1. Early America
October 19, 2007

2. George Washington 1789-1796 Established a cabinet to advise him
Strengthened new government
Proclamation of Neutrality
Whiskey Rebellion
Farewell Address

3. Alexander Hamilton
Secretary of Treasury Hamilton wanted the government to pay for the war costs of the American Revolution, This would establish credit of the nation.

4. Hamilton’s Plan
National Bank-help the government in financial dealings.
Excise Tax-Tax on whiskey
Protective Tariff- tariffs passed to generate income for the government.

5. Hamilton’s Financial Plan

6. Early Documents Proclamation of Neutrality
Keep trading with nations, but do not take sides or get involved with disputes.
Pinckney Treaty
1789
Negotiated with Spain
US could navigate the Mississippi River
Wide acceptance in US

7. Whiskey Rebellion 1794
Farmers protested and refused to pay a tax on the whiskey made from grain.
Washington called out the state militias and put down the rebellion.
Government intended to enforce federal law.

8. Farwell Address 1796
Observe good faith and justice toward all nations. Cultivate peace and harmony with all…The nation which indulged toward another an habitual fondness is in some degree a slave…The great rule of conduct for us in regard to foreign nations, is, in extending our commercial relations to have with them as little political connection possible…

9. John Adams Federalist VP for Washington
Alien and Sedition Acts contribute to his unpopularity and the fall of his party.

10. Tariff 1789 Suggested by James Madison
Importers to pay percentage of the valued of their cargo when they landed it in the US.
Angered the Southerners because they had to pay more money to ship their goods.
Southerners suspected new gov’t not meeting their needs

11. Alien and Sedition Acts
Goal was to strengthen the Federalist party and weaken the Republican Party.
More difficult to become a citizen and easier to arrest and deport and non-citizens thought to endanger national security.
The Sedition Act made it easier to arrest a person for criticizing the government.

12. The Marshall Court John Marshall appointed by John Adams.
Supported loose interpretation of the constitution.
Strengthened federal supremacy and national economic interests.
Judicial Activism, court used its power to make public policy (differs from judicial restraint believe that this power should be only when there is a violation of the Constitution)

13. Thomas Jefferson Anti Federalist
Opposed Hamilton’s financial plan of the Bank as being unconstitutional
Opposed the Alien and Sedition acts.
Louisiana Purchase

14. Louisiana Purchase Doubled the size of the United States
Bought for $15 m or approx. 3 cents and acre.
Gained control of the Mississippi.
Increased the strength of the federal government.

16. Constitutional Interpretation
How does Jefferson make arrangements to buy the Louisiana Purchase if the Constitution does not have a provision for buying land?
Elastic Clause

17. James Madison
The War
of 1812

18. The War of 1812 Britain and France remained at war
Britain was seizing American ships en-route to France.
Congress passed the Embargo Act of 1807, which prohibited trade with other nations, repealed in 1809.
War ended in a draw

19. Results Native Americans lost their ally in Great Britain.
American manufacturing began to grow.
Opposing the war weakened the Federalist party.
Andrew Jackson becomes a war hero.

20. James Monroe Monroe Doctrine Set boundaries with Canada
Acquired Florida

21. Monroe Doctrine
An end to European colonization in the Western Hemisphere.
No intervention of European influence was “dangerous to our peace and safety”.
Foundation of US foreign policy in the Western Hemisphere

22. Monroe Doctrine
A promise of nonintervention by the US in European affairs and European colonies.
US lacked the military strength to enforce this doctrine, GB agreed to help the US support the doctrine.

23. Andrew Jackson 1829-1837 Democrat Hero of the battle of New Orleans
Closes the bank of the US
Opposes Calhoun and Nullification
Supported Native American removal policy
Spoils system

24. Andrew Jackson Common man’s President, know as “Old Hickory”
Elected from popular vote.
Spoils System
Gov’t jobs given to loyal supporters of the political party that won the election.

25. Tariff Issue
Southern states opposed protective tariffs which resulted in higher prices paid for manufacturing goods.
South saw that the north benefited from these tariffs
John C. Calhoun (VP) protested the Tariff of 1828.