1. Objective: Identify and analyze causes of European Absolutism.
Monday, May 17
Do Now: Describe the monarchy in England.
HW: Part C ‘Evaluation of Sources’ Due.
Bring textbooks to class tomorrow.
Objective: Identify and analyze causes of European Absolutism.

2. Absolute Monarchs Project

3. large, standing military under direct authority
Louis XIV
The Sun King ruled France from 1643 to 1715
Bossuet’s ideas helped Louis XIV establish the first and fullest absolute monarchy in Europe.
CENTRALIZED
government
civil bureaucracy
national legislation
national judiciary
large, standing military under direct authority
national tax collection (instead of passing through the hands of regional nobility)

4. Display of Monarchical Wealth and Power
Moved the monarchical residence out of the center of Paris to a suburb in Versailles
Required nobles to spend time at palace to show power and benevolence

5. Estates-General/Medieval Parliament
If any parliament vetoed monarchical legislation, all the members of that parliament would be exiled from France.
Parliament would not be called into cession until 1789 at the heart of the crisis that precipitated the French Revolution.

7. Political Unity Would Only Work if Religious Unity Was Achieved 1st
Louis, a Roman Catholic, actively worked to get rid of heterodox religious groups: the Protestant Huguenots, mystical Christians and Calvinists
He destroyed their churches and burned their schools and forced Protestants, under pain of imprisonment or death, to convert to Catholicism
He overturned the Edict of Nantes
Protestantism would be a crime against the state.
All Protestant clergy were exiled

8. Romanov Dynasty ( )
Romanov Family Crest

9. Peter the Great (r )

10. Peter I, the Great Westernization: imitation of Western ways
Revolts were brutally suppressed
A secret police was created to prevent dissent
A successful war with Sweden gave Russia a window on the Baltic Sea
Baltic city of St. Petersburg

11. Reforms of Peter the Great
Reformed the church under state control,
Education creation of specialized math and science schools
Condition of upper class women improved
Economy applied western mercantilism to stimulate agriculture, industry and commerce
Centralized government,
Modernized the army,
Created a navy
Aggressive foreign policy
Law codes and tax system reformed to increase burdens on the peasantry
“House tax”, “Man” tax
taxes on beards, horse-collars, bee-hives

12. Russia & Sweden After the Great Northern War

13. Catherine the Great
Westernized and brought Enlightenment ideas to Russia
centralization and strong royal authority
gave new power over serfs to the nobles in return for their service in the bureaucracy and military
Crimea on the Black Sea, were gained in central Asia from the Ottomans
pushed colonization in Siberia and claimed Alaska

14. Catherine the Great (Russia)
The Enlightened Despots
Monarchs considered reforms in order to create more efficient societies, but not at the expense of their own power.
Influenced by the ideas of The Enlightenment.
Catherine the Great (Russia)

15. Schönbrunn Palace

16. Schönbrunn Palace

17. The Holy Roman Empire: Late 16c

18. Ferdinand & Isabella of Spain
The Madonna of the Monarchs

19. Empire of Charles V

20. Phillip II Spain Philip the Prudent
Fostered exploration and settled colonies in each of the world’s continents
Absolute Monarch but faced Constitutional strain

21. The Empire of Philip II

22. Maria Theresa
(HRE)
(r )

23. Maria Theresa & Her Family
Her Notable Children:
HRE Joseph II
HRE Leopold II
Queen Marie Antoinette (Fr.)

24. Maria Theresa financial and educational reforms
promoted commerce and the development of agriculture
Reorganized the military
Refused religious toleration

25. Frederick the Great (r. 1740-1786)
King of Prussia (from the Hohenzollern family).
Supported the arts
Religious Tolerance reforms
Friends with enlightenment thinkers

26. Frederick the Great’s Court

27. Fredrick the Great
Enlightened Absolutism