1. Unit 10 and 11 Exam
Test Review

2. Scientific Revolution
CHAPTER 21 and 22:
Scientific Revolution
Enlightenment
Absolutism

3. Scientific Revolution
Copernicus, Boyle, and Newton are all associated with what historical time period?
Scientific Revolution

4. Copernicus and Galileo
Which individuals were challenged by the Catholic Church for their belief in the heliocentric theory?
Copernicus and Galileo

5. What two ideas were most central to the Scientific Revolution?
Observation and Questioning

6. Who developed the scientific method?
Francis Bacon and Rene Descartes

7. Europeans during the Scientific Revolution valued knowledge based on what?
Scientific Reasoning

8. What is a result of the Commercial Revolution?
A variety of goods and an increase in the standard of living

9. What are results of an absolute monarchy?
Powerful kings
Large armies
Increased taxes

10. They made decisions without the consent of the people
Why were Philip II, Louis XIV, and Peter the Great considered absolute rulers?
They made decisions without the consent of the people

11. What does it mean for absolute rulers to have divine authority?
They represent God’s will on Earth

12. Limited the powers of English monarchs
What was a common effect of the Magna Carta, the English Civil War, and the English Bill of Rights?
Limited the powers of English monarchs

13. What document was signed by King John in 1215 that limited the powers of the king?
Magna Carta

14. What legal principle was established by the Magna Carta?
Trial by Jury

15. Which absolute monarch built the palace of Versailles and left France in debt?
Louis XIV

16. Which country had an absolute ruler that dissolved Parliament to raise taxes?
England

17. What was Peter the Great the first Russian ruler to make an effort to do what?
Westernize Russia

18. Rousseau and Lock believed the government should be based on what?
The consent of the governed

19. Locke, Montesquieu and Voltaire are associated with what historical time period?
The Enlightenment

20. They believed that governments are instituted to protect the citizens
How did the Enlightenment thinkers contribute to the development of democratic-government?
They believed that governments are instituted to protect the citizens

21. What new political concept was introduced by Enlightenment thinkers?
Natural Rights

22. What is the idea that government power should be divided into branches?
Separation of Powers

23. Charles de Montesquieu
Which enlightenment philosopher came up with the idea of having three branches of government?
Charles de Montesquieu

24. Authors of the U.S. Constitution
Who was mainly influenced by the ideas of Montesquieu, Voltaire, and Rousseau?
Authors of the U.S. Constitution

25. Which country adopted many Enlightenment ideas when creating their own government?
United States

26. Which philosopher came up with the idea of unalienable rights of life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness?
John Locke

27. What type of government is characterized by the Constitution having a higher authority than the monarch?
Limited Monarchy