1. Glencoe Health
Lesson 4
The Excretory System

2. The excretory system removes wastes from the body.
LESSON 4 The Excretory System
The excretory system removes wastes from the body.
BIG IDEA
New Vocabulary
cystitis
nephrons
ureters
urethritis
urethra
hemodialysis
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
Lesson Home

3. LESSON 4 The Excretory System
How Excretion Works
Main Idea
The excretory system uses several organs to remove all types of wastes from the body.
The body produces wastes in the form of solids, liquids, and gasses that must be removed so that the body can function well.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
Lesson Home

4. The Lungs, Skin, and Large Intestine
LESSON 4 The Excretory System
The Lungs, Skin, and Large Intestine
The large surface area of your skin allows you to excrete water and sales when you sweat.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
Lesson Home

5. The Lungs, Skin, and Large Intestine
LESSON 4 The Excretory System
The Lungs, Skin, and Large Intestine
The lungs expel carbon dioxide when you exhale.
Sweating is a form of excretion that helps to regulate body temperature
Solid wastes are eliminated through the large intestine.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
Lesson Home

6. LESSON 4 The Excretory System
The Liver
The liver is the first organ to receive chemicals absorbed from the small intestine.
The liver detoxifies the body by processing and excreting into bile such things as drugs, alcohol, and some cellular waste products.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
Lesson Home

7. The Parts of the Urinary System
LESSON 4 The Excretory System
The Urinary System
Kidneys
The Parts of the Urinary System
Bladder
Ureters
Urethra
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
Lesson Home

8. LESSON 4 The Excretory System
The Urinary System
The main function of the urinary system is to filter waste and extra fluid from the blood.
Urine is liquid waste material excreted from the body. It consists of water and body wastes that contain nitrogen.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
Lesson Home

9. LESSON 4 The Excretory System
The Kidneys
The kidneys remove waste products from the blood through tiny filtering units called nephrons.
New Vocabulary
nephrons
The functional units of the kidneys.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
Lesson Home

10. LESSON 4 The Excretory System
The Kidneys
The kidneys adjust the amount of salts, water, and other materials excreted according to the body’s needs.
In this way, the kidneys monitor and maintain the body’s acid-base and water balances.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
Lesson Home

11. LESSON 4 The Excretory System
The Kidneys
The kidneys perform the vital function of removing waste from the blood.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
Lesson Home

12. LESSON 4 The Excretory System
The Ureters
Urine travels from the kidneys to the bladder through the ureters about every 15 seconds.
New Vocabulary
ureters
Tubes that connect the kidneys to the bladder.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
Lesson Home

13. The Bladder and Urethra
LESSON 4 The Excretory System
The Bladder and Urethra
The bladder stores about two cups of urine comfortable for two to five hours.
Sphincter muscles help keep urine from leaking.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
Lesson Home

14. The Bladder and Urethra
LESSON 4 The Excretory System
The Bladder and Urethra
The bladder’s sphincter muscles close tightly like a rubber band around the opening of the bladder into the urethra.
New Vocabulary
urethra
The tube that leads from the bladder to the outside of the body.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
Lesson Home

15. Maintaining Your Excretory Health
LESSON 4 The Excretory System
Maintaining Your Excretory Health
Main Idea
Healthful behaviors will help keep your excretory system healthy.
The excretory function removes wastes that can become toxic from the body.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
Lesson Home

16. Tips for Maintaining Your Excretory Health
LESSON 4 The Excretory System
Maintaining Your Excretory Health
Tips for Maintaining Your Excretory Health
Drink at least eight 8-ounce glasses of water each day.
Limit your intake of caffeine and soft drinks, which can increase the amount of water lost through urination.
Follow a well-balanced eating plan.
Practice good hygiene.
Get regular medical checkups.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
Lesson Home

17. Excretory System Problems
LESSON 4 The Excretory System
Excretory System Problems
Main Idea
Excretory system problems commonly result from infection or blockage.
Disorders of the excretory system can have several different causes, including infection, blockage of urine, or natural aging.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
Lesson Home

18. Excretory System Problems
LESSON 4 The Excretory System
Excretory System Problems
Cystitis and urethritis are usually caused by a bacterial infection. Left untreated, the infection can spread to the kidneys.
New Vocabulary
cystitis
Inflammation of the bladder.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
Lesson Home

19. Excretory System Problems
LESSON 4 The Excretory System
Excretory System Problems
Symptoms of cystitis and urethritis include burning pain during urination, increased frequency of urination, fever, and possibly blood in urine.
New Vocabulary
urethritis
Inflammation of the urethra.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
Lesson Home

20. Kidney Problems Nephritis Kidney Stones Uremia
LESSON 4 The Excretory System
Kidney Problems
Nephritis
Inflammation of the nephrons.
Kidney Stones
Salts in the urine crystallize into solid stones and move into the ureter, causing pain and blocking the passage of urine.
Uremia
Decreased blood filtration by the kidneys leads to abnormally high levels of nitrogen waste products remaining
in the blood.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
Lesson Home

21. LESSON 4 The Excretory System
Kidney Failure
Kidney failure occurs when the kidneys lose their ability to function.
It can be caused by infection, decreased blood flow, or diseases that damage kidney tissue.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
Lesson Home

22. LESSON 4 The Excretory System
Kidney Failure
Hemodialysis takes three to five hours and is done three or four times per week.
New Vocabulary
hemodialysis
A technique in which an artificial kidney machine removes waste products from the blood.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
Lesson Home

23. LESSON 4 The Excretory System
Kidney Failure
Peritoneal dialysis uses the peritoneum, a thin membrane that surrounds the digestive organs, to filter the blood.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
Lesson Home

24. LESSON 4 The Excretory System
Kidney Failure
Kidney transplant involves the replacement of a nonfunctioning kidney with a healthy kidney from an organ donor.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
Lesson Home

25. LESSON 4 Review The Excretory System
After You Read
Reviewing Facts and Vocabulary
What is the main function of the excretory system? What organs are part of it?
The main function is to remove all types of waste from the body. The organs include the large intestine, lungs, skin, liver, kidneys, and bladder.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
Lesson Home

26. After You Read How are a ureter, a urethra, and urethritis different?
LESSON 4 Review The Excretory System
After You Read
Reviewing Facts and Vocabulary
How are a ureter, a urethra, and urethritis different?
A ureter is a tube that connects a kidney to the bladder. The urethra leads from the bladder to outside the body. Urethritis is an inflammation of the urethra.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
Lesson Home

27. After You Read How can you prevent cystitis and urethritis?
LESSON 4 Review The Excretory System
After You Read
Reviewing Facts and Vocabulary
How can you prevent cystitis and urethritis?
Practice good hygiene and personal health to prevent harmful bacteria and infection.
Glencoe Health Chapter 15 Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
Lesson Home

28. Glencoe Health End of Chapter 15
Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Digestive Systems
Lesson 4
The Excretory System
Lesson Home