1. Install protection equipment
Explain how the equipment in the system of protection
Power Generation Engineering
1st Grade
2nd Semester

2. PURPOSE OF PROTECTION
PREVENT DAMAGE TO EQUIPMENT UNINTERRUPTED, ALTHOUGH THE EQUIPMENT SKIPPED CASH BY INTERFERENCE CURRENT.
DECIDE PART OF THE SYSTEM THAT MAY UNINTERRUPTED SMALL AND QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE.
3. PREVENT INTERFERENCE EXPANSION..
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3. FUNGSI PROTEKSI
1. DETECTED A MORBID MERCHANTABILITY OR INTERRUPTION IN THE SYSTEM THAT PART SECURED.
REMOVE SYSTEM PART OF UNINTERRUPTED, SO THE OTHER PART OF THE SYSTEM CAN BE MASIH CONTINUE OPERATING.
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4. PERANGKAT PROTEKSI Example Of Protection Peripheral PMT CT TIPPING _+ _
PROTECTION RELAY
PMT CT
TIPPING
COIL
BATERE
Example Of Protection Peripheral
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5. PROTECTION DEVICE SECURITY RELAY
As elements sense / measure to detect interference
ENERGY BREAKER (PEMUTUS TENAGA [ PMT ]
As energy breaker of current in circuit cut release systems part of uninterrupted.
CURRENT TRANSFORMER AND VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER
Changing the amount of current and voltage from primary circuit to secondary circuit [relay].
BATTERY / ACCU
As source of energy to trip for power supply for static relay and support relay. .
WIRING
For connecting to components protection become one system.
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6. PROTECTION REQUIREMENT
SELECTIVITY
2. RELIABILITY (RELIABLE )
3. SPEED
4. SENSITIVITY
5. ECONOMIC
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7. AREA OF SECURITY
ELECTRIC ENERGY SYSTEM IN SOME DIVIDED SECTIONS. THE ONE WITH THE OTHER OR BE CAN BE CONNECTED BY PMT.
EACH SECTION IS SECURED BY RELAY, AND ANY RELAY HAVE AREA OF SECURITY.
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8. AREA OF SECURITY SECURITY AREA FROM PEACEMAKER ISTEM ELECTRIC POWER
SECURITY DISTRICT
GENERATOR
GENERATOR - TRAFO
BUSBAR
TRANSMISSION
BUSBAR TM
ENERGY TRANSFORMER
LINEAR CIRCUIT TM
SECURITY AREA
FROM PEACEMAKER
ISTEM ELECTRIC POWER
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9. Diagram Of Logic from PLTU Protection
Security Main 32 40 60
51N 59
87G
87GT
87AT
96GT
96AT
64F
& OR
86G A B C D E
A : ALARM
B : PMT GEN. TRIP
( A DAN AB)
C : PMB EKSITAI
D : TURBINE TRIP
E : BOILER TRIP
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10. Install protection equipment
Designing the equipment in the protection system

11. Secure Network System Protection Equipment
Network of electricity usually comprised of large central plants, network transmission (main and network) and the distribution network. Electric power network consists of many different types of equipment and the physical characteristics and are separated by energy breaker (PMT) as shown in the figure:
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12. Secure Network System Figure System network of electric energy
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13. Secure Network System
Protection system consists of equipment CT, PT, PMT, Power dc / ac, protection relay, the teleprotection that integrated in a series of wiring. Besides, the supporting equipment required for easy operation and evaluation, such as recorder system, the scada system and relay indication (announciator)
In one simple example the protection system for network as indicated in Figure below. 
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14. Secure Network System
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15. Protection System requirement
Protection System must need requirement as follows: 
- Sensitive when able to feel little interference of any kind.
- Reliable when the work will be required (dependability) and will not work when not needed (security).
- Selective when capable separate of network that is the subject only
- Quick when able to work as soon as possible.
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16. Interference of system
Interference of system is a interference that occurred in the electric power system (the primary) as the generator, transformer, SUTT, SKTT and others. Interference of system can be as permanent interference and temporary interference. 
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17. Permanent interference
Interference of system
Permanent interference
Temporary interference is lost interference by itself when PMT open, such as a strike of lightning that caused a flash over the insulator SUTT. In the circumstances this PMT can immediately re-entered, either manually or automatically with Auto Recloser.
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18. Permanent interference
Gangguan Sistem
Permanent interference
Permanent interference is interference does not lost by itself, while repair necessary to the recovery, such as wire SUTT dropouts.
Interference of system can be controllable (in the control of O & M) and uncontrollable (outside the control of O & M).
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19. Interference of Non System
PMT opened is not always due to the occurrence of interference on the system, the PMT can only opened by a relay which working itself or a control cable that injured because of interference and other.
Interference such as is not called for interference on the system, hereinafter referred to as non-system interference (secondary side).
Type of non-system interference, among others:
- damage relay component,
- control cable short connected,
- interference / induction on control cable.
tang cable / knotty
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20. Install protection equipment
Perform the installation of equipment protection

