1. What is organ donation
Removing healthy organs or tissues from a ‘live’ or ‘recently dead’ person to be used in another person

2. In India 1000000 and counting Are in need of organs
Need of the hour
In India and counting Are in need of organs

3. Commonly donated organs
Skin and bones

4. Organ Donation Somatic Death Home - Eyes , Skin
Hospital - Eyes, skin, bone
Brain Death
Heart, Lung, Kidney, Liver, Pancreas
Live donors
Blood, Liver, Kidney, Lung

5. Organ Donation Issues in India
Community Problem No Awareness of “Brain Death” Concept, Misconcepts
Hospital problem No efforts to identify & maintain “Brain Dead” donors
Govt. Problem No Funding for programme
No Interest

6. Organ Donation Dealing with Community
Mass education by all possible medium
“ Nicholas Green Effect”

7. Organ Donation Community issues
Relatives of donor –
emotional stress
Refuse to accept sudden event
Pain of their loved ones death does not disappear
Positive aspect : Comfort of loved ones gift gave other person second chance of life

8. Organ Donation Community issues
Encouraging people to donate organ
50% relatives will agree for donation of some organs
Rituals possible
No disfigurement of diseased
Encouraging community leaders and icons to speak about organ donation
Awareness through cinema theaters

9. Can an 85 year old person still be a donor?
YES!
the oldest organ donor on record was a 92-year old woman whose liver was successfully transplanted by surgeons in London, ON
the age of the organ donor does not dictate who gets the organ – as long as the organ is healthy, it is offered to the patient next on the list
eye donation can occur in individuals up to 100 years of age
ORGAN TRANSPLANT - INDIA

10. Can someone with diabetes still be a donor?
YES!
diabetes is not a barrier to donation although it may limit which organs can be donated
each organ is assessed separately and its suitability for donation determined
with diabetes, the kidneys and heart often are not suitable but this is not always the case
ORGAN TRANSPLANT - INDIA

11. Can someone who wears glasses still be a donor?
YES!
not only can you donate your organs, you can still donate your eyes as well – wearing glasses does not mean your eyes are unsuitable for transplant!
ORGAN TRANSPLANT - INDIA

12. Can someone who has had cancer still be a donor?
YES and NO
a benign, non-transmissible cancer is not considered a contra-indication to donation
a malignant cancer with the possibility of transmission to recipients is a contra-indication to donation
ORGAN TRANSPLANT - INDIA

13. Can someone with HIV still be a donor?
when there is any risk of transmitting a fatal disease from a donor to transplanted recipients, the organs are NEVER used
ORGAN TRANSPLANT - INDIA

14. Can someone who died under suspicious circumstances still be a donor?
YES!
if the cause of death is known
coroner’s consent is required and may be restricted to certain organs and tissues and may involve a time limit
ORGAN TRANSPLANT - INDIA

15. ORGAN TRANSPLANT - INDIA
Who can donate?
everyone who supports organ and tissue donation and transplantation is encouraged to express their intention to do so
at the time of death and following consent to donate, transplant teams will determine the suitability of the organs and tissues for transplant
ORGAN TRANSPLANT - INDIA

16. How Do I Express My Intent to Donate?
varies between states
most states – donor card
NGO – ILF,MKF, NKF , ZTCC, MF etc
Motor Driving License
in all cities, physicians will talk to your next-of-kin at the time of death
talk to your family and let them know your wishes
The green ribbon is an international symbol of organ and tissue donation.
ORGAN TRANSPLANT - INDIA

17. Frequently Asked Questions
If donation occurs, is a funeral still possible?
Yes – the only way people will know that donation occurs is if the family chooses to tell them.
Are any religions against donation?
All of the major religions in India support donation.
If I have a signed donor card, will doctors bother to try to save my life after an accident?
YES -Definitely! – every effort will be made to first save your life – your well-being is the priority.
Is it true that the wealthy and influential get preferential treatment on transplant waiting lists?
Definitely NOT! – in India , all patients are treated equally while on the waiting list.
What if I’m not really dead when donation occurs?
Death is absolute and certain whether or not you become a donor. Donation can only occur if two physicians independent of the transplant team declare you dead.
ORGAN TRANSPLANT - INDIA

18. ORGAN TRANSPLANT - INDIA
Live Donation
due to more people on the waiting list and a severe shortage of organs for transplant – more emphasis is being put on living donation
kidney – most common
living liver donation on the rise
living lung donation – not as common
ORGAN TRANSPLANT - INDIA

19. Organ Donation Hospital issues
Hospital and Doctor Issues
Underreporting of Brain Death patients
Neurologist and Neurosurgeon have to take scientific and factual lead
In Tamilnadu – Declaration of Brain Death has been mandatory in medical colleges.
G.O. No 75 dated

20. Organ Donation For cadaveric donation -
“society remains a crucial aspect in a transplant programme”
Strategies to decrease refusal rates by families include efforts at education -
the general population,
Religious heads & opinion leaders
health care workers individually
through the mass media

21. Promote Organ Donation Among Blood, Skin and Eye Donors
Design promotion programs to facilitate blood donors and families of skin and eye donors
Social appreciation of donors and their families

22. Organ Donation Family members presence during Brain death testing
Helps near and dear ones to accept the truth digest the concept of brain death and promots the idea of donating organs and keeping the loved one’s legacy
The presence of family during brain stem death testing. Doran M. Intensive Crit Care Nurs Feb;20(1):32-7

23. Organ Conversion Rate in India
Current organ donation rate - India is per million population per year
If in India - 1 per million donation rate we would have 1100 organ donors – 2200 kidneys,1000 hearts, 1100 Livers, 2200 Eyes
At 3 per million Donation rate we would have 3300 organ donors
– 6600 kidneys,3300 hearts, 3300 Livers, 6600 Eyes
At 10 per million donation rate- 11,000 organ donors
22,000 kidneys, 11,000 hearts, 11,000 Livers, 22,000 Eyes
20 per million donation rate - 22,000 organ donors
44,000 kidneys, 22,000 hearts, 22,000 Livers, 22,400 Eyes
Source: Indian Transplant Newsletter Issue no.19 Feb 2006

24. Organ Donation
This can be performed only at centers approved for Transplant surgery.
Problem-
Need to shift brain death person from one hospital to other.
Loss of organs from small center and peripheral centers.

25. Organ Donation Organ Shortage is a Crisis….
In india we need to Network and start thinking of sharing resources, expertise and organs
Set up Collaborative projects
Use Media for Promotion
Get Religious heads to Participate
Have Transparency in programme
Set up regional Transplant co-ordinators Forums
Social appreciation of donor family.