power 3.3 – 6V)
GND
TXD
RXD

4. Hardware Features Bluetooth protocol: Bluetooth Specification v2.0+EDR
Frequency: 2.4GHz ISM band
Modulation: GFSK(Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying)
Speed: Asynchronous: 2.1Mbps(Max) / 160 kbps, Synchronous: 1Mbps/1Mbps
Security: Authentication and encryption
Profiles: Bluetooth serial port
Power supply: +3.3VDC 50mA
Typical -80dBm sensitivity
Up to +4dBm RF transmit power
Low Power 1.8V Operation ,1.8 to 3.6V I/O
UART interface with programmable baud rate
With integrated antenna

5. Bluetooth Module WAKEUP/EN/KEY PIN: Enter into AT Mode when HIGH
STATE PIN: The STATE pin is LOW when the HC-05 is not connected and HIGH when the HC-05 is connected (Connected to LED).
HC-05 blinks constant ready light when on and searching for device to connect to
HC-05 indicates connected when blinking light is stalled and not constant

7. AT Command Purpose Command Verify Connection AT Set Name
AT+Name = <name>
Set Role
AT+Role = 1(Master)/0(Slave)
Set Pairing Code
AT+PSWD = <password>
Pairing Options
AT+CMODE = 1(Auto)/0(Last Address)

8. ESP8266-1

10. ESP8266 Features
The ESP8266 is a low-cost Wi-Fi chip with full TCP/IP stack and MCU (Micro Controller Unit) capability
32-bit RISC CPU: Tensilica Xtensa LX106 running at 80 MHz*
64 KB of instruction RAM, 96 KB of data RAM
External QSPI flash KB to 4 MB* (up to 16 MB is supported)
IEEE b/g/n Wi-Fi
Integrated TR switch, balun, LNA, power amplifier and matching network
WEP or WPA/WPA2 authentication, or open networks
16 GPIO pins
SPI, I²C,
I²S interfaces with DMA (sharing pins with GPIO)
UART on dedicated pins, plus a transmit-only UART can be enabled on GPIO2
1 10-bit ADC
* Both the CPU and flash clock speeds can be doubled by overclocking on some devices. CPU can be run at 160 MHz and flash can be sped up from 40 MHz to 80 MHz. Success varies chip to chip.

14. Zigbee

15. Examles: http://www.digi.com/blog/category/examples-guides/
ZigBee RF modules provide cost effective wireless connectivity to electronic devices.
XCTU is a free, multi-platform application compatible with Windows, MacOS and Linux
Graphical Network View for simple wireless network configuration and architecture
API Frame Builder is a simple development tool for quickly building XBee API frames
XCTU:
Examles:
API frame:
IDs & Channels:

17. Features: 3.3V @ 40mA 250kbps Max data rate 2mW output (+3dBm)
400ft (120m) range
Built-in antenna
Fully FCC certified
6 10-bit ADC input pins
8 digital IO pins
128-bit encryption
Local or over-air configuration
AT or API command set

19. GSM+GPS

20. Features Quad-band 850/900/1800/1900MHz
GPRS multi-slot class12 connectivity: max. 85.6kbps(down-load/up-load)
GPRS mobile station class B
Controlled by AT Command (3GPP TS , and SIMCOM enhanced AT Commands)
Supports charging control for Li-Ion battery
Supports Real Time Clock
Supply voltage range 3.4V ~ 4.4V
Integrated GPS/CNSS and supports A-GPS
Supports 3.0V to 5.0V logic level
Low power consumption, 1mA in sleep mode
Supports GPS NMEA protocol
Standard SIM Card

22. Pin Map
PWR: this is soft power switch for the module, you can pull it to high level for at least 2s to power up or power down the module.
RI: this pin will tell you whether the module is on and is there any calls and messages received. It will be pulled to high level when the module is on. And it will change to low for 120ms when a call or message is received.
RST: this is reset pin for the module. By default it has a high pull-up. If you absolutely got the module in a bad space, you can pull it to low level for 100ms to perform a hard reset.
RXD / TXD: Serial port, the module uses it to send and receive commands and data. TXD is output, and RXD is input. They can be connected to the 3.3V and 5V level.
VIO: this is the reference logic level for serial port of the module, the input voltage depends on the logical level of the microcontroller you use. If you use a 5V microcontroller like Arduino, you should have it be 5V, and a 3V logic microcontroller you should set it to 3V.
BAT: this pin is connected to Li-Ion battery pin, if you want to use only one Li-Ion battery as your power supply, you can use it to drive you microcontroller.
DTR: this is wake up pin for module in sleep mode. By default it has a high pull-up, and you can set the module into sleep mode by AT command “AT+CSCLK=1”. In the meantime, the serial port will be disabled. The serial port will be active after DTR pin is pulled to low level for about 50ms.

25. SENSORS Sensor Temperature (analog) Humidity sensor (Serial)
Optical Motion (Digital)
Magnetic (Digital)
Distance (Analog Non linear)
Audio I/P & O/P (Analog)
Light (Analog)
Computational Unit
ARM-Cortex STM32F051R8
Communication
GSM+GPS
Bluetooth
Zigbee
Wi-Fi
Emtron Technologies

26. WSN Computational Requirements STM32F051R8
It has the following key features:
Core and operating conditions
– ARM® CortexTM-M0 0.9 DMIPS/MHz up to 48 MHz
– 1.8/2.0 to 3.6 V supply range
High-performance connectivity
- 6 Mbit/s USART
– 18 Mbit/s SPI with 4- to 16-bit data frame
– 1 Mbit/s I2C fast-mode plus
– HDMI CEC
Enhanced control
– 1x 16-bit 3-phase PWM motor control timer
– 5x 16-bit PWM timers
– 1x 16-bit basic timer
– 1x 32-bit PWM timer
– 12 MHz I/O toggling
Memory:
64KB Flash
8 KB RAM
PC8= Blue LED
PC9= Green LED

27. Specifications from data sheet
System Architecture: Page – 43
Memory organization: Page - 45
CRC: Page-79
Power Supply: Page -85
Lopower Modes: Page-89
Clock Sources: Page-101, 103
PLL: Page-118
GPIO-Page-156
System Configuration: Page-173
AHB: advanced high-performance bus.  APB: advanced peripheral bus.