1. ТОО «Global Munay Service»
10/28/2017
Experience of service providing by the shock wave treatment method in combination with chemical compositions
ТОО «Global Munay Service»
June 2014

2. General information
Current situation
The vast majority of oil fields in the Mangystau region are at a late stage of development and are maintained more than years.
Water that is pumped into the reservoir is often not exposed to proper preparation and is pumped into the reservoir with a high content of mechanical impurities, ARPD and iron sulfide. The result is that the injection wells tend to reduce intake capacity, while often it becomes necessary to conduct costly unscheduled capital repairs.
At present time such types of GTM as HF and HAT are widely applied to restore the intake capacity at the fields.
Resulting problems
Colmatation of perforations and bottomhole formation zone
Reduction or complete absence of intake capacity
Negative impact on the formation pressure of fields
Our innovations
We propose to use the SWT method for bottomhole zone as clastic as fractured reservoirs in combination with chemical compositions for the restoration and / or increasing the intake capacity of injection wells.
We have modernized and adapted the device and the components of SWT to the fields of the Mangystau region.
We have patented our "downhole valve with pneumatic actuator" technology which is the quintessence of the SWT technology for bottomhole formation zone.
In providing services we choose the composition of the chemicals individually depending on the reservoir properties.
Glossary
GTM – geological and technical measures
HF – hydraulic fracturing
СКО – hydrochloric acid treatment
WS – well service
WW – well workover
SWT – shockwave treatment
ARPD - asphaltic-resinous paraffin deposits
Patent
“Global Munay Service” LLP
“Downhole valve with pneumatic actuator”
July 2014

3. Our experience
Our team
Our engineering and technological structure has a positive experience in the technologies of enhanced oil recovery, commissioning after drilling and workover of wells in Russia and Kazakhstan.
We have a strong scientific and methodological unit
We constantly cooperate and exchange experiences with leading research, design institutes and design bureaus.
July 2014

4. Sequence of service delivery
Injection wells tend to reduce intake capacity and often unscheduled overhaul is economically inexpedient. The main reason for deterioration of injection wells intake capacity is well known colmatation, which is an accumulation near the wellbore of mechanical impurities of solid hydrocarbons. According to studies of fields sediments at the bottom of the injection well present a black mass in which structure can be defined the following: mechanical impurities %, solid hydrocarbons %, emulsified water - 35%. 
When providing our services,   we use the approach   consisting of two stages:
FACTORS AFFECTING THE INTAKE CAPACITY OF INJECTION WELLS
Factors relating to
the filtering process
Technological
Quality of injected water
Geological
Dimensions of pore channels
Degree of perfection
HFC content and its dimensions
Stage - 1
Well selection
Porosity and its types
Density, temperature, viscosity
Specific surface area and particle size
Colmatation due to swelling of clays, bacteria and gelled inhibitors growth , porous medium resistance at the front colmatation of pores, type of implemented filtering and temperature of the formation, deterioration of porosity and permeability of distant zones of formation.
Construction of wells and bottom
Stage – 2
Well processing
Character of size distribution of pores
Degree of consistency of selection and injection
Content of oil droplets, ARPD, fractional composition of HFC
Amount of bound water
Presence of residual oil
Injection mode, injection speed and injection pressure
Compatibility with formation water - (content of O2, CO2, H2S, etc.)
Presence of clays and a real filtration area
Existence of links between the blocks and the presence of impermeable interlayers
Repair work in bottom-hole formation zones and repairs in water pipelines, etc.
The presence of surfactants and their types
July 2014

5. Sequence of service delivery Stage - 1. Well selection
Well processing
The main criteria for the selection of well-candidate:
Availability of technical documentation of a well FPM
Availability of materials on geophysical surveys (CDF, HST, ACBL, DGDFD)
Availability of materials and technical documentation on the previous geological and technical activities (HF, chemical treatment, etc.)
Flange dimensions corresponding to the size of the valve ZMS 65 * 210 to set the SWT device with pneumatic actuator
Tightness and technical serviceability of the discharge valve.
The tightness of the production string
The tightness of tubing and packer
Availability of sump on wells stacked by sandstone reservoirs
Absence of casing flows
Composition of water injected into the formation.
July 2014

