1. El Subjuntivo
No es tan complicado…

2. Further Explanation
In general, the subjunctive is a verb mood that is used to express an action or state of being in the context of the speaker's reaction to it.
Most commonly (although not always), the subjunctive verb is used in a clause that starts with the relative pronoun que (meaning "which," "that" or "who").
Frequently, the sentences that contain a subjunctive verb are used to express doubt, uncertainty, denial, desire, commands or reactions to the clause containing the subjunctive verb.

3. El Subjuntivo
No es tan complicado…

4. En Español The subjuntivo is not a tense; rather, it is a mood.
Tense refers to when an action takes place (past, present, future), while mood merely reflects how the speaker feels about the action.
The subjunctive mood is rarely used in English, but it is widely used in Spanish.

5. Indicativo = Normal No influence Straight forward Business-like…
No emotion
Just the facts, ma’am.

6. Subjuntivo = Hippie Dude
Hypothetical…
Emotional…
Doubting…
Philosophizing…
Unsure…
Desire…
In Denial…
Not based in reality…

8. Verb Endings Singular Plural 1st Person e emos 2nd Person es éis
3rd Person en AR ER IR
Singular
Plural
1st Person a
amos
2nd Person as
áis
3rd Person an

9. Formula for when subjunctive is used -> S1 + V1 + QUE + S2 + V2
1st VERB
1st SUBJECT
2nd Subject
2nd VERB
This VERB has to TRIGGER the subjunctive. It must denote emotion, denial, uncertainty, volition, influence, desire, etc.
These must be different.
This verb will be in the subjunctive.

10. How to form:
Conjugate to the present tense first person singular form. (ex. hablar  hablo)
Drop the o (hablo  habl)
Add the opposite ending (habl  hable, hables, hable, hablemos, habléis, hablen)

11. Verb Endings Singular Plural 1st Person e emos 2nd Person es éis
3rd Person en AR ER IR
Singular
Plural
1st Person a
amos
2nd Person as
áis
3rd Person an

12. Many common expressions introduce subjunctive clauses:
Es una pena que... "It is a shame that..."
Quiero que... "I want..."
Ojalá... "I hope..."
Es importante que... "It is important that..."
Me alegro de que... "I am happy that..."
Es bueno que... "It is good that..."
Es necesario que... "It is necessary that..."
Dudo que... "I doubt that..."

13. Irregulares SER Singular Plural 1st Person sea seamos 2nd Person seas
seáis
3rd Person
sean
ESTAR
Singular
Plural
1st Person
esté
estemos
2nd Person
estés
estéis
3rd Person
estén

14. Más Irregulares IR Singular Plural 1st Person vaya vayamos 2nd Person
vayas
vayáis
3rd Person
vayan
HABER
Singular
Plural
1st Person
haya
hayamos
2nd Person
hayas
hayáis
3rd Person
hayan

15. …Más Irregulares SABER Singular Plural 1st Person sepa sepamos
2nd Person
sepas
sepáis
3rd Person
sepan
DAR
Singular
Plural
1st Person dé
demos
2nd Person
des
déis
3rd Person
den

16. -CAR / -GAR / -ZAR These verbs change spelling to preserve vowel sound.
TOCAR
Singular
Plural
1st Person
toque
toquemos
2nd Person
toques
toquéis
3rd Person
toquen
JUGAR
Singular
Plural
1st Person
jugue
juguemos
2nd Person
jugues
juguéis
3rd Person
juguen
CRUZAR
Singular
Plural
1st Person
cruce
crucemos
2nd Person
cruces
crucéis
3rd Person
crucen

17. Indicativo = Normal No influence Straight forward Business-like…
No emotion
Just the facts, ma’am.

18. Subjuntivo = Hippie Dude
Hypothetical…
Emotional…
Philosophizing…
Under the influence…
Doubting…
Unsure…
Desire…
In Denial…
Not based in reality…

19. Influence verbs (require the subjunctive)}
Querer
Recomendar
Insistir en
Sugerir
Preferir
Pedir
Mandar
Es necesario
Prohibir
Es urgente
Permitir
Es importante
Desear
Es mejor
+ que + subjunctive
Sugiero que hables con tus padres.

20. Emotion verbs (require the subjunctive)
Alegrarse de
Es mejor
Esperar
Es bueno
Sentir
Es malo
Temer
Es ridículo
Tener miedo de
Es terrible
Me gusta
Es una lástima
Te molesta
Es urgente
Le sorprende
¡Qué extraño
Es extraño
¡Qué lástima
Es increible }
+ que + subjunctive
Me alegro de que vayas a estudiar en México.

21. Doubt & denial verbs (require the subjunctive)}
No creer
Es probable
Dudar
No es probable
Negar
Es improbable
No es cierto
No es improbable
No es seguro
No estar seguro/a (de)
No es verdad
Es posible
No es posible
+ que + subjunctive
Dudo que hayas estudiado para el examen.

22. Videos that Explain Usage
related (Formation - Irregulars)
e=related (Influence)
e=related (Emotion)
=related (Doubt and Denial)

23. Gracias!