1. Andrew Jackson’s Presidency

2. Increasing Suffrage in the early 1800’s
Outline
Early Life
Election of 1824
Increasing Suffrage in the early 1800’s
Election of 1828
Jackson’s Presidency

3. Early Life and Career Born: March 15, 1767 in Waxhaw, South Carolina.
American Revolution comes to the Carolinas
Studies Law
Appointed Public Prosecutor of the “Western District”
Delegate to Tennessee Constitutional Convention
1st Member of the U.S. House of Representatives for Tennessee
U.S. Senator,

4. Private Life
In 1794 Jackson marries Rachel Donaldson Robards in Nashville
Buys Family Estate at The Hermitage, Nashville Tennesse
The couple never had children of their own but adopted or received guardianship over many children during their life at the Hermitage

5. The Hermitage

6. Military Career “Old Hickory”
War of 1812
Ordered South to Natchez and eventually defender of New Orleans
Creek Uprising and Treaty
January 8, 1815: British defeat against Jackson’s forces at New Orleans
Defeat of Spanish Florida
1821 becomes governor of Florida territory

7. Election of 1824
As voting membership increased to include all white males, participation in local, regional, and national politics increased.
Political discussion rallies, and organized groups ushered in a new political climate in the country.
“Corrupt Bargain”
John Quincy Adams, (N) Democratic Republican
Andrew Jackson, (W) Democratic Republican
Henry Clay (W), Democratic Republican
William H. Crawford (S) Democratic Republican

8. Increasing Suffrage In The Early 1800’s “The Rise of the Common Man”
In the first half of the 19th Century voting requirements shifted from property to white manhood being the only qualification for voting.
By % of the nation’s white males could vote. This change strictly restricted the involvement of free African American voting.
Despite a growing political women’s movement for suffrage, women were completely left out. (text: P. 266)

9. Voting Requirements in the Early 19c

10. Voter Turnout:

11. Jackson’s Presidency 1828-1836
Read Andrew Jackson’s First Inaugural Address to the country and outline his primary goals as president.
Executive Control
Veto Power
“Kitchen Cabinet”
Spoils System
Bank War
Nullification
Indian Removal

12. 1828 Election Results

13. The Reign of “King Mob”

14. Veto Power
Jackson viewed his presidency as representing the interest of the common man and using his executive power he used the veto more that all the presidents combined prior to his tenure.
Read the Veto of the Maysville Road Bill and discuss Jackson’s reasons for using the veto for this legislation.

15. Kitchen Cabinet
Daniel Webster
John C. Calhoun
                                                             
Jackson relied heavily on the advice and counsel of his friends from Tennessee and the West, rather than eliciting advice from his legally appointed Cabinet members

16. “The Bank is trying to kill me… but I will kill it!”
Bank War
“The Bank is trying to kill me… but I will kill it!”
~Andrew Jackson to Martin Van Buren

17. Opposition to the 2nd B.U.S.
“Soft” (paper) $
“Hard” (specie) $
felt that coin was the only safe currency.
didn’t like any bank that issued bank notes.
suspicious of expansion & speculation.
state bankers felt it restrained their banks from issuing bank notes freely.
supported rapid economic growth & speculation.

18. The “Monster” Is Destroyed!
“pet banks”?
1832  Jackson vetoed the extension of the 2nd National Bank of the United States.
1836  the charter expired.
1841  the bank went bankrupt!

19. Results of the Specie Circular
Banknotes loose their value.
Land sales plummeted.
Credit not available.
Businesses began to fail.
Unemployment rose.
The Panic of 1837!

20. Nullification Crisis Force Bill Tariff of 1828
Enacted by Jackson to authorize the federal government to collect by force if necessary the tariffs out of South Carolina
Crucial Issue: Maintaining the Union VS. State’s Rights
Tariff of 1828
“Tariff of Abominations”
This ordinance declared by the power of the State that the federal Tariffs of 1828 and 1832 were unconstitutional and therefore null and void within the sovereign boundaries of South Carolina

21. 1830 Webster: Liberty and Union, now and forever, one and inseparable.
Jackson: Our Federal Union—it must be preserved.
Calhoun: The Union, next to our liberty, most dear.

22. Indian Removal Trail of Tears, 1830
"What good man would prefer a country covered with forest and ranged by a few thousand savages to our extensive republic, studded with cities, towns and prosperous farms and filled with all the blessings of liberty, civilization and religion?“ ~Andrew Jackson

23. Indian Removal Jackson’s Goal? 1830  Indian Removal Act
Cherokee Nation v. GA (1831) * “domestic dependent nation”
Worcester v. GA (1832)
Jackson: John Marshall has made his decision, now let him enforce it!