6. Sequence of service delivery Stage – 2. Well processing (1/3)
Well selection
Stage - 2
Well processing
The technology of SWT performing with using of chemical compositions:
Installing the SWT device with pneumatic actuator on flange of wellhead
Crimping of lines
Turning on the SWT device control unit and its closure. Injection of technical liquid from BKNS line (or CA-320) to the pressure specified by the well parameters and technological mode of processing. The pressure is determined by the pressure gauge installed on the wellhead (see. Appendix No.1).
When opening damper of SWT device with a pneumatic actuator a down hole fluid through manifold sleeve flows into the drain tank. Upon reaching the required speed of wellbore fluid spout time relay of control block closes the valve. A hydraulic shock occurs, which creates a momentum-shock wave. The pulse travels along the well cavity to the sump , reflects from it and acts on the bottomhole formation zone. Upon reaching the sump pulse, the control unit opens the valve for the next spout [1]
July 2014

7. Sequence of service delivery Stage – 2. Well processing (2/3)
Well selection
Stage - 2
Well processing
Continuation
On reaching the mouth of the well, the shock front increases the speed of spout. Time relay of control block closes the valve with pneumatic actuator, the summation of the amplitudes of the shock wave occurs arising from a hydraulic impact when closing the valve, and the shock wave reflected from the sump. Capacity of next shock wave extending on the well cavity increases. A resonance of frequency occurs created by hydraulic impact and frequency of reciprocating motion of a standing elastic wave moving along the well cavity. Frequency of hydro impacts is 2.6 seconds, depending on well depth and pressure generated upon impact. Upon reflection from the sump shock wave passes a part of energy to the rock. Vibration from the impact is transmitted on the skeleton of formation and causes a redistribution of stresses in its array, thus increasing permeability.
The speed of shock wave as it passes through the column of pipe is about m/s, but it does not have time to deform and destroy it, even at high values of pulse pressure.
When shock wave moves from sump to the mouth, the negative pressure in the bottomhole zone can lead to rupture of the liquid column, which contributes to the vacuum pumping of pollution and mechanical impurities to  the well cavity, as well as an additional liquid slugging during the subsequent filling of the gap. 1 2
July 2014

8. Sequence of service delivery Stage – 2. Well processing (3/3)
Well selection
Stage - 2
Well processing
Continuation
Under the influence of high pressure in the near-wellbore formation zone an expansion of existing cracks occurs as well as formation of new ones. While reducing the pressure cracks are closed. Regular change in pressure contributes to alternation of torpedoing effects and implosion in the well cavity. Pressure drops from 7,0mPa and above contribute not only disruption of adsorptive deposits from the walls of the pore channels, but also loosen and chip skeleton particles of formation having a low permeability, which is submitted in the well cavity in the form of mechanical impurities.
Since for creation of the next hydraulic impact the expiration is necessary of the wellbore fluid from the mouth with the required speed, the spout after each stroke contributes to removal of colmatant particles and spalled particles of the formation in the well cavity, eliminating the blockage of pore channels. The treatment time of the well, not including preliminary operation is from 10 to 24 hours. The effectiveness of treatment is determined by an increase in the permeability of a near-well zone of the formation by an amount regulated by a job-card (work plan).
Injection of chemical composition in the amount according to the technological plan [2]
(see Appendix No.2)
Response time, then swinging of the liquid column [3]
Washing of the reaction products on a day surface [4]
Dismantling 3 4
July 2014

9. The wellhead with installed SWT device on it
Appendix – No.1. Diagram of wellheads during SWT of the bottom zone and the formation; Special equipment location scheme
Diagram of wellheads during SWT of the bottom zone and the formation
A special device with pneumatic drive
A device control block
A pressure gauge
A reinforcing valve
A switchblade sleeve
A dump tank
An oil well tubing
A production casing
A receiver
The wellhead with installed SWT device on it
ACN-10
SIN-32
CA-320
ACN-17
Special equipment location scheme
To work on a well the following is necessary:
A SWT device - 1 set
A cementing unit - 1 unit.
A tanker truck gummed with a pump SIN unit.
A loading tanker truck - 3 units.
A solvent of salt depositions "RS 8-MPS"
July 2014