21. Components of Protection
Protection system of Electric power generally
1. Current meter component
Voltage meter component
information obtained from the system, such as currents, voltages between the two. Information obtained from the electric power system will be used to compare with the scale threshold-limit (threshold setting) on the protection equipment. When the scale of the system exceeds the setting threshold-limit protection equipment, the protection system will work to secure conditions.
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22. Components of Protection
Here's a picture of the systematic from component of electric protection:
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23. Electrical Power System Protection
Gambar Elemen proteksi sistem tenaga listrik
Termination time interruption is the total time needed protection equipment to open it energy breaker also called fault clearing time.
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24. Electrical Power System Protection
Termination time interruption is one of the most important factors in determining a protection scheme. This is because an equipment protection must be coordinated with the time that other protective equipment so that only the most protective equipment is close to the interference of any work (principle of selectivity).
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25. Instrument Transformer
a. Current Transformer (CT) / (Trafo Arus)
Current Transformer (CT) is a device that functions reduce electricity flows into a large flow with a smaller size. CT is used, because it does not flow measurement may be performed directly on the cash flow burden or interference, this is due to flow is very large and very high voltage. Marked by characteristic CT Current Transformer Ratio (CTR) which is a comparison between the current missed by the primary flow with a miss by the secondary. 
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26. Instrument Transformer
b. Potential Transformer (Trafo Tegangan)
Potential Transformer is electrical equipment a function of lowering the high voltage into a lower voltage in accordance with the relay setting. Transformer also has a number comparison coil / voltage primary and secondary indicates that class. 
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27. Relay / Rele
Relay / Rele come from telegraph technique, in which a coil-energize by weak currents, and this interesting armature coil to close contacts. Relay is the heart from the Electrical Power system protection, and has developed into a complex equipment. Relay divided into two groups:
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28. Comparator: Rele / Relay
Detect and measure abnormal condition, and open / close contact (trip).
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29. Auxiliary relays: Rele / Relay
Designed for use in the Auxiliary circuit controlled by the rele komparator, and open / close contacts another (which generally have current strong)
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30. Circuit Breaker (CB)
Circuit Breaker (CB) is one of the power breaker equipment useful and decide to connect a series of conditions in the electric load is connected to directly and securely, both in normal conditions and when there is interference. Based on media electrical breaker / fire extinguisher interest, there are four types of CB as follows: 
1. Air Circuit Breaker (ACB), using media such as air.
2. Vacuum Circuit Breaker (VCB), using media such as vacuum.
3. Gas Circuit Breaker (GCB), using media such as gas SF6.
4. Oil Circuit Breaker (OCB), using media such as oil.
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31. Circuit Breaker (CB) Air Circuit Breaker Vacuum Circuit Breaker
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32. Circuit Breaker (CB) Gas Circuit Breaker Oil Circuit Breaker
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33. DC System Power Supply
DC System Power Supply is a power supply reserve that consists of a Battery Charger, as the equipment that change AC to DC voltage, and Battery, as a reserve power storage. As equipment protection, DC Power Supply System is the equipment which is vital because if an interruption occurs and the contact has been connected, the DC Power Supply System will work cause to open the CB. Charger is the main source of DC power supply, because the charger is a tool to change the AC power into DC power (rectifier). 
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34. Electrical Power Plant
Created by
Power Gen. Team
SMK PGRI 3 Malang
2009
THE END