1. Review of PPT notes grading
PowerPoints notes must be in Cornel Notes form
PowerPoints must be viewed in PowerPoint form

2. Review of PPT notes grading
Total points = 20
10 points – Slide notes
Each slide needs to be identified on the left
At least one sentence on the right
10 points – five sentence answer to Essential Questions
Heading
Name _______________
Subject _____________
Unit # _______________
PPT # ______ (or Historic People, Key Terms, Events and Ideas)

3. PowerPoint 1 Foundations of American Government
Unit 1
Government

4. Contains One Crash Course Video:
Episode 1: Why Study Government?

5. Essential Questions: Explain the four elements of the State
Analyze the differences in the forms of government

6. Crash Course: Why Study Government
Episode 1:
Complete the worksheet that goes with the following video:

7. Four Elements of The State
Population
Must have people/population (size does not matter)

8. Four Elements of The State (cont.)
2. Territory
Must have land/territory with recognized boundaries (again size is irrelevant).

9. Four Elements of The State (cont.)
3. Sovereignty
It has supreme and absolute power/authority within its own territory/boundaries (can decide foreign and domestic policy)

10. Four Elements of The State (cont.)
4. Government
Must have a government that creates and enforces public policy – also sets goals.

11. Theories of the Origin of the State
The Force Theory
People of an area were forced to come together under the authority of one person or small group (authoritarian, totalitarian, dictatorships, etc.)

12. Theories of the Origin of the State
The Evolutionary Theory
The state formed naturally or evolved from the family (or a network of families, tribes, etc.) with a “head of state,”
The idea that God or the gods have chosen certain individuals or families to rule. If you disobey those who rule you are “sinning” (Monarchies, Pharaohs, Emperors).

13. Theories of the Origin The Social Contract Theory
People willing enter into a contract and give up just as much power as needed to promote safety and welfare of society
Thomas Hobbes: people live in a state of nature with no government and life was nasty, brutal and short. People need government for protection and order. Governments exists to serve the will of the people.
Rousseau – limited government
John Locke – idea of unalienable rights

14. Copy this diagram

15. Purpose of Government Outlined in the preamble of our constitution
Form a more perfect union – create a stronger government
Establish justice – fair and impartial laws and enforcement
Insure domestic tranquility – maintain order and peace domestically
Provide for the common defense – protect form foreign enemies
Promote the general welfare – provide services like education, public health standards
Secure the blessings of liberty – protect individual rights and freedoms.

16. Government Systems Unitary Government
Centralized government all power held by the national government at a single location
Local government formed and only given power by central government
Country’s with Unitary Governments

17. Government Systems
Most governments in the world are unitary in form.

18. Government Systems Federal Government
Power are divided between a central/national government and local/stat governments.
There is a division of power by different levels of government and geographically.

19. Forms of Government Autocracy Rule by one
The “Force Theory” – military or police control.
Oldest and most common form of government
Usually a command economy, sometimes communist

20. Forms of Government Totalitarian Dictatorship
One leader or a group of leaders controls all social and economic life.
Government is not responsible to the people and the people cannot limit government.

21. Forms of Government Monarchy .
Kings, Queens, or Emperors are the supreme power – usually inherited their positions – if Absolute = unlimited power
Current Absolute Monarchies:
Brunei
Oman
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Swaziland
United Arab Emirates
Vatican City
Salman of Saudi Arabia

22. Forms of Government Constitutional Monarchy
Have a monarchy (sometimes just figureheads) that share power with elected officials.
England's Queen Elizabeth and Prince Philip

23. Forms of Government Oligarchy rule by a few/small group
Power/control usually comes from wealth, military strength.
Usually claim to rule for the people but much more like autocracy than a democracy

24. Forms of Government Democracy Direct Democracy
Rule by the people/many.
Rests on concepts of individual freedom, equality, free elections, competing political parties, majority rule with minority rights, and compromise.
Usually free enterprise economies (capitalism or socialism).
Direct Democracy
People vote directly on issues
No need for representation

25. Forms of Government

26. Forms of Government Republic
power is held by the people and their elected representatives, and has an elected president

28. Essential Questions: Explain the four elements of the State
Analyze the differences in the forms of government