1. Nutritional
Supplementation

2. Dietary Supplements
Products intended to supplement the diet that contain at least one dietary ingredient to include: Vitamins Minerals Herbs or other botanicals Amino acids and substances such as enzymes, organ tissues, glandulars, and metabolites

3. Dietary Supplements These products are taken by mouth.
These products are found in many forms to include:
Tablets
Capsules
Softgels
Gelcaps
Liquids
Powders
Bars

4. Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act 1994
As a result of this act, dietary supplements are no longer regulated as foods and are not subject to pre-market safety evaluations.
The product must be labeled as a dietary supplement.
Information on the product label must not represent the product as a conventional food or a sole item of a meal or diet.
Allows for product labeling claims as long as it does not diagnose, prevent, treat or cure a specific disease.

5. Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act 1994
While the statements must be truthful and not misleading, there is not a review/approval process by the FDA.
The manufacturer is responsible to ensure the product is safe.
Manufacturers/distributors are not required to record, investigate or forward to the FDA any reports of injuries or illnesses that may be related to use of their product.

6. General Concerns
Without regulatory control there is a buyer beware market
Dietary supplement advertisements can be misleading and deceptive
Claims of effectiveness may not be credible
The concentration and quality of active ingredients can differ from product to product
Dietary supplements may adversely interact with each other as well as prescription medications.
Dietary supplements are often utilized as a short cut to optimal nutritional practices.

7. Research Concerns
There is a lack of quality peer reviewed research on human subjects.
The high dosages, utilized by athletes, have not been well studied.
The long term side effects are not well studied, if at all.
Research has not been equally completed on men, women and adolescents.

8. Pre-Workouts
Pre-workout supplements are designed to give you nutrients to enhance your workout!
Increased blood flow, better mental focus, enhanced muscle pumps and increased energy are just some of the reasons why more people are using pre-workout supplements

9. Common Pre-workouts C4 extreme Jack3d Animal Rage 1.M.R Assault
N.O.-Xplode
Nitroflex
SuperPump Max

10. Pre-Workout
You want to be focused, driven and energized when you hit the gym.
Whenever you hit the gym fatigued or unmotivated - or both - it's harder to push out those reps.
Using a Pre-Workout claims:
Sharpen mental alertness and focus
Skyrocket energy levels
Circulate oxygen flow in the muscle tissue
Promote Explosive muscular energy
Promote vascular pumps

11. Most Pre-workouts contain the following:
Active Ingredients
Most Pre-workouts contain the following:
Caffeine: supports fast metabolism, focus, mental clarity, fat loss, focus and strength.
L-Arginine: used to promote nitric oxide, which is a vasodilator.  This supports oxygen flow and helps your blood vessels expand within a normal range. L-Arginine may also help you recover faster from your workouts, which means fast results. (essential-AA converts into NO)
Beta-Alanine: decreases fatigue during muscular activity, which pushes muscles harder and longer. Beta-Alanine may help maximize protein synthesis and promote muscular endurance and performance during exercise. (Non-essential AA- tingling)
Other Ingredients: Creatine, other amino acids, carbohydrates, natural herbs, and vitamins or minerals

12. Weight loss/Fat Burners
Fat loss supplements have been specifically designed to support goals of losing fat.
They are designed to…
Optimize metabolism
Decrease food cravings
Support energy levels
Maintain lean muscle mass

13. Common Fat Burners OxyELITE Pro Hydroxycut SuperHD RoxyLean
Hyper Shred
Lipo 6

14. Claims:
Combined with a healthy diet fat burners can produce many helpful benefits to aid in weight loss.
This includes
Target your body fat receptor sites and release stored fat
Boost your energy, focus, and concentration
Minimize food cravings

15. Most fat burners contain the following:
Active Ingredients
Most fat burners contain the following:
Blend of natural ingredients such as oils, roots and plant extracts, stimulant free fat burners optimize fat burning. Such as green tea extract, L-carnitine (non-essential AA), CLA (Conjugated Linoleic Acid-reduces fatty deposits), ginger, cayenne and grapefruit
Stimulants and thermogenics such as Caffeine, Yohimbine, Synephrine and Guarana.

16. Protein
Background:
Next to water, protein is the 2nd most rich substance in the human body
Proteins are linked amino acids that occur naturally in foods
Example foods that contain protein include: meats, fish, poultry, milk, soybeans
Protein supplementation can include: powders, shakes and bars

17. Protein Supplementation
Claims include:
Improved muscle growth and function
Increased weight gain
Increased lean muscle mass
Increased strength/power

18. Types of Protein
Whey protein-fast-absorbing, support lean muscle, great post-workout
Soy protein- low fat, low cholesterol, and vegetarian source
Hydrolyzed whey- digested and absorbed faster then whey
Whey isolate- low fat, low carb,
Egg protein- high quality lactose-free source (toned physique)
Micellar casein- slow digesting great before bed

19. Protein Potential side effects:
High protein intake may displace carbohydrate in the diet possibly affecting performance
Increased urinary calcium loss
Contribute to dehydration
Due to the stress on the kidneys, individuals with kidney disease should avoid high protein diets

20. Creatine
Background:
Naturally occurring compound derived from amino acids
Found in meat and fish
Creatine supplementation can include: powder, candy gum, tablets and gel

21. Creatine
Claims include:
Increase lean body mass
Increase maximal energy production/performance (short duration high intensity exercises – example sprints)
Delayed fatigue in workouts/competition
Improved recovery after workouts/competition
Works best for low bouts of sprinting/cycling/ or multiple sets of low rep weight lifting

22. Creatine Potential side effects: Suspected to be from water weight
Increased body weight
Suspected to be from water weight
Gastrointestinal upset
Upset stomach
Diarrhea
Nausea
Muscle cramping and strains
Dehydration
Possible kidney effects/overload

23. Creatine Research findings:
Research is not unanimous; however, creatine appears to be beneficial in short duration high intensity exercise (sprints/football/volleyball)
Has not been found to benefit aerobic exercise or oxygen carrying capacity (endurance activities – example 800/1600 meter run)
People with low to normal creatine stores respond better with supplementation than those with normal to high stores

24. Dietary Supplements
This presentation highlights only a few of the several dietary supplements available. Remember quality research is lacking on the effectiveness and side effects of dietary supplements. As shown, utilization of dietary supplements is a buyer beware market as you are not guaranteed to get the ingredients that you purchased or you may get ingredients that you do not want.