10. Appendix – No.2. Reagents used in the shock-wave treatment of wells
ARPD solvent for collectors with high content of resins, asphaltenes, paraffins.
Solvent of salt depositions "RS-8 MPS" - there are two versions of the reagent - for carbonate and clastic reservoirs. At the same time, unlike hydrochloric and hydrofluoric acids, when using inhibited "RS 8MPS" there is no problem of possible loss of colmatating deposits when reagent and oil are in contact.
Nonionic surfactant.
Formation water
Practical application (The illustration at right displays the results of research process at various dosages, gr./ ton)
On the basis of the "KazNIPImunaygas" laboratory independent testing of chemical compositions "RS 8MPS" and "MS-20MPS" were conducted for compatibility with demulsifiers, formation waters and oil emulsion of the Mangystau region deposits .
Test results of "RS-8 MPS" and "MS-20 MPS" have shown that they are fully compatible with the oilfield waters, oil emulsion and used emulsifier, namely, when mixing there are no loss tars, colmataging pore spaces content of salts are not increased, there is no negative influence on the properties of the demulsifier, etc.
A copy of the independent laboratory testing of reagents is available upon request.
Sea water
Sewage water
July 2014

11. increasing intake capacity
Appendix – No.3. Comparative analysis of the economic efficiency of SWT with respect to hydraulic fracturing (1/2)
Among the many methods used to improve the injectivity of injection wells to maintain reservoir pressure only SWT and HF provide real results. Therefore, speaking about the economic efficiency of SWT, it would be right to compare the two methods on the results of geological and technical measures (GTM) and the cost of its holding, as well as focus on the evaluation of their environmental performance.
According to the data given by the specialists of PM "Zhetybaymunaygaz" in the table  the results are shown, that is increasing the intake capacity at HF and SWT are almost identical. v
- No. of well 
- Horizon Q
- Intake capacity P
- Pressure
increasing intake capacity
In thousand of tenge
Cost savings in 4.33 times
July 2014

12. Appendix - №3. Comparative analysis of expended resources (2/2)
Cash costs at SWT, on average, three or more times less than at HF. This is because  for hydraulic fracturing preparation of the well for the measure is obligatory - attracting the WW team, which in itself is a complex and costly procedure, and takes on average days. There is a loss of profit for the customer, so as the WW team  that could be involved in the restoration of emergency wells which are also being forced outage or omission that is not included in the calculation of costs. It should be noted that the SWT is "without approach" i.e. does not require workover crew and the duration of the bottomhole zone treatment procedures is a maximum 3 days.
An important aspect is that through the SWT method we restore injectivity of PM wells previously exposed to primary HF and subsequently having reduced their injectivity, clearing proppant from colmatants (schematic representation of colmatation of BHFZ Figure 3, Figure 4). The impact of SWT for such layers is not only, and often superior to the secondary impact of HF, it enables the subsoil user to abandon the secondary and further such GTM, which significantly saves the customer's money.
Especially it should be noted for ecological compatibility of the SWT method, because it is "without approach", compared with hydraulic fracturing, because when HF as it is known subsurface structure can be destroyed, and during the preparatory work of the WW team at least there is soil contamination. According to reports of ecologists, HF leads to significant pollution of groundwater.
In places where HF is used water is gradually becoming undrinkable, so that people get sick more often, animals loose their wool, there is a tendency of deterioration of air quality.
Scheme of colmatation of injection well crack, filled with propane
Schematic representation of injection well crack
July 2014

13. Our contacts «Global Munay Service» LLP Abdukamalov Oralbai, CEO
Tel.:
Urbisinov Bekaydar, Technical Director
Tel.:
Abilov Samigolla, Chief Process Engineer
Tel.:
Office number 3.7, bldg. 75, Shopping center "Parus“, 4 md., Aktau, Mangystau region, the Republic of Kazakhstan
July 